DNA Replication Flashcards
Somatic cells
Body cells
Are diploid
Diploid Cells
2 full sets of chromosomes
)
Gametes
Sex cells
Are haploid
Haploid Cells
1 full set of chromosomes
Only one me set is a combination of chromosomes (one from mom and one from dad)
Autosomes
Carry traits that make you who u are you
Sex chromosomes
Carry traits that you who u are and determine you biological sex
Karyotype
Diagram that shows the number and visual appearance of chromosomes in a cell
Sexual reproduction
organisms that reproduce serually (humans) tuse the senelic inbrmation (gametes) tam a
Parents to produceuffspring that are genetic mixture of buth parents
Fertilization
The actual fusion of egg and sperm to form a zygote
Homologous chromosomes
chromosome pairs that have the Same type of genes
-one from mom one from dad
Sister chromatids
2 identical copies of the same chromosomes
Sister chromatids
2 identical copies of the same chromosomes
Purpose of mieosis
Is the process of creating gametes( sex cells that have HALF the normal chromosomes)
Before meiosis
S phase- dna replication
G1 and G2-cell grows and makes proteins
Meiosis 1
Separation of homologous chromosomes
Prophase 1
Nuclear membrane breaks down
Centrioles separate and make spindle fibbers
Homologous chromosomes pair up and become visible
Crossing over
May occur between homologous chromosomes
Sometimes chromosomes can cross over and get tangled
They swap DNA pieces when this happens
