DNA Replication Flashcards
(21 cards)
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Who is credited with discovering what DNA looks like
Watson and Crick
Who is known for taking “Image 51”
Rosalind Franklin
What does DNA look like
A double helix/twisted ladder
What are the four bases
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), and Cytosine (C)
What base is paired with Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
What base is paired with Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C)
What are the ‘rungs’ of the ladder made of
Base pairs
What are the base pairs held together by
Weak hydrogen bonds
What are the ‘sides’ of the ladder made of
Phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugars
What is the base unit of a DNA strand
Nucleotide
What are the two types of nucleotides
Purines and pyrimidines
Purines
Double ring, adenine (A) and guanine (G)
Pyrimidines
Single ring, cytosine (C) and thymine (T) [Technically also uracil (U)]
What direction do the two sides face
Anti-parallel, opposite directions
How many bonds are there between adenine (A) and thymine (T)
Two
How many bonds are there between guanine (G) and cytosine (C)
Three
What protein “unzips” the DNA strands
Helicase
What protein attaches new nucleotides and proofreads the new DNA strands
Polymerase
What are the two new DNA strands called
Identical daughter strands
What kind of replication is DNA replication
Semiconservative replication
