DNA Replication Flashcards
(13 cards)
Why does DNA need to replicate
when a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information (DNA) as the parent cell.
Purpose of DNA replication
Growth and Repair
When does DNA need to be replicated
Before cell division
Overview of DNA replication
the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment.
Topoisomerase enzymes
Breaks, turns, etc the parent DNA ahead of replication fork
Helicase enzymes
Seperates double strand into two single parent strands.
DNA polymerase enzymes
Connects (synthesizes) DNA, and proof reads DNA
Ligase enzymes
Glues fragments of DNA together in order to form new DNA strands
Lagging strand
replicates discontinuously forming short fragments (Okazaki) 5’ to 3’away from replication fork
Leading strand
Replicates continuously. 5’ to 3’ towards replication fork
Replication fork
Where DNA separates into two strands (Think fork in the road)
Parents strand
The original strand coming from replication fork / old strand
In which direction can DNA polymerase add new nucleotides?
5’-3’
