Dna And Rna

Question 1

What are dna nucleotides?

Answer 1

Basic units that dna is made of

Question 2

What are dna nucleotides made of?

Answer 2

Nitrogenous base, deoxyribose pentose sugar, and a phosphate

Question 3

What are the bases that dna is made of?

Answer 3

Adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine

Question 4

What reaction do nucleotides join by?

Answer 4

Condensation reaction

Question 5

What bond to nucleotides Join by?

Answer 5

Phopshodiester bond

Question 6

What are 2 nucleotides called?

Answer 6

Dinucleotide

Question 7

What are many nucleotides called?

Answer 7

Polynucleotide

Question 8

Dna is antiparallel what does this mean?

Answer 8

One strand runs 5-3 and one runs 3-5

Question 9

Are base pairings specific?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

What vase pairs with adenine?

Answer 10

Thymine with 2 hydrogen bonds

Question 11

What bade pairs with guanine?

Answer 11

Cytosine with 3 hydrogen bonds

Question 12

How does sugar phosphate backbone help dna structure?

Answer 12

Gives strength

Question 13

How does coiling Of dna help it’s structure?

Answer 13

Gives compact shape

Question 14

How does dna being long help the structure?

Answer 14

Allows storage of large amounts of information

Question 15

What does complementary base pairing allow to happen?

Answer 15

Allows information to be replicated rapidly

Question 16

How does double helix help the structure of dna?

Answer 16

Makes molecule stable

Question 17

How do hydrogen bonds help dna structure?

Answer 17

Bases are held together by hydrogen bonds and many hydrogen bonds provide strength

Question 18

Why is it an advantage that hydrogen bonds break easily?

Answer 18

Allows chains to split for replication

Question 19

What is triplet code?

Answer 19

Each amino acid is coded for 3 bases. Some amino acids have more than one code but the code doesn’t overlap.

Question 20

What are non coding sections of dna called?

Answer 20

Introns

Question 21

How can mutations make non functional proteins?

Answer 21

• Change in dna base
• amino acid sequence is changed
• change in h bonds
• tertiary structure is altered

Question 22

What can mutations mean for substrate complexes?

Answer 22

No enzyme substrate complexes formed

Question 23

What does semi conservative replication mean?

Answer 23

Dna strands separate and hydrogen bonds break. New molecules have one old strand and one new strand

Question 24

What are the stages of dna replication?

Answer 24

• Chains separate and hydrogen bonds are broken
• dna helicase breaks the bonds
• nucleotides line up and complementary bases join to template strand
• dna polymerase joins adjacent nucleotides

Question 25

What are rna nucleotides made of?

Answer 25

Nitrogenous base, ribose pentose sugar, and a phosphate

Question 26

What are the bases in rna?

Answer 26

Adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine

Question 27

What is rna?

Answer 27

Relatively short polynucleotide chain.

Question 28

How is rna adapted to carry out its function?

Answer 28

Stable and single stranded to allow bonding at the ribosome