Domestic and Foreign Trouble: Armada Flashcards
(17 cards)
Why was there conflict with Spain?
- The countries had religious differences
- Elizabeth rejected Philip in 1559, which angered him
- Civil war in the Spanish Netherlands
- English privateers
- Spanish influence in plots
What put England at war with Spain?
1585, the Treaty of Nonsuch send 7k rebels to the rebellion in the Netherlands.
How large was the Spanish fleet?
130 ships, 2500 guns (in Spain), army of 30k men (in Netherlands)
How large was the british fleet?
34 battleships, army of 20k untrained men.
However, private individuals and trading companies were ordered to make their ships available. After preparing them for war, the british fleet totaled ~200 ships.
Ship design: English vs Spanish
English:
* lighter, faster more manouverable
* light and accurate long-range guns
Spanish:
* large, slow galleons
* short range guns and grappling hooks.
Who led the Armada? Why was this problematic?
Duke of Medina Sedonia. Appointed due to his social status, he was not a very good leader.
Who led the British Navy?
Lord High Admiral Howard, assisted by Sir Francis Drake.
The british leadership were experienced in hit-and-run tactics.
When did the Armada set sail?
1
Left Lisbon in May 1588
What happened after the Armada set sail?
2
They encountered heavy storms, and had to turn back. They resupplied, and left again, this time entering the English channel.
What formation was the Spanish Armada in?
3
Defensive Crescent.
What was the Spanish plan in the channel?
4
Go to the Netherlands to get men, which would mean passing the English coast.
When were the Spanish spotted, and where?
5
19 July, off Lizard Point in Cornwall.
What happened after the Armada were spotted?
6
A few skirmishes, Spain lost 3 ships, but maintained formation.
What was a key problem with the Spanish strategy of docking at the Netherlands?
7
It relied on good communication between Medina Sedonia and the Netherlands. This was not possible.
What happened to the Armada after some skirmishes with the british in the channel?
8
28 July: Winds rose, and they had to dock in Calais.
What did Sir Francis Drake come up with while the Spanish were docked in Calais?
9
eight old English ships were filled with tar and oil and set on fire, before drifting towards the Spanish.
What was
