Dog/Cat A&P Recap

Question 1

State the dental formula of the dog

Answer 1

I 3/3 C 1/1 PM 4/4 M 2/3 = 42

Question 2

State the dental formula of the cat

Answer 2

I 3/3 C 1/1 PM 3/2 M 1/1 = 30

Question 3

Describe the teeth and mouth of cats and dogs

Answer 3

Both have carnassials for shearing
Cats have very sharp teeth
Mobile tongue for mastication
Cat tongue covered in papillae
Dog chews more than cat
Upper lip split by philtrum
Parotid gland secretes digestive amylase into saliva and digestion begins in the mouth

Question 4

Describe the digestive system

Answer 4

Oesophagus - muscular, peristalsis, stratified squamous epithelium
Stomach - simple, C-shaped, mixes and stores ingested food.
Small intestine - D,J,I. main site for digestion and nutrient absorption
Pancreas lies in U of duodenum
Liver has 4 lobes
Vestigial caecum - no significant function
Large Intestine - site of water reabsorption
Colon, Rectum and Anus

Question 5

State Respiratory Anatomy in order

Answer 5

Nares- nasal cavity - turbinate bones - pharynx - larynx - trachea (C-shaped rings)- bronchi (complete rings) - bronchioles (no rings) - alveoli (dead-end sacs)

Question 6

Describe lungs

Answer 6

Right- 4 lobes
Left - 3 lobes
Cranial, Cardiac, Diaphragmatic (and accessory)

Question 7

Describe respiration

Answer 7

Diaphragm and intercostal muscles play role
Controlled by centres in brain.
Expiration is mostly passive

Question 8

Describe reproduction in males

Answer 8

Scrotum houses 2 testes outside body
2 epididymis, 2 vas deferens, joins with urethra - penis.
Dogs have os penis running dorsal to urethra
Cats have a vestigial urethra running ventral to urethra
Cats have bulbourethral gland
Cat penis is shorter, points backwards and has barbs

Question 9

Describe reproduction in females

Answer 9

2 ovaries, 2 infundibulum, 2 oviducts, 2 uterine horns, uterine body, cervix, vagina, vestibule (joins with urethral opening), vulva

Fertilisation occurs in infundibulum
Dogs are spontaneous ovulators; cats are induced ovulators. Both are multiparous.

Question 10

How many vertebrae do they have?

Answer 10

C7 T13 L7 S3 (fused) C20-23 (depends on species)

Question 11

Describe dog and cat skeleton key features

Answer 11

Mandible has 2 halves joined at mandibular symphysis.
Mandible joined to skull at temporomandibular joint.
Skull has 2 occipital condyles
Sternum present