Doctrine IV - Final

Question 1

Moksha

Answer 1

NOT the same as Christian salvation

The Hindu’s ultimate goal is freedom from samsara (cycle of transmigrations)

Final step: When one renounces all human trappings and discovers the truth within the deepest self, he finds that Atman is Brahman

Four traditional paths

Question 2

Samsara

Answer 2

(cycle of transmigrations)

Question 3

Brahman

Answer 3

Brahman
Ultimate reality
Without qualities
Can not be visualized as He/ She/ It has no qualities.
C.S. Lewis saw Brahman as “Grey Tapioka”.
People worship 3 primary manifestations of Brahman
Brama, Vishnu, & Shiva.

Question 4

Jnana

Answer 4

Reflective: Through knowledge

Question 5

Bhakti

Answer 5

Emotional: through devotion

Question 6

Karma

Answer 6

Active: through work

Question 7

Raja

Answer 7

experimental: through experiment

Question 8

Atman

Answer 8

Atman–The self which is eternal and (in Advaita) identical with Brahman (sacred Power/Divine Being)

Question 9

Vedas

Answer 9

Vedas (= knowledge, wisdom)
Oldest and most sacred scriptures
Four collections including Rig Veda (over 1000 hymns to various gods)

Question 10

Upanishads

Answer 10

Upanishads (philosophical extension of Vedas)

Question 11

Bhagavad-Gita

Answer 11

Bhagavad-Gita
Epic poetry, mythology
Most popular Hindu writing

Question 12

What are the geographic origins of Hinduism?

Answer 12

China, India, Pakistan

Question 13

Buddha

Answer 13

Buddha = the Awakened One

Question 14

Mahayana

Answer 14

Great Raft (ferry)
Stresses grace
Made space for lay people (Buddhism for the people)
Because of the number of people their theology could get to nirvana, they were the Big Raft. Very popular.
Broke into many schools

Question 15

Hinayama

Answer 15

Little Raft (ferry)
Hate the name Hinayana and call themselves Theravada Buddhists
Closer to Buddha’s original message.
In it alone. You build your own ferry and cross the river of life by yourself.
Stayed one school

Question 16

Nirvana

Answer 16

Salvation
“Blowing out” of desire, attachment
Escape from samsara (reincarnation)
The Eight fold path has a presupposition that as Christians we already know but Buddha thought it so evident that he never explicitly names it as a “fold” of the path and that is “Right Association”

Question 17

tripitaka

Answer 17

(three baskets) - First Council produced Pali canon from recitations of Buddha’s teaching; not written down for several centuries

Question 18

suttapitaka

Answer 18

(basket of discourses) - doctrinal teachings

Question 19

vinayapitaka

Answer 19

(basket of discipline) - rules and regulations

Question 20

Lotus Sutra

Answer 20

teaching of Mahayana doctrine

Question 21

Abhidhamma

Answer 21

Abhidhamma - supplement containing reflection on teaching

Question 22

summary of Gautama Siddhartha

Answer 22

Gautama Siddhartha (b. ~ 563 BC)
Royal Indian family (Shakya tribe)
Carefully protected by father
“Awakened” at around age 30: the Middle Path

father had a vision that he would be a great ruler or religious teacher

Question 23

Qur’an

Answer 23

Qur’an
Literal, eternal, uncreated Word of God
Previous revelations (Jewish and Christian Scriptures) had become corrupted
Doctrine of abrogation
Compiled after Muhammad’s death (646-650 CE) from various collections
Muhammad believed it to be his only miracle

Question 24

Hadith

Answer 24

(traditions concerning sayings and life of Muhammad)

Question 25

Biographical info on Muhammed

Answer 25

Went into the Caravan Business at 25 Went into business with a wealthy widow named Khadija. Would later marry her despite her age. First revelation 610 CE, during lunar month of Ramadan (Night of Power) Cave of Harra (or Hira), near Mecca Gabriel dictated text Muhammad was to memorize and preach the text Miraculously transported to Jerusalem, 620 CE Ascended into each of the seven levels of heaven Conversed with Abraham, Moses, Jesus Dome of the Rock built in 691 CE on the site of his ascension (the temple mount)

Question 26

Islamic view of Jesus

Answer 26

Believed that the Christians are in grave error due to deifying Jesus and corrupting the scriptures.

Question 27

5 pillars of Islam

Answer 27

``` Confession (shahada prayer (salat fasting (sawm Giving alms (zakat Pilgrimage (hajj) to mecca ```

Question 28

torah

Answer 28

Torah - five books of Moses

Question 29

Nevi'im

Answer 29

prophets

Question 30

Kethuvim

Answer 30

Kethuvim - writings

Question 31

Mishnah

Answer 31

Mishnah - interpretation

Question 32

Gemara

Answer 32

- narratives, illustration

Question 33

3 main modern expressions of Judaism

Answer 33

Orthodox Judaism - strict adherence to Torah, traditional Jewish customs Reform Judaism - central role of ethical teaching, but traditional customs not binding; interpretation of Torah influenced by history and cultural changes Conservative Judaism - a middle ground; maintain strong Jewish identify with accommodation

Question 34

Church according to HOD

Answer 34

“The Church is the fellowship of all who are justified and sanctified by grace through faith in Christ” (The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine, 2010, p. 247).

Question 35

3 biblical images of the church

Answer 35

The People of God The Body of Christ The temple of the Holy Spirit

Question 36

3 forms of church government

Answer 36

``` Episcopal Authority resides in the bishop Number of levels of bishops varies Powers of the bishop Ordination of ministers Pastoral placement Preserving true faith, order through discipline ``` Presbyterian Authority delegated by believers to elders, who represent them Series of governing assemblies, which include both clergy and laity Local assembly chooses its own pastor; confirmed at next level Regional administrators elected for a limited term of service Congregational Autonomy - local congregation independent and self-governing Democracy - every member of congregation has a voice in its affairs Each congregation calls its own pastor, sets its own budget, purchases and owns its own property

Question 37

According to Acts 2:42 and Oden, what are the essential elements of the Church

Answer 37

apostolic doctrine community life sacramental communion common worship

Question 38

According to Ravi Zacharias, what must every world view give an account for?

Answer 38

Origin Meaning Morality Destiny