Domain 1

Question 1

What is the Nervous system?

Answer 1

B. A communication network within the body

Question 2

What is the central nervous system?

Answer 2

A.Brain and spinal cord; coordinates activity of the body

Question 3

What is the Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 3

C. Nerves connecting the CNS to the rest of the body and environment

Question 4

What is a Neuron?

Answer 4

C. Functional unit of the nervous system

Question 5

Joint Receptors respond to?

Answer 5

Respond to pressure,acceleration and deceleration of the joints

Question 6

Golgi tendon organs do what (GTO) ?

Answer 6

Sense changes in muscular tension.

Question 7

Muscle spindles?

Answer 7

Sense changes in muscle length.

Question 8

What do tendons do?

Answer 8

Connect muscle to bone; provide anchor for muscles to produce force.

Question 9

Kinesiology?

Answer 9

The study of human movement

how does the body move

Question 10

Biomechanics?

Answer 10

The study of how forces affect a living body

1st Example: External forces can be weight lifting,
Or wind resistance while swimming.

2nd Example: Internal when you take a deep breath e it creates an internal force.

Question 11

What are the top 10 Anatomic locations ?

Answer 11

Superior - above a point of reference.( above the head)

Inferior - below a point of reference.

Proximal- nearest to a point of reference. (closer to the center of the body shoulder area)

Distal - farthest from a point of reference. (wrist)

Anterior - front of the body. (chest,shoulders, anterior deltoids,chins & quads)

Posterior- back of the body. (Hamstrings,lats,gluteus maximus & triceps)

Medial- closer to the middle of the body. (Pecks)

Lateral-farther from the middle of the body.

Contralateral- on the opposite side of the body.

Ipsilateral- on the same side of the body.

Question 12

Anatomic position?

Answer 12

Standing straight with the palms facing forward

Question 13

What is fascia?

Answer 13

A. Outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle

Question 14

What are fascicles?

Answer 14

A. Bundle of individual muscle fibers.

Question 15

What is a motor unit?

Answer 15

B. One motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with.

Question 16

What is Neural activation?

A. Chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle

B. Contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation.

C. One motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with.

Answer 16

B. Contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation.

Question 17

What are neurotransmitters?

A. Chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle.

B. Contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation.

C. One motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with

Answer 17

A. Chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle

Question 18

What does the Cardiovascular System consist of?

Answer 18

Heart,blood and blood vessels

Question 19

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 19

Shorter,more tightly connected than skeletal muscle; involuntary.

Question 20

Atria

Answer 20

Smaller superior chambers of the heart; receive blood from veins

Question 21

Right atrium

Answer 21

Gathers deoxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 21

Right atrium

Answer 21

Gathers deoxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 22

Left atrium

Answer 22

Gathers oxygenated blood from the lungs.

Question 23

Ventricles

Answer 23

Larger inferior chambers of the heart pump blood out

Question 24

Right Ventricle

Answer 24

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 25

Left ventricle

Answer 25

Pumps oxygenated blood to lungs

Question 26

Arteries

Answer 26

Carry blood away from the heart

Question 27

Veins

Answer 27

Transport blood back to the heart

Question 28

Arterioles

Answer 28

small branches of arteries end in capillaries

Question 29

Capillaries

Answer 29

Smallest blood vessels; site of gas,chemical, and water exchange

Question 30

Which of the following is made up of the upper and lower extremities as well as the shoulder and pelvic girdles and encompasses approximately 126 bones?

Answer 30

Appendicular

Question 31

Within what range is the typical resting heart rate of a human being?

Answer 31

70 and 80 bpm

Question 32

Oxidative system primarily used?

Answer 32

Aerobic glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport chain Long term energy

Question 33

What are sensitive to changes in tension and the rate of that change, protecting a muscle from possible injury?

Answer 33

Golgi tendon organs

Question 34

Glycolysis

Answer 34

Anaerobic Moderate to high intensity Up to 30-50 seconds

Question 35

ATP-PC

Answer 35

Anaerobic High-intensity Lasts 10-15 seconds

Question 36

Which of the following consists of a series of irregularly shaped bones divided into five different categories depending on where they are located in the backbone? a. Medullar cavity b. Articular cartilage c. Vertebral column  d. Epiphyseal plate

Answer 36

c. Vertebral column 

Question 37

Which of the following represents the pressure within the arterial system when the heart is resting and filling with blood? a. Systolic b. Diastolic c. Distal  d. Medial

Answer 37

Diastolic

Question 38

What term refers to a bending movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments decreases? a. Evulsion b. Eversion c. Flexion  d. Abduction

Answer 38

Flexion

Question 39

In which plane of motion does a hammer curl occur? a. Transverse b. Frontal c. Anterior-posterior d. Sagittal 

Answer 39

Sagittal

Question 40

The body's ability to differentiate between walking on concrete and walking on sand is an example of which of the following functions of the nervous system? a. Motor b. Integrative c. Sensory  d. Arthrokinematic

Answer 40

Sensory

Question 41

Which mechanoreceptor helps prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast? a. Muscle spindle  b. Ruffini endings c. Golgi tendon organ d. Intercalated disc

Answer 41

Muscle spindle

Question 42

Which gland produces the hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help prepare the body for activity and for the fight or flight response? a. Pituitary b. Apocrine c. Thyroid  d. Adrenal

Answer 42

Adrenal

Question 43

Reactive training improves neuromuscular efficiency and improves the range of speed set by which of the following systems? a. Sympathetic nervous system b. Central nervous system  c. Autonomic nervous system d. Enteric nervous system

Answer 43

Central nervous system 

Question 44

Where is the sternum in relation to the shoulder? a. Lateral b. Medial  c. Superior d. Contralateral

Answer 44

Medial

Question 45

Which of the following is true of skeletal muscle? a. It is composed of intercalated discs.  b. It is a voluntary muscle. c. Skeletal muscle fibers are shorter than cardiac muscle fibers. d. Skeletal muscle fibers are more tightly connected than cardiac muscle fibers.

Answer 45

It is a voluntary muscle.

Question 46

The force-velocity curve describes the relationship between which of the following? a. Mass and volume b. Muscle force and the velocity of contraction  c. Torque production and inertia d. Work and energy production

Answer 46

Muscle force and the velocity of contraction 

Question 47

What are the muscles of the global stabilization system primarily responsible for? a. Enhancing pelvic floor function and diaphragmatic breathing  b. Intravertebral stability from vertebra to vertebra c. Transferring loads between the upper and lower extremities d. Concentric force production of the thoracic and cervical spine

Answer 47

Transferring loads between the upper and lower extremities

Question 48

Which muscle is responsible for concentrically accelerating plantar flexion? a. Bicep femoris b. Anterior tibialis  c. Semitendinosis d. Gastrocnemius

Answer 48

Gastrocnemius

Question 49

Internal rotation refers to the rotation of a joint in which of the following directions? a. Toward the upper extremity b. Away from the middle  c. Away from the right half d. Toward the middle

Answer 49

Toward the middle

Question 50

What are Venules?

Answer 50

Very small veins; connect capillaries to larger veins.

Question 51

What is a stroke volume?

Answer 51

The amount of blood pumped with each contraction.

Question 52

What is Cardiac output?

Answer 52

Volume of blood pumped per minute; heart rate x stroke volume.

Question 53

What is the respiratory system?

Answer 53

Lungs and respiratory passageways; brings in oxygen,removes CO2

Question 54

Bioenergetics

Answer 54

Study of energy in the human body.

Question 55

Metabolism

Answer 55

Process in which nutrients are acquired, transported,used, and disposed of by the body

Question 56

Aerobic a. Without oxygen. b. Study of energy in the human body. c. Requires oxygen

Answer 56

Requires oxygen

Question 57

Anaerobic a. Without oxygen. b. Requires oxygen c. Study of energy in the human body.

Answer 57

Without oxygen.

Question 58

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) a. Requires oxygen b. Without oxygen c. Energy storage and transfer unit within cells.

Answer 58

Energy storage and transfer unit within cells.

Question 59

Anaerobic threshold a. Energy storage and transfer unit within cells. b. Where the body can no longer produce enough energy with normal oxygen intake. c. Requires oxygen

Answer 59

Where the body can no longer produce enough energy with normal oxygen intake.

Question 60

Excess post oxygen consumption (EPOC) a. Elevation of metabolism after exercise. b. Where the body can no longer produce enough energy with normal oxygen intake. c. Energy storage and transfer unit within cells.

Answer 60

Elevation of metabolism after exercise.

Question 61

Biomechanics

Answer 61

Science concerned with internal and external forces acting on the body.

Question 62

Functional biomechanics Force?

Answer 62

Influence applied by one object to another ,accelerates or decelerates the second object.

Question 63

Functional biomechanics Torque

Answer 63

A force that produces rotation.

Question 64

Functional biomechanics Lever?

Answer 64

Rigid "bar" that rotates around a stationary fulcrum.

Question 65

What is the frontal plane examples?

Answer 65

Side lateral raise,side lunge,side shuffle

Question 66

What is the sagittal plane examples?

Answer 66

Bicep curl,triceps push down,squat

Question 67

What is the transverse plane examples?

Answer 67

Throwing golfing ,swinging a bat,trunk rotation. | Rotation horizontal adduction/abduction

Question 68

Flexion

Answer 68

Bending movement decreases relative angle between segments

Question 69

Extension

Answer 69

Strengthening movement increases relative angle between segments

Question 70

Plantarflexion

Answer 70

Extension at the ankle

Question 71

Dorsiflexion

Answer 71

Flexion of the ankle

Question 72

Abduction

Answer 72

Movement in frontal plane away from the middle

Question 73

Adduction

Answer 73

Movement in frontal plane towards the middle

Question 74

Horizontal abduction

Answer 74

Transverse plane arm movement from anterior to lateral (chest flies)

Question 75

Horizontal adduction

Answer 75

Transverse plane arm movement from lateral to anterior

Question 76

Internal rotation

Answer 76

Rotation toward the middle of the body

Question 77

External rotation

Answer 77

Rotation away from the middle of the body

Question 78

What is Concentric?

Answer 78

Moving in opposite direction of force, accelerates or produces force muscle shortens. Example bicep curl,thigh to shoulder shortens the muscle.

Question 79

What is Eccentric?

Answer 79

Muscle develops tension while lengthening decelerate force. Example: shoulder to thigh decelerates

Question 80

What is Isometric?

Answer 80

Muscular force equal to resistive force stabilizes force; no change in muscle length. Example: doing planks

Question 81

How many calories does 1g of protein have?

Answer 81

4 calories per gram

Question 82

What are the 5 phases of the OPT Model?

Answer 82

Phase 1 Stabilization Endurance Phase 2 Strength Endurance Phase 3 Hypertrophy Phase 4 Maximum Strength Phase 5 Power

Question 83

How many calories does 1 gram of Carbohydrates have?

Answer 83

4 calories per gram

Question 84

How much water should be consumed for a sedentary adults?

Answer 84

3 liters per day for men & 2.2 liters. Per day for women

Question 85

What is creatine?

Answer 85

Made in the body can increase muscle mass,strength, anaerobic performance during exercise.