DNA Viruses 1

Question 1

What are two DNA viruses?

Answer 1

Adenovirus, papillomavirus

Question 2

Where does txn and replication of DNA virus genomes occur? What is the excetion?

Answer 2

Nucleus

Poxvirus

Question 3

What enzyme transcribes the DNA virus mRNA? What is the exception?

Answer 3

host RNA pol

Poxvirus

Question 4

What enzyme replicates a DNA viral genome?

Answer 4

viral OR host DNA pol

Question 5

What are the steps in DNA virus replication?

Answer 5

Recognition of target cell
Attachment
Entry: Penetration or Fusion
Uncoating
Transcription of mRNA (host RNA Pol)
Protein synthesis
Replicate genome (host or viral DNA pol)
Assembly of virions
Egress: lysis, budding, exocytosis

Question 6

How does a DNA virus enter a cell?

Answer 6

Penetration or Fusion

Question 7

How do DNA viruses egress?

Answer 7

lysis, budding, or exocytosis

Question 8

What host machinery recognizes viral promoters?

Answer 8

RNA Pol II and txn factors (X,Y)

Question 9

What to viral txn factors do?

Answer 9

Work WITH host txn factors
also virulence factors
might be essential proteins

Question 10

What is an example of a virus which uses host DNA pol for replication? How is this virus characterized?

Answer 10

Parvovirus

Adeno-assiciated virus 2

Question 11

Do DNA viruses which use host/virus DNA Pol have small/large genomes?

Answer 11

use host - small genome - don’t encode

use own - large genome - encode enzyme

Question 12

What are examples of viruses which encode their own DNA pol?

Answer 12

Herpesvirus

Adenovirus

Question 13

What DNA viruses are the most common causes of disease?

Answer 13

Adenovirus
Papillomavirus
Herpesvirus

Question 14

What respiratory illnesses does the Adenovirus cause?

Answer 14

bad cold with fever
pharyngoconjunctival fever
laryngitis and cough
pneumonia

Question 15

What non-respiratory illnesses does the Adenovirus cause?

Answer 15

Acute hemorrhagic cystitis
Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
Gastroenteritis

Question 16

What is the transmission of the Adenovirus?

Answer 16

aerosol, fecal-oral, objects

poorly chlorinated pools

Question 17

What populations are susceptible to adenovirus?

Answer 17

children

military recruits

Question 18

What are sites of outbreak of the adenovirus?

Answer 18

daycare centers
swim clubs
“boot camp”

Question 19

How does the adenovirus bind to the cell receptor?

Answer 19

fiber protein

Question 20

How does adenovirus enter the cell?

Answer 20

Endocytosis

Question 21

After endocutosis, how does adenovirus get out of the vesicle?

Answer 21

endosome acidification lyses vesicle

Question 22

When and where does adenovirus uncoating happen?

Answer 22

after edosome is lysed, capsid goes to nucleus

DNA genome uncoats through nuclear pore

Question 23

What are the gene expression phases of adenovirus?

Answer 23

Immediate early
Early
late

Question 24

Where does the adenovirus capsid assemble?

Answer 24

nucleus

Question 25

How do adenovirus virions egress?

Answer 25

lysis

Question 26

What is the diagnosis of adenovirus?

Answer 26

culture antigen detection PCR serology

Question 27

What is the treatment of adenovirus?

Answer 27

Only treat dire cases in immunocompromised patients | Cidofovir (but it's nephrotoxic)

Question 28

How is adenovirus prevented? What population receives this?

Answer 28

Vaccine | military personnel

Question 29

What is the most commonly diagnosed STI in the US?

Answer 29

HPV

Question 30

What epithelial diseases does human Papilloma virus cause?

Answer 30

``` Verruca vulgaris (common warts) Verruca planaris (plantar warts) Condyloma acuminata (genital warts) ```

Question 31

What malignancies does human papilloma virus cause?

Answer 31

head and neck cancer cervical cancer penile cancer

Question 32

What is the tissue tropism of HPV? What layer must it reach?

Answer 32

differentiated epithelial cells | basal

Question 33

How does HPV-induced malignancy occur?

Answer 33

oncogene activation

Question 34

How many types of HPV are high risk for cancer?

Answer 34

13

Question 35

What is the diagnosis of HPV?

Answer 35

recommended for genital | DNA test for type

Question 36

What is the treatment for warts?

Answer 36

Excision - cryotherapy (freezing) - chemical ablation (salicylic acid, etc) - colposcopy (minor surgery of cervix)

Question 37

How are HPV malignancies treated?

Answer 37

oncotherapy

Question 38

what is the prevention of HPV?

Answer 38

vaccines - Gardasil (6, 11, 16, 18) - Cervarix (16, 18)

Question 39

How were the vaccines for HPV created?

Answer 39

both are VLP's (virus-like particles) | empty capsid