DNA, RNA and Protein synthesis (Part 4)

Question 1

Transcription process

Answer 1

Enzyme unwinds helix
Separates first pair of bases
Enzyme - RNA polymerase attaches complimentary nucleotides to the newly unpaired base on on of the DNA strands
DNA molecule copied - repeated for each base
mRNA strand peels off the DNA molecule to the ribosomes
two DNA strands attach to each other

Question 2

Translation process

Answer 2

Ribosome attaches to the mRNA strand
3 bases code for amino acid
tRNA molecule binds to the mRNA by hydrogen bonding
A peptide bond forms between the two amino acids
The first tRNA molecule detaches from the mRNA strand, leaving the amino acid behind
tRNA molecule re-used
Ribosome detaches and chain of amino acids is released - forms 3 D shape to form protein

Question 3

Codon

Answer 3

Set of three bases on a mRNA strand that codes for a specific amino acid (aka Triplet)