DNA and Stuff Review Flashcards
What are the four bases and which do each pair with?
Adenine-Thymine
Cytosine-Guanine
What is a nucleotide?
A subunit of DNA that consists of sugar, phosphate, and a base
What shape did Rosalind show DNA to be. How did she figure this out!
She found it to be a spiral shape.
She used X-ray diffraction
What was Watson and Cricks model like
A long twisted ladder
The sides of the DNA “ladder” are made of
Sugar and phosphate
The rings of the DNA “ladder” are made of
A pair of bases
To be copied, a DNA molecule splits
Down the middle
What is the cell organelle where protein is synthesized
Ribosome
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence that can be harmful, helpful, or make no difference
What is a gene?
A string of nucleotides and that has instructions for a certain trait
Three bases code for one
Amino acid
In what type of mutation is one base left out
Deletion
What is an example of genetic engineering
A tobacco plant with a firefly gene to make it glow
Do genes contain DNA
Yes
Who discovered that the amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine
Erwin Chargaff
What is the first step in making a protein
RNA copies DNA
What is an example of DNA fingerprinting
Using DNA to figure out who committed a crime
What is a mutagen
A physical or chemical agent that can cause a mutation
