DNA Flashcards
(22 cards)
How much DNA is in one cell?
About 2 meters
DNA has a structure called a _______ it resembles a ladder that has been twisted.
Double Helix
___________ are famous for finding out the double helix structure
James Watson and Francis Crick
Rosalind franklin used the _______ to take the first pictures of DNA
x ray diffraction
The sides of the ladder are made of a substance called_______
sugar phosphates
The rungs of the ladder are made of _______
nitrogen bases
The combination of one nitrogen base and one sugar phosphate is called a _________
nucleotide
There are ________ on each side of the DNA that fit together like a puzzle.
nucleotides
a=
t
g=
c
what are chargaffs rules?
A=T
G=C
A section of DNA that controls the trait is called a ____
Gene
CGAT are lined up in specific ways to control _______
traits
When a ribosome reads DNA how many bases can it read at one ?
three
what are amino acids strung together to form?
proteins
there are _______ amino acids therefore ______ different proteins
thousands
what are the mistakes made when DNA copys itself called?
Mutations
mutation where a base is left out.
Deletion
mutaion where a base is added to DNA strand where it doesnt belong.
insertion
mutaion where a base has been changed from on letter to another
substitution
one cell forms two cells that are idendical used when an organisim needs to make more body cells
mitosis
one cell forms four new cells called sex cells each new sex cell has half the DNA of the orugional cell used for reproduction
meiosis
