DNA

Question 1

What is DNA?

Answer 1

Genetic information

Question 2

What is the purpose of DNA?

Answer 2

To determine an organism’s traits by determining the structure of proteins

Question 3

What did Alfred Hersey and Martha Chase’s experiment prove?

Answer 3

DNA is the genetic material

Question 4

DNA is a ____ made up of a bunch of ____ subunits.

Answer 4

polymer
monomer

Question 5

What are the subunits of DNA called?

Answer 5

nucleotide

Question 6

What is Chargaff’s rule also called?

Answer 6

the base pairing rule

Question 7

What does Chargaff’s Rule say?

Answer 7

A-T & C-G

Question 8

What did James Watson and Francis Crick determine about the shape of DNA?

Answer 8

It is a Double Helix

Question 9

What is the backbone of a nucleotide?

Answer 9

sugar and phosphate

Question 10

What goes in the middle of the nucleotide?

Answer 10

nitrogenous bases

Question 11

What bonds to the nitrogenous base?

Answer 11

Sugar

Question 12

What does DNA replication mean?

Answer 12

To make an exact copy of DNA

Question 13

When does DNA Replication happen?

Answer 13

In Interphase before Mitosis & Meiosis

Question 14

What is the 5’?

Answer 14

The phosphate sticking out

Question 15

What is the 3’?

Answer 15

The bottom of the sugar where a new phosphate connects

Question 16

What are Genes?

Answer 16

The sequence of nucleotides

Question 17

What do Genes determine?

Answer 17

Which proteins are made

Question 18

What is the point of DNA Replication?

Answer 18

To use the code found in DNA to make proteins

Question 19

What r proteins that make up ligaments, muscle, and bone?

Answer 19

Structural Proteins

Question 20

What are proteins that help carry out all the important processes of life?

Answer 20

Enzyme Proteins

Question 21

What are the monomer subunits of proteins?

Answer 21

Amino acids

Question 22

How is RNA different form DNA?

Answer 22

• single-stranded
  -ribose sugar
  -has uracil

Question 23

What are the 3 types of RNA?

Answer 23

-Messenger RNA (mRNA)
-Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
-Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 24

How are all 3 types of RNA made?

Answer 24

By copying themselves from DNA in a process called transcription.

Question 25

What is DNA polymerase?

Answer 25

An enzyme that separates the DNA strand + makes RNA

Question 26

What does DNA Helicase do?

Answer 26

Unzips the parental DNA

Question 27

What is the way is the Leading Strand going?

Answer 27

5’ to 3’

Question 28

What way is the Lagging Strand going?

Answer 28

3’ to 5’

Question 29

The code that is usefull is called

Answer 29

exons

Question 30

the code that is junk is called

Answer 30

introns

Question 31

what are the enzymes that cut out the introns

Answer 31

splicesosomes

Question 32

the process of converting mRNA info into protein is called

Answer 32

translation

Question 33

translation takes place in

Answer 33

ribosomes

Question 34

mRNA travels from _____ to the _____

Answer 34

nucleus cytoplasm

Question 35

as the _____ on the mRNA are read by the ribosome, the ribosome matches up the corresponding tRNA with the anti-codon

Answer 35

codon tRNA

Question 36

the amino acids are joined together by

Answer 36

peptide bonds