Domain 3 Flashcards by Lauren Cadillac

Suggests that all people have three needs, the need to achieve need for power and need for affiliation

McClellans achievement , power, affiliation theory

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Two factor theory. Motivation and maintenance approach. maintenance factors service as satisfiers and dissatisfiers.

Harzbergs two factor theory

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Attitude of the manager toward employees has an impact on job performance based on managers assumptions as to how employees view work

MacGregor

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People inherently dislike work and will avoid it if possible authoritarian workcenter workers prefer to be controlled and directed by pressure motivation Through fear negative autocratic

Theory x

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Work is as natural as play or rest management should arrange conditions so workers can achieve goals by directing own efforts positive participative

Theory y

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Western electric; Elton Mayo; if you involve people in the process they become more productive the placebo effect special attention improves behavior

Hawthorne studies

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Rewards service motivators only under certain circumstances; Employees must believe that effective performance leads to certain rewards and that the rewards offered are attractive to them

Expectancy theory-Beer, Vroom

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Focuses on leaders effects on employees motivation to perform; motivation to behave in a particular manner is the result of an expectation that a behavior will result in a particular goal and how strongly a person desires the goal; Based on the expectancy theory

Path goal theory-Evans, House

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Leadership style-Demands obedience must control makes most decision

Autocratic

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Leadership style-Asks for input but makes the final decision alone

Consultative

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Leadership style-By the book follows procedures to the letter

Bureaucratic

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Leadership style-Emerging trend in management. Encourage workers to participate in decision-making uses quality circles small groups of employees who meet regularly to identify and solve problems. Increased productivity quality

Participative-try to be

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Leadership style-Laissez fair, least control

Free rein

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Who created the leadership grid?

Blake, Mouton, McCanse

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Leadership grid top right

Team management high concern for people and production most desirable

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Top left leadership grid

Country club management employee centered seeking approval and acceptance friendly atmosphere

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Leadership grid bottom left

Impoverished management minimum effort to get work done desire to hang on

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Leadership grid bottom right

Authority obedience concerned with the task management domination mastery control people are commodities like machines

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Leadership grid middle

Middle-of-the-road management

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Promote someone to a level of incompetence

Peter principle

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Management of conflict four basic systems of organizational leadership

Likert

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Each is accountable to only one superiod

Scalar principle

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The value of the company is the people. Everyone who will be affected by a decision is involved in making the decision consensus decision-making

Theory z-Ouchi

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Theory Z is part of what management approach?

Human relations (behavioral) theory

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A system is organized whole composed of interdependent parts

Systems approach

Response to external environment methods that are highly effective in one situation may not work in another results differ because situations differ

Contingency or situational leadership-Fiedler

Work centered, workers must work at fastest pace possible and at maximum efficiency, Find the best way of performing tasks focus on physical aspects of the job not human aspects

Scientific management-Taylor

Type of democratic management that provides control from within. Establish performance goals with employees; participative leadership

Management by objectives;MBO-Drucker

Clarifies roles and responsibilities uses rewards and punishments to achieve goals. Engage in bargaining relationship with their followers

Transactional leader

Agents of change; Inspire followers to become motivated to work towards organizational goals rather than personal gain builds on and extends transactional leadership cultivation of employee acceptance of the group mission. Leaders and followers raise one another to a higher level of motivation and morality

Transformational leadership

Type of leadership that leads to low staff turnover increased morale and team spirit

Transformational leadership

Managers serve as catalyst for change.

Organizational change theory

Functions of management

Plan organize direct control evaluate

Meals per labor hour in acute-care conventional setting

3.5

Meals per labor hour in an extended care facility

Meals per labor hour in a cafeteria

5.5

Meals per labor hour in school food service

13-15

Reduce motions and time required

Motion economy

Scale drawing showing path of the worker during a process

Pathway chart or flow diagram

Movement of hands reduces transportation and re-plan work areas

Operation charts

Steps involved in process using symbols

Process chart

Efficiency of equipment placement, studies work motions shows number of movements between pieces of equipment

Cross charts

Skills-Understanding of and proficiency in a specific kind of activity most important lower levels of management

Technical skills

Skills-Ability to work effectively as a group member with people important at all levels but inherited at lower levels of management

Human skills

Skills-Ability to see organization as a whole importance increases at higher ranks of management

Conceptual

More structured and controlled than ordinary brainstorming group. Has authoritative leader controlled interactions closely focused goals rigid enforced procedures responses strictly controlled by a leader, Round Robin reporting leader records ideas group ranks items in priority order

Nominal group technique-Delbeq

Designed to probe expert reminds in a series of written interviews from which some consensus is sought , participants do not meet

Delphi technique

Illustrate the relative importance of problems. Work on the tallest bar or problem that occurs most frequently, 8020 rule 80% of a given outcome results from 20% of an input

Pareto charts

Forcing smoothing avoidance resolve conflict by majority vote Are conflict resolution methods that are

Dominance and suppression

Resolving conflict by a middle ground

Compromise conflict resolution

Conflict is converted into a joint problem-solving situation parties openly try to find a solution they can all accept

Integrative problem solving (conflict resolution method)

Describes in general terms a competent level of nutrition care practice as shown by the NCP

Standards of practice

Describes a comment level of behavior in the professional role six domains of professionalism. Provision of services, Application of research, Communication and application of knowledge, Utilization management of resources, Quality in practice, Competency and accountability

Standards of professional performance SOPP

May introduce and enact a law and can override a veto by the executive branch

The legislative branch (Congress senators representatives)

May veto legislation or sign it into law

The executive branch

May discard a law if it considers it in violation of a person's basic rights and freedoms

The judiciary

Differences between the two houses are worked out in a...

Joint House-Senate conference committee

Regulates content of food ads enforces truth in labeling challenges product claims I'm proud across the state lines

FTC. Federal Trade Commission

Ensure safety of some domestic and imported food products nutrient composition of labels

FDA

Licenses radio and TV

Federal Communications Commission-FCC

Aggressive form of action plead cause of a group

Advocacy

Activities aimed at influencing public officials and legislators

Lobbying

Guaranteed right to organize and join labor unions. Pro labor. Gave union the right to be bargaining agent created the National Labor Relations Board

National Labor Relations act - Wagner act 1935

Balanced powers of labor and management amended Wagner act , pro management

Taft Harley labor act-Labor-management relations act 1947

Bill of Rights for union members regulate internal union affairs

Landrum-griffin. Labor-management reporting and disclosure act 1959

Reflects required skills and responsibilities. Matches applicants to job, Orientation & training, Employee appraisal

Job description

Duties involved conditions qualifications written for each job

Job specification

What to do and how to do it no time limits

Job breakdown

More similar tasks to alleviate boredom

Job enlargement

Payment required by law to ensure income in the event of unemployment injury or death

Statutory benefits

Must join the union after being hired

Union shop

Can join a union or not

Open shop

Must be member of the union first before hiring

Close shop

Are illegal in public employment government job

Union and closed shops

Steps of collective-bargaining

Bargaining mediation arbitration

Court order to prevent someone from doing something. Management must be present at bargaining session. Before changing the policy can be made it requires that 50% of the Union voting plus one are in favor of the change

Injunction

Appraisal-Ray everyone higher than they deserve

Leniency of error

Appraisal-Rate everyone is average

Error of central tendency

Projects revenues and expenses showing inflow and output of cash over time. Purpose is to determine if funds will be available when needed

Cash budget. Cash flow budget

Uses existing budget as a base and projects changes for the ensuing year in relation to the current budget. Usually begins with this year's expenses plus an inflation factor. Control oriented prepared at one level of sales or revenue

Traditional(Incremental)

Not this year's expenses plus an inflation factor begin at zero must justify expenses. Example PPBS-Planning programming budgeting system. Planning oriented

Zero-based budget

Prepared at one level of sales or revenue

Fixed budget

Adjusted to various levels of operation with varying levels of sales revenues throughout the year

Flexible budget

Details what it cost to perform activity

Performance budget

Examples of semi variable costs

Labor maintenance utilities

Already incurred and cannot be recouped by a new decision or alternative; costs involved in studying merits of new computer

Sunk costs

Amount of increase or decrease in cost when you compare alternate choices. Difference in cost between two delivery system

Differential costs

Assets =

Liabilities + capital (Equity)

Assesses ability to meet short-term debt

Liquidity ratios

Equation for inventory turnover rate

Cost of sales(Food cost)/Average inventory cost

Food cost percentage equals

Daily food cost/Daily income

Food cost equals

Food purchases plus foods removed from inventory OR BEGINNING INVENTORY MINUS ENDING INVENTORY PLUS FOOD PURCHASES

Profit margin=

Net profit (profit after all expenses have been paid)/Sales dollars( Revenue)

Cost of the raw food and beverage sold what you are selling

Cost of sales

Profit shown after all expenses have been deducted from sales

Net profit

Profit shown after deducting raw food and beverage (costs of sales) from sales (revenue)

Gross profit

Process of investigating all aspects of a service with the goal of discovering and eliminating unnecessary costs without interfering with the effectiveness of the service

Value analysis

Use of marketing principles to advance a social cause idea or behavior

Social marketing

Filling customers needs or desires

Business marketing

Break even point equals

Fixed Costs (FC)/selling price(SP)-variable cost (VC) FC/SP-VC

BE in sales volume =

FC/[1-(VC/sales)]

Markup factor equals

100/Food cost percentage

Selling price=

Markup factor times x raw food cost

The cost of ___ may be added to food cost to cover unproductive costs such as losses in preparation cooking serving unavoidable waste

10%

If the food cost percentages 30 and the raw food cost of the item is $.18 what is the selling price using the factor method?

100/30=3.3(Markup factor) 3.3 x 1.8= $.59 selling price Is including hidden costs 3.3 x (.18 + .018) = $.65 Selling price

Considers raw food cost and direct labor cost involved in making the item

Prime cost method

Prime cost=

Raw food cost + direct labor cost

Items priced lower to drop people in in the hope that they will purchase other items at normal markups

Loss leaders

Cost of profit pricing. Price the product to ensure a predetermined percentage of profit. To determine the target food cost percentage.....

Add up all of the costs (including profit cost) as percentages Subtract the total from 100.

Selling price equals

Total food cost/ Desired food cost percentage

Formal study that retrospectively monitors performance

Audit

Three elements of total quality management

Customers/clients, culture, Counting(Measurement of what constitutes a high-quality service or product and what needs improvement)

Problem-solving technique for implementing TQM

PDCA (Plan do check act) or PDSA ( Plan do study act)

Emphasizes organization and systems rather than individuals. Ideal that systems and performance can always improve. Uses outcome assessment

Continuous quality improvement. Integral part of TQM

Characteristics of criteria

Rumba(Reasonable understandable measurable behavioral achievable)

Rate based indicator have thresholds between

1-99%

Serious event that requires further investigation each time it occurs undesirable but avoidable events

Sentinel event indicator

Level at which a stimulus is strong enough to signal need to respond ; Then begin process to determine why threshold was crossed

Thresholds for evaluation (% #s)

Selling price=

Prime cost x Price factor (markup factor)

Domain 3 Flashcards

(119 cards)