Domain 3 - Investigations

Question 1

What is defalcation?

Answer 1

Embezzlemnet, The failure to properly account for money held in a fiduciary capacity.

Question 2

What are operational investigation managers responsible for?

Answer 2

case load, team, supplies, evidence management

Question 3

What are case investigation managers responsible for?

Answer 3

particular investigators, investigative techniques

Question 4

What are the 4 key investigation management areas?

Answer 4

Investigative functions
Investigative Resources
Unit Management
Case Management

Question 5

What is link analysis?

Answer 5

graphicall and logically portrays interconnections among people, places, and activities to reveal patterns and other useful information

Question 6

What is the benefit of an intelligence fusion center

Answer 6

information is received from a broader range of sources and analyzed from a broader set of perspectives (it’s a multijuridictional law enforcement task force)

Question 7

How often are progress reports typically submitted for investigations

Answer 7

every 30 days

Question 8

What are the components of an investigation report

Answer 8

administrative, summary, narrative, conlusions (if fairly represent details of report), and enclosures (statements, logs, photos, etc)

Question 9

Are investigative reports actionable for defamation and why/why not?

Answer 9

no, they are typically granted qualified priviledge if properly controlled (only give to attorney of record)

Question 10

What is indirect evidence?

Answer 10

cirucmstantial and hearsay

Question 11

What does Res Gestae mean (literally and definition)? What are 3 examples?

Answer 11

“Things done”, an exception to rule that hearsay evidence is inadmissable based on belief that because certain statements are made naturally, spontaneously, and without deliberation during the course of an event, they leave little room for misunderstanding/misinterpretation upon hearing by someone else.
- Words or phrases that either form part of or explain a physical act
- Exclamations that are so spontaneous as to belie concoction
- Statements that are evidence as to someone’s state of mind

Question 12

What are 6 types of evidence?

Answer 12

Corpus delicti
Associative evidence
Identifying evidence
tracing evidence
trace evidence
impression evidence

Question 13

This type of evidence links a suspect with the scene of a crime, such as fingerprints or DNA

Answer 13

Associative Evidence

Question 14

This type of evidence assists in the possible identification and location of a suspect, such as a credit card receipt or a tag on a piece of clothing

Answer 14

tracing evidence

Question 15

This type of evidence includes firearms, tool marks, bite impressions, and footprints

Answer 15

impression evidence

Question 16

This type of evidence proves a crime has been committed (such as the body at a homicide scene)

Answer 16

corpus delicti

Question 17

This type of evidence includes fibers, paints, dyes, glass, and similar elements that will undergo examination at a crime lab

Answer 17

trace evidence

Question 18

This type of evidence us associative evidence that establishes the identity of a suspect such as fingerprints, bite impressions, or blood found on the scene

Answer 18

identifying evidence

Question 19

What are sketches when investigating a crime scene?

Answer 19

location/conditions/distance/size relationships; including dimensions of rooms, furnityre, doors, and windows; distances between objects/exits; measurements of location of evidence, referencing two unmovable items; key/compass orientation/scale, etc

Question 20

What is a narrative when investigating a crime scene?

Answer 20

running description of incident scene, evidence not collected at this time (must include identity/assignments of team, date/time/location, weather/lighting, condition and position of evidence)

Question 21

What are the roles for evidence search

Answer 21

Person in charge (narrative and final scene decisions)
photographer
sketch preparer
evidence recorder
scene supervisor (coordinates with executives/departments, andything that involves coordination not fully containes at scene, provides equipment for search personnel)

Question 22

What is the first step when investigating a crime scene

Answer 22

secure the scene

Question 23

What is the theft triangle

Answer 23

the reasons why people steal (need all 3): desire (need or want), motive (rationalization), and opportunity

Question 24

What is the youth and work hypothesis that explains employee theft?

Answer 24

young people are less trustworthy

Question 25

What is the social control hypothesis that explains employee theft?

Answer 25

believe little threat of detection or punishment

Question 26

What are two white collar crime theories (names and descriptions)

Answer 26

Sutherland's Association theory - criminal behavior of individual correlated with association with a criminal environment Cressey's nonshareable need theory - individual has the perception of a nonshareable financial problem that can be resolved by violating their position of trust

Question 27

What is skimming?

Answer 27

eliminating cash receipts

Question 28

What is lapping?

Answer 28

pocketing small amounts from incoming invoice payments and then applying subsequent payment to cover the missing cash from the previous invoice and so on

Question 29

What is kiting?

Answer 29

any sort of fraud that involves drawing out money from a bank account that does not have sufficient funds to cover the check

Question 30

what is conversion?

Answer 30

the receiving of money or property and fraudulently withholding or applying it for one's own use

Question 31

What are the 5 layers of maslow's needs?

Answer 31

physiological/survival (food/drink/health) safety or physical and emotional (clothing/shelter) Affection (family/small group) Esteem Self-fulfillment

Question 32

What is floating point strategy

Answer 32

continuously reevaluating a hypothesis as information is obtained

Question 33

what is an interviewees perception?

Answer 33

interviewee’s corrected visual acuity, available light, and distance to the event or document in question.

Question 34

What nonverbal activites suggest deception?

Answer 34

abrupt, significant posture change grooming gestures/cosmetic ajustments/wringing or rubbing hands/touching back of head, ears, nose, or lips/chewing nails/tapping, swinging, or arching feet/rearranging clothing or jewlery/dusting or picking lint from clothes/ adjusting or cleaning glasses supportive gestures - hand over mouth or eyes while speaking, crossing arms or legs, hiding hand or feet, holding forehead with hand, hands under or between legs

Question 35

What is a Behavior Analysis Interview?

Answer 35

a systematic evaluation of a subject’s verbal and nonverbal behavior during the course of a structured interview in which both investigative and behavior-provoking questions are asked

Question 36

What are 5 types of questions in a Behavior Analysis Interview

Answer 36

Purpose question - understanding of pupose of interview "You" question - did you do it knowledge question - do you know for sure who did it? Suspicion question - who do you suspect did it? Trust question - anyone who should be eliminated as a suspect

Question 37

What is the Reid Method

Answer 37

the most common/effective process for a confrontational interview, 9 steps to persuade a deceptive subject to tell the truth

Question 38

What are the 9 steps of the Reid Method

Answer 38

1 - Postive Confrontation (greet, accuse, then transition to sympathetic/understanding) 2 - Theme Development (present moral justification, done as monologue) 3 - Handling Denials (interject to prevent denial which makes it harder to change story later, guilding shifts to offense) 4 - Overcoming objections (don't argue or show surprise or irritation, trait objects - not that kind of person vs factual objections - i don't need the money) 5 - Keeping a subject's attention (don't let them concentrate on punishment, draw them nearer to you) 6 - Handling a subject's passive mood (concentrate on psychological justification when subject cries/becomes despondent, give gestures of sympathy) 7 - Presenting an Alternative Question (either/or, gives 2 incriminating options based on assumption of guilt) 8 - Having the subject relate details (give statement of reinformcment, obtain brief oral review to corroborate guilt 9 - Converting an oral confession (signed statement or recording of subject confessing)

Question 39

What are three suspect interviewing techniques in addition to Reid Method and BAI

Answer 39

The PEACE Model WZ Non-Confrontational Method The Kinesic Interview

Question 40

Which interview technique is described - a structured, conversational approach that results in fewer denials and objections and eliminates conflict in the interview. The interview begins by building credibility with an introductory statement, builds rapport with the subject by rationalizing the motives behind the event, and encourages truth telling

Answer 40

WZ Non-Confrontational Method

Question 41

Which interview technique is described - assesses whether a subject is telling the truth via the subject’s reaction to stress. Often combined with other techniques, it employs hypothetical questions, such as soliciting the subject’s opinion on the eventual punishment for the crime in question. Investigators analyze the verbal and nonverbal responses to evaluate the subject’s truthfulness.

Answer 41

The Kinesic Interview

Question 42

Which interview technique is described - Preparation and Planning, Engage and Explain, Account, Closure, Evaluate (designed to reduce the number of false confessions - focus on fact finding rather than a confession)

Answer 42

The PEACE model

Question 43

what is duces tecum

Answer 43

a legal term, if enacted, both sides must produce all tangible evidence

Question 44

what are interrogatories

Answer 44

written questions that will be asked in court

Question 45

what are bench trials?

Answer 45

those without a jury

Question 46

what type of witness can give opinion

Answer 46

expert witness (not fact witnesses)

Question 47

in criminal courts, how is the verdict determined?

Answer 47

prosecutor must prove the case beyond a reasonable doubt

Question 48

in civil courts, how is the verdict determined?

Answer 48

a preponderance of evidence (more needed for prosecution than employee discipline)

Question 49

What are six ways public sector investigations differ from private sector

Answer 49

powers of arrest, search and seizure, testimony, prosecution, due process, and consequences

Question 50

What was adopted by the UN in 2003, made whistleblower protection part of international law?

Answer 50

The Convention Against Corruption

Question 51

What is the suspense log

Answer 51

a list of due dates for reports, status checks, investigative leads, and other milestones in the investigation

Question 52

what is operational security

Answer 52

not OPSEC (operations security); the totality of all security and planning measures employed to ensure a successful outcome for a particular operation or activity as well as the safety of the investigators involved (cover stories, backstopping, communications protocols, agent infiltration plans, countersurveillance, covert meet security, the use of carding, and technical monitoring); used for special activities such as undercover or sting

Question 53

what is backstopping

Answer 53

actions taken to support covers or contrived identities (in undercover investigation)

Question 54

what is carding

Answer 54

practice of keeping data about sources of information (in undercover investigation)

Question 55

what are the principal characteristics of interal theft

Answer 55

diversion, conversion, disguise, and divergence

Question 56

what is “Occurrence” based insurance

Answer 56

protection is provided regardless of when the claim is made

Question 57

What is “Claims-made” based insurance

Answer 57

protection is only provided during the duration of the policy

Question 58

what is cognitive consistency

Answer 58

breaking the law in one way makes it easier psychologically for someone to break the law another way

Question 59

% of employers conduct background screening, some before and some during employment

Answer 59

96%

Question 60

% of people over 26 that used drugs in the last year

Answer 60

20%

Question 61

% of people 18-25 that used drugs in the last year

Answer 61

42%

Question 62

what is the standard of proof necessary to refuse to hire a candidate based on background screening

Answer 62

good faith

Question 63

what is photogrammetry

Answer 63

to derive dimensions used photographic images

Question 64

what should you not do when reviewing original video that is evidence

Answer 64

do not press pause

Question 65

what are two names for tesimonial evidence given in court

Answer 65

parol or spoken word

Question 66

what is voir dire

Answer 66

legal process where attorneys/judge determine suitability of jury for trial

Question 67

what % of the internet is available on the surface web

Answer 67

4%

Question 68

what % of the internet is available on the deep web

Answer 68

93%

Question 69

what % of the internet is available on the dark web

Answer 69

3%

Question 70

what is PACER

Answer 70

Public Access to Court Electronic Records

Question 71

In this type of investigation, a worker is investigated for breaching employee guidelines, which are clearly defined in corporate policy and procedures. The information was clearly communicated to all employees. Which type of investigation is this?

Answer 71

conflict of interest