DNA and RNA Synthesis

Question 1

What is DNA made up of? What makes RNA different?

Answer 1

nucleotides which are one phosphate, one deoxyribose, and one nucleic base. RNA has ribose as its sugar and a different base

Question 2

What are the four bases and which are complementary

Answer 2

Guanine and Cytosine

Adenine and Thymine (or Uracil in RNA)

Question 3

Structure of DNA

Answer 3

An antiparallel and double helix structure with a sugar-phosphate backbone and inward-facing bases

Question 4

Helicase

Answer 4

Unwinds and separates strand of DNA in preparation for replication

Question 5

Primase

Answer 5

Lays down primer to tell DNA polyermase where to star

Question 6

DNA Polymerase

Answer 6

adding bases to the single strands of DNA to make them double strand. Only goes in 5’ -> 3’ direction

Question 7

Ligase

Answer 7

bonds Okazaki fragments and gaps made by replication bubbles

Question 8

Leading Strand

Answer 8

The strand in DNA replication that replicates in one longe piece

Question 9

Lagging Strand

Answer 9

the strand that replicates in pieces due to the prime direction

Question 10

Okazaki Fragments

Answer 10

Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides which are synthesized discontinuously and later linked together

Question 11

Semi Conservative

Answer 11

Uses some old and some new pieces, less likely to have errors

Question 12

Single Stranded binding protiens

Answer 12

hold the dNA strands apart after helicase separates them