DNA to Protein

Question 1

What did Chargaff discover

Answer 1

Percentage/ratio of adenine = thymine and cytosine = guanine

Question 2

Chargaff’s rule

Answer 2

A pairs with T
C pairs with G

Question 3

What does A stand for

Answer 3

Adenine

Question 4

What does T stand for

Answer 4

Thymine

Question 5

What does G stand for

Answer 5

Guanine

Question 6

What does C stand for

Answer 6

Cytosine

Question 7

Monomer of DNA

Answer 7

Nucleotide

Question 8

3 parts of nucleotide

Answer 8

Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base

Question 9

What is A and T held together with

Answer 9

2 hydrogen bonds

Question 10

What is C and G held together with

Answer 10

3 hydrogen bonds

Question 11

Sides of “DNA ladder”

Answer 11

Sugar-phosphate backbone

Question 12

Structure of DNA

Answer 12

Two strands or double helix (twisted ladder)

Question 13

What does DNA stand for

Answer 13

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 14

How many nitrogen rings do pyrimidines have

Answer 14

One; consists of thymine, cytosine, and uracil (TCU)

Question 15

How many nitrogen rings do purines have

Answer 15

Two; consists of adenine and guanine

Question 16

What are pyrimidine and purine paired by

Answer 16

Hydrogen bonds

Question 17

Who injected mice with two types of bacteria

Answer 17

Griffith

Question 18

When mouse was injected with SMOOTH bacteria

Answer 18

Mouse died

Question 19

When mouse was injected with ROUGH bacteria

Answer 19

Mouse lived

Question 20

What does the bacteria in Griffith’s experiment cause

Answer 20

Pneumonia

Question 21

When mouse was injected with heat-killed S bacteria

Answer 21

Mouse lived

Question 22

What do S bacteria have a coating of that R bacteria doesn’t

Answer 22

Carbohydrates

Question 23

When mouse was injected with heat-killed S bacteria AND live R bacteria

Answer 23

Mouse died

Question 24

Is bacteria a prokaryote or eukaryote

Answer 24

Prokaryote

Question 25

Does bacteria have DNA

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

What is it called when bacteria transfers DNA between each other

Answer 26

Transformation

Question 27

What did Griffith call the mysterious substance

Answer 27

“Transforming principle” (he didn’t know it was DNA”

Question 28

How did Avery take Griffith’s experiment one step farther

Answer 28

By mixing in enzymes

Question 29

What enzymes did Avery include in his experiment

Answer 29

Protease (destroy proteins) RNase (destroy RNA) DNase (destroy DNA)