Dosage forms of drugs

Question 1

any preparation with one more substances dissolved in liquid solvent.

Answer 1

SOLUTION

Question 2

solution should be:

Answer 2

solution should be chemically stable
non irritating
brilliantly clear
free from microorganisms.

Question 2

solution can be given trough:

Answer 2

Topica
Parental
Opthalmic

Question 3

alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions of drugs made by extraction of crude drugs, solution of chemicals or dilution of fluid extract.

Answer 3

Tinctures

Question 4

example of tinctures

Answer 4

1. Tincture of iodine-contains iodine which is an antiseptic. It is for use on minor wounds, cuts and scrapes.
2. Merthiolate- is a mercury-containing substance, an antiseptic used to treat minor cuts, scrapes and burns and prevent infections.

Question 5

are liquid preparations where the solute is not dissolved in the vehicle but is suspended throughout the vehicle by the use of suspending agent which usually increases the viscosity of the vehicle.

Answer 5

SUSPENSION

Question 5

Suspenison must not be given

Answer 5

intravenously.

Question 5

can be solutions, suspensions or emulsions and are nearly always applied topically to the skin and occasionally to the eye.

Answer 5

LOTION

Question 6

Inclusion of _____ in a lotion hastens its drying

Answer 6

alcohol

Question 7

cooling effect while inclusion of _______ keeps the skin
moist for a considerable time.

Answer 7

glycerin

Question 8

an oily or greasy solution mixtures or various substances
intended for external applications. Much benefit is derived from massage
during application.

Answer 8

Linements

Question 8

used by some equine practitioners for the astringent and
counter irritant effects.

Answer 8

log paints

Question 8

are liquid preparations intended for application to the skin of mucus surfaces possessing antiseptic, astringent, caustic or analgesic properties.

Answer 8

Paints

Question 9

preparations intended for dilution with water to make an insecticidal wash in which animals may be completely immersed in order to kill ectoparasites or to prevent reinfestation.

Answer 9

Dips

Question 10

suspensions of a powder dispersed in water and administered orally.

Answer 10

Drenches

Question 11

Example of drenches:

Answer 11

1. Phenothiazine drench
2. albendazole - for deworming of large animals

Question 12

dispersion of liquid droplets in a second immiscible liquid brought about by adding an emulsifying agent.

Answer 12

EMULSIONS

Question 13

solutions carrying medicament intended for ophthalmic or otic administration.

Answer 13

Drops

Question 14

– are usually topically applied aerosols elsewhere the medicament is force out with a propellant mixture of gases.

Answer 14

Sprays

Question 15

example of sprays:

Answer 15

gentian violet
-antiseptic dye
-also use to tx. fungal infection,
-banned because it can also cause cancer
-active ingredient is: hexamethyl pararosaniline

Question 16

usually sterile suspensions in fluid or semi fluid
vehicle. Strict adherence to label instructions and withdrawal times is
essential.

Answer 16

intrammary injection

Question 17

intrammary injection is for _______ becuase it’s directed to mammary gland.

Answer 17

Mastits

Question 18

are semi-solid emulsions of polyethylene glycols, water miscible and are indicated on weeping lesions.

Answer 18

cream

Question 19

sterile pharmaceutal liquids or suspensions intended for
parenteral administration by various routes.

Answer 19

injections

Question 19

are concentrated aqueous solutions of sugar with flavoring only (for use as vehicle) or with flavoring and medicinal ingredients, They have never been to practical use except for medication in dogs.

Answer 19

syrups

Question 20

are often used interchangeably with creams, immiscible with water, emollient in action by forming an occlusive film which prevents escape of moisture from the skin to the environment and are indicated for dry lessons.

Answer 20

ointments

Question 21

a semisolid preparation used topically to carry medicaments intended to alleviate and inflamed area, supplying any or of the following: drugs, heat, and moisture.

Answer 21

Poultices (cataplasms)

Question 22

are semisolid medications melting or softening at body temperature for insertion into a certain body orifices of the body (rectal, urethreal, etc.)

Answer 22

Suppositories

Question 23

mixtures of drugs in dry powder form intended for internal or external use.

Answer 23

Powders

Question 24

are generally defined as medicated solid masses of various sizes and shapes.

Answer 24

Tablets

Question 24

are large tablets intended for oral or intrauterine administration.

Answer 24

Boluses-

Question 24

are gelatin shells which may be filled with solids (hard shells) or liquids (soft shells) drugs. Most convenient form for oral administration.

Answer 24

Capsules

Question 24

meant for continuous absorption of medical substances by the body and for this the pellets are implanted inside the body e.g hormone implants.

Answer 24

Implants

Question 25

a solid dosage form in which an active ingredient, such as a coccidiostat, production enhancer, or nutritional supplement is formulated with excipients. This is mixed homogeneously with feed at rates that range from a few milligrams to 200 g/ton of feed.

Answer 25

PREMIX

Question 25

sometimes called pellets are a modification of powders which have been lumped together to improved solubility or mask unpleasant taste.

Answer 25

Granules

Question 26

a compressed feed material that contains an active ingredient such as anthelmintic, surfactant (for bloat prevention), or a nutritional supplement and is commonly packaged in cardboard box.

Answer 26

MEDICATED BLOCK

Question 27

These systems are used for estrus synchronization in sheep, goats and cattle.

Answer 27

Intravaginal delivery systems

Question 28

Slicone is used in the manufacture of T- shaped CIDR device and the coiled shaped PRID.

Answer 28

T-shaped CIDR device & COILED shaped PRID

Question 29

Intravaginal sponges are made from

Answer 29

polyurethane.