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Physio Lecture > Don't Forget! (Final) > Flashcards

Don't Forget! (Final) Flashcards

1
Q

DAG is a positive allosteric modulator for what?

A

Protein Kinase C

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2
Q

Opens chemically induced gated calcium channels

A

Inositol triphosphate (IP3)

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3
Q

When phosphorylated, stimulates glycogen phosphorylase to break down glycogen to glucose

A

Glycogen phosphorylase kinase

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4
Q

Inhibited by being phosphorylated

- Glycogen formation is inhibited

A

Glycogen synthase

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5
Q

Tyrosine kinases are receptors for ____

A

Peptide growth factors

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6
Q

Insulin receptors are what kind of enzymes?

A

Tyrosine kinase enzymes

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7
Q

Control of secretion (circadian)

A

Endogenous rhythm

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8
Q

Type of binding in which multiple ligands bind to the same protein and affect each other’s affinity

A

Cooperative binding

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9
Q

Substrate for phospholipase C

A

Phosphotidyl insitol bisphosphate

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10
Q

Hormone that causes increased Ca absorption from the small intestine

A

Vitamin D

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11
Q

Hormone that causes increased water permability of the distal tubule

A

ADH

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12
Q

Hormone causes secretion of potassium by the distal tubule

A

Aldosterone

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13
Q

Enzyme that activates other enzymes by cleavage

A

Protease

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14
Q

Hormone causing decreased GFR and secretion of aldosterone

A

Angiotensinogen (produced by Liver)

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15
Q

Hormone that causes hydroxlyation of Vitamin D and renal phosphate secretion

A

Parathyroid Hormone

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16
Q

A hormone that causes secretion of bile from the gall bladder and drowsiness

A

CCK (Liver)

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17
Q

A hormone that causes increased acid secretion by gastric parietal cells

A

Histamine (by stomach)

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18
Q

Hormone causing increased iodine uptake into thyroid follicle cells

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone (ant pit)

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19
Q

The hypothalamus makes what kind of hormones?

A

Peptide hormones

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20
Q

Hypothalamus to the anterior pit requires what?

A

Hypophyseal portal system

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21
Q

Hypothalamic hormone that stimulates stomatostamedins by the liver

A

Somatostatin (inhibits GH)

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22
Q

Two parts of the thyroid

A

Follicle (outside)

Colloid (inside)

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23
Q

Thyroglobulin contains what amino acid?

A

Tyrosine

24
Q

What does T3 and T4 create?

A

Increase basal metabolic rate

25
Q

The expiratory centers are in the ___

A

Pons

26
Q

The inspiratory centers are in the ____

A

Medulla

27
Q

What does the follicle produce in a female?

A

Estrogen and eggs

28
Q

Five steps of the nervous system

A 
Input
Integration 
Conduction
Output 
Maintenance
29
Q

What determines the membrane potential of the cell?

A

Concentration gradients and permeabilities

30
Q

Hyperpolarizations or small depolarizations are what?

A

Graded potentials

31
Q

Larger depolarizations are known as what?

A

Action Potentials

32
Q

The time after one spike when another one either cannot occur

A

Absolute refractory period

33
Q

When one spike has a higher than normal threshold

A

Relative refractory period

34
Q

When the action potential appear to jump from node to node

A

Saltatory conduction

35
Q

The entire content of each synaptic vesicle is released during exocytosis

A

Quantal release theory

36
Q

Three amino acid neurotransmitters

A

Glutamate
Glycine
GABA

37
Q

Summation of PSP at different times

A

Temporal summation

38
Q

Summation of PSP that arrives at difference synapses

A

Spatial summation

39
Q

The summation of the various PSPs

A

Amplitude coding

40
Q

Graded potentials that can spread to the axon hillock

A

Post-synaptic potentials

41
Q

Amplitude coded information is translated into _____ of action potentials by the axon hillock

A

Frequency coding

42
Q

Responsible for conscious perceptions

A

Somatic sensory receptors

43
Q

Neurotransmitters release from the postganglionic fibers occurs from _____ of the axons

A

Variscosities

44
Q

Overall classification of the nervous system

A

See notecard

45
Q

The enzyme contained inside the globular heads of the myosin

A

Myosin-ATPase

46
Q

The protein that calcium binds to inside the SR

A

Calquestrin

47
Q

What are the thin filaments attached to in smooth muscle?

A

Dense bodies and desmosomes

48
Q

Smooth muscles can maintain tension for long periods of time using ____ and ____

A

Latchbridge and caldesmon

49
Q

Changes in heart rate

A

Chronotropic effects

50
Q

Changes in the force of contraction

A

Inotropic effects

51
Q

What does digitalis do?

A

Works by causing the Na/Ca exchanger to work more slowly

52
Q

Local control of blood flow to a tissue by control of tissue arteriole resistance

A

Autoregulation

53
Q

An increase in blood flow due to certain conditions

A

Hyperemia

54
Q

Tissue responds to its own increased metabolism

— responds to period of reduced blood flow

A

Active hyperemia

Reactive hyperemia

55
Q

Efferent pathways of the aortic and carotid baroreceptors

A

Angiotensin
Epinephrine
Autonomic nerves

56
Q

Composed of glycerol and two fatty acids

A

Diaclyglycerol

Physio Lecture (4 decks)

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