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***Pharm Oral Doses*** > Doses > Flashcards

Doses Flashcards

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1
Q

*Meperidine

A
  • P = 5-10min DOA = 3h E1/2t = 3-4h PB 60 NI 10 VD 4 Pulm 65

* 50-100mg; 12.5mg shivering; max 1g/24h

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2
Q

Morphine

A
  • P = 15-30 DOA = 3h E1/2t = 3-4h PB 30 NI 23 U/O 1-12

* 0.01-0.2mg/kg (2.5-15mg q 5-10min); gtt 0.8-20mg/h

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3
Q

Hydromorphone

A
  • O = rapid Peak = 5-10min DOA = 4-5h E1/2t = 1-3hrs PB 20 Liver 95%
  • 0.5-4mg q 4-6h
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4
Q

*Fentanyl

A
  • O = 6.4min DOA = 1hr E1/2t = 3-6h PB 80 NI 10 VD 4 Pulm 75%
  • Analgesia: 1-3mcg/kg; premed: 25-100mcg; gtt 0.01-0.05mcg/kg/min
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5
Q

*Sufentanyl

A
  • O = 6.2 DOA = 30 min E1/2t = 2.5h PB 90 NI 20 VD 3 Pulm 75%
  • Analgesia: 0.1-0.3 mcg/kg; gtt 0.0015-0.01mcg/kg/min; minor 1-2; mod 2-8; major 8-50mcg/kg
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6
Q

*Alfentanyl

A
  • O = 1.4min DOA = 30-60min E1/2t = 1.5h PB 90 NI 90 VD 0.4

* Analgesia: 10-20mcg/kg; gtt 0.25-0.75mcg/kg/min; induction: 50-200mcg/kg

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7
Q

*Remifentanyl

A
  • O = 1-3min DOA = 10min PB 80 NI 60 VD 0.4

* Analgesia: 1-2mcg/kg; gtt 0.05-2mcg/kg/min

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8
Q

Acetaminophen

A
  • IV peak 15min PO peak 30-60min antipyretic peak 30min

* 1g over 15 min IV; 325-650mg PO with max of 4g/day

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9
Q

*Ketorolac

A
  • O = 10min DOA = 6-8h E1/2t = 5h peak = 2-3h PB 99 U/O 60

* 30mg IV x 1 or q6h for a max dose of 120mg; max 5 days, decrease dose to 15mg for elderly

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10
Q

Propranolol

A
  • O = 5min DOA = 4h E1/2t = 2-3 hr PB 90

* 0.5mg/kg or 1-10mg (slowly 1mg q5min)

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11
Q

Metoprolol

A
  • O = 5min DOA = 7hE1/2t = 3-4 hr

* 1-5mg q2-5min up to 15mg

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12
Q

*Labetelol

A
  • O = 5min DOA = 4h E1/2t = 5-8h PB 50

* 5-20mg q5-10min (max 300mg)

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13
Q

*Esmolol

A
  • O = rapid DOA = 10-15min E1/2t = 9 min

* 5-10mg IV q3min; gtt 50-300mcg/kg/h

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14
Q

Prazosin

A
  • O = 1 hr DOA = 6-10h E1/2t = 4h

* 1mg PO before bedtime (max 20mg)

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15
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A
  • O = 1h E1/2t = 24h prodrug, covalent

* 10-120mg/day PO

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16
Q

*Phentolamine

A
  • O = 2min DOA = 10-15min E1/2t = 19 min U/O 10%

* 1-5mg IV bolus

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17
Q

Scopolamine

A
  • O = 10min DOA = 2 hrs E1/2t = 4 hrs (may last 3-7 days) U/O less than 1%
  • 0.3-0.6mg q4-6h; 1.5mg transdermal (5mcg/h x 72h)
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18
Q

*Glycopyrrolate

A
  • O = 2-3min DOA = 2-4h E1/2t = 1h U/O 85%

* 0.01-0.02mg/kg reversal; 0.1-0.2 mg anti-sialagogue and bradycardia

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19
Q

*Atropine

A
  • O = 1min DOA = 30-60min E1/2t = 2h PB 10% U/O 18%

* 0.01-0.02mg/kg reversal; 0.4-1mg bradycardia; 1mg q3-5min ACLS

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20
Q

*SNP

A
  • O = rapid E1/2t = 5min cleared 2-7 days

* 0.3-10mcg/kg/min (max 10) or 1-2mcg/kg/min for HTN crisis

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21
Q

NG

A
  • O = rapid DOA = 5min E1/2t = 1.5min PB 60 U/O less than 1%

* 5-10mcg/min –> 50-200mcg/min

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22
Q

Isoproterenol

A
  • O = rapid DOA = 5-10min E1/2t = 3-5min U/O 50%

* 0.5-10mcg/min

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23
Q

*Dopamine

A
  • O = rapid DOA = 5-10min E1/2t = 2min 75% inactive and 25% NE
  • Low 1-3mcg/kg/min; med 3-10mcg/kg/min; high 10mcg/kg/min
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24
Q

Dobutamine

A
  • O = rapid DOA = 5-10min E1/2t = 2min

* 2-10mcg/kg/min; greater than 5mcg/kg/min (A1); less than 5mcg/kg/min (B1)

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25
Milrinone
* O = 5-20min P = 5 min E1/2t = 2h U/O 80 | * 50mcg/kg over 10 min --> 0.5mcg/kg/min gtt
26
ADH
* O = rapid E1/2t = 10-20min | * 40 U ACLS; 20 U varices; 0.01-0.04U/min gtt for sepsis
27
Epinephrine
* O = 1-2min DOA = 5-10min E1/2t = 30 sec | * 1-2mcg/min (B2); 4-5mcg/min (B1); 10-20mcg/min (A); 1mg q3-5 min ACLS
28
Norepinephrine
* O = rapid DOA = 5-10min E1/2t = 2min | * 4-16mcg/min
29
*Ephedrine
* O = rapid DOA = 1h E1/2t = 3h U/O 40 | * 5-25mg
30
*Phenylephrine
* O = rapid DOA = 5-20 min E1/2t = 2-3h PB 90 U/0 90 | * 50-200mcg; 20-50 mcg/min gtt
31
Naloxone
* O = 1-2min DOA = 30-60 minE1/2t = 1hr | * 0.1-2mg q 2-3 min (start 0.1)
32
Nalbuphine
* O = 2-3min DOA = 3-6 hrs | * 0.1-0.3mg/kg
33
Butorphenol
* DOA = 2-4h | * 0.01-0.04mg/kg
34
Phenobarbitol
* O = 5 min peak = 30 min E1/2t = 53-140h PB 30 Renal 60% * 10-20mg/kg bolus --> 5mg/kg q 15-30min (max 30mg/kg) until seizures controlled * maintenance: 1-5 mg/kg/day
35
Phenytoin
* O = 30 min E1/2t = 7-42h VD 0.6-0.7 | * Seizures: 10-15mg/kg; antiarrhythmic: 50-100mg (0 order kinetics >10mcg/ml)
36
Amioderone
* E1/2t = 29 days HL 40-50days, PB high VD large | * 150-300mg bolus 1mg/min x 6h 0.5mg/min x 18h
37
Nifedipine
* E1/2t = 3-7h PB 90 Renal 70 | * 5-15mg/kg
38
Diltiazem
* E1/2t = 4-6h PB 70 Renal 30 | * 0.25mg/kg bolus over 2 min --> 5-15mg/hr
39
Verapamil
* E1/2t = 6-8h PB 90 Renal 70 | * 2.5-5mg IV over 2 min --> 5-10mg IV over 15-30min (max 20mg)
40
*Adenosine
* E1/2t = 30 sec HL less 10sec | * 6mg rapid repeated in 3 min or increased to 12mg
41
Digoxin
* O = 30-60min E1/2t = 36h PB low, large Vd, Renal 90% | * 0.5-1mg over 12-24h (therapeutic window = 0.5-1.2ng/ml)
42
Procainamide
* O = rapid DOA = 5-10min E1/2t = 3hrs (active metabolism N-acetyl Procainamide with E1/2t 6-8h) PB low Renal 60% * 1-4mg/min
43
Heparin
* O = rapid E1/2t = 1-2h Renal 50% | * 5000U SQ prophylaxis q 8-12hrs (IV for DVT) DC infusion 4-5h before surgery and check PTT/ACT levels
44
Protamine
* O = 5min DOA = 20 min metabolized by reticuloendothelial system in 20min * 1mg /100U of heparin; administer SLOW (less than 5mg/min)
45
Hydrocortisone
* DOA = 8-36 hr E1/2t = 1-2h PB 90 U/O 30 | * 25mg + baseline dose; depending on severity of surgery 25-150mg; 10-20mg/kg/day average
46
Methylprednisolone
* DOA = 12-36h E1/2t = 2-4h PB 90 U/O 30 | * 10-250mg
47
Dexamethasone
* DOA = 12-36h E1/2t = 3hrs antiemetic effect 24h U/O 30 | * 4-10mg
48
Regular Insulin
* O = rapid DOA = 1hr E1/2t = 5 min | * 1 u brings down BG by 30-50 units; 0.05-0.1u/kg/hr titration based on BG
49
Glucagon
* O = rapid DOA = 1hr E1/2t = 5min * Increase SV and HR independent of adrenergic activation: 1-5mg over 5 min or 20mg/hr gtt; SOO spasm: 0.3mg; diagnostic aid for GI procedures: 0.25-2mg
50
Albuterol
* O = 5 min DOA = 4hr (symptom relief up to 8hrs) E1/2t = 4hrs U/O 30 * MDI 100mcg/puff with 2-4puffs q 4-6h; NEB 2.5-5mg q 4h
51
Terbutaline
* O = rapid DOA = 2 hr E1/2t = 16 hrs PB 25 U/O 50 | * MDI 200mcg/puff not to exceed 16-20puffs/day; SQ 0.25mg repeated q 15-30min with max of 0.5mg in 4hrs
52
Ipratropium/Atrovent
* O = 30-90min DOA = 4hrs | * MDI 40-80 mcg/puff; NEB 2-4puffs BID
53
Aminophylline/Theophylline
• Therapeutic levels 10-20mg/ml
54
Hydralazine
* O = 5-20min Peak 15-20min DOA = 6 hr E1/2t = 3 hrs PB 90 | * 2.5-20mg q 4h (prolonged onset should be considered before redosing)
55
Clonidine
* DOA = 8 hr E1/2t = 9-12h hrs PB 20-40 U/O 50% (L 50%) | * 0.2-0.3mg/day
56
Oxytocin
* O = 1min DOA = 1hr E1/2t = 5min | * PP uterine atony/hemorrhage: 10-40U/L of Dextrose or Saline
57
Octreotide
* O = rapid Peak 2h E1/2t = 2 hrs U/O 30% | * Carcinoid crisis: 50-100mcg/hr (25-200mcg bolus PRN); bleeding varices: 25-50mcg/hr - SLOW
58
Ampicillin
* E1/2t = 2 hrs (Extended to 24h in RF) PB 20 U/O 90 | * 2g IV 30 min pre-op (no faster than 10-15 min otherwise it can cause seizures) - SLOW
59
Gentamicin
* E1/2t = 2 hrs PB 30 U/O 100 VD 0.2-0.3 | * 60-120mg IV; toxic at levels >9mcg/ml
60
Cefazolin
* E1/2t = 2 hrs PB 80 U/O 80-100 | * 1-2g IV 30 min pre-op
61
Clindamycin
* Peak 60 min E1/2t = 2 hrs | * 600mg IV prep - SLOW
62
Ciprofloxacin
* E1/2t = 3 hrs PB 30 U/O 50 Feces 20 | * 200-400mg IV over 60 min
63
Metronidazole
* E1/2t = 8 hrs PB less than 20 U/O 70 | * 500mg over 10-20min
64
Vancomycin
* Peak 60 min E1/2t = 6 hrs (up to 9 days in RF) PB 50 U/O 80-90 * 1g in 250ml NS over 60 min (or 10-15mg/kg/dose q12h) – SLOW
65
*Furosemide
* O = 5min DOA = 2 hr E1/2t = 1 hr PB 90 U/O 50 Bile 30 | * 0.1-1mg/kg IV (start with 5mg and titrate upwards) – give SLOW over 1-2mins
66
Hyrdrochlorothiazide
* O = 2hrs DOA = 6-14 hr E1/2t = 6-14 hr PB 70 U/O 100 | * 25-100 mg/day PO in 1-2 doses divided (max 200mg)
67
*Mannitol
* O = 15min DOA = 3-6 hr E1/2t = 1 hr U/O 100 | * 0.25-1g/kg over 30-60min – SLOW
68
*Sevoflurane
• MAC 2 B/G 0.69 VP 157 mmHg at 20C Hepatic 3-5
69
Enflurane
• MAC 1.7 B/G 1.8 VP 175 mmHg at 20C Hepatic 2-5
70
Isoflurane
• MAC 1.2 B/G 1.4 VP 240 mmHg at 20C Hepatic 0.2-2
71
Halothane
• MAC 0.75 B/G 2.4 VP 243 mmHg at 20C Hepatic 15-20
72
Desflurane
• MAC 6 B/G 0.42 VP 669 mmHg at 20C Hepatic 0.02
73
*N20
• MAC 104 B/G 0.47 VP 38,000 mmHg at 20C GI tract 0.004
74
Diphenhydramine
* O =30 min Peak 2-3hrs DOA = 4-6 hr E1/2t = 2-8 hr PB 78 | * 10-50mg q 6-8h
75
Promethazine (Phenergan)
* O =3-5min DOA = 2-4hrs E1/2t = 9-16 hr PB 70 U/O 100 | * 6.25-25mg
76
Cimetidine
* O =1hrs DOA = 4 hr E1/2t = 2 hr PB 20 U/O 75 | * 300mg over 15-30 mins 1-2h pre-op – SLOW
77
*Ranitidine
* O =1hrs E1/2t = 2 hr PB 15 U/O 50 | * 50mg over 15-30 min – SLOW
78
*Famotidine
* O =30 min DOA = 8hr E1/2t = 3h PB 20 U/O 75 | * 20mg over 2 min
79
Omeprazole (prilosec)
* O =1hrs DOA = 72 hr PB 95 | * 40mg
80
*Sodium Citrate (Bicitra)
* O =rapid but give 15-30min prior to allow for complete mixing U/O less than 5 * 15-30ml
81
Metoclopramide
* O =1-3min DOA = 1-2hrs E1/2t = 2-4hrs PB 30 U/O 40 VD 2-4 | * 10-20mg over 3-5min 15 min prior - SLOW
82
Ondansetron
* O =30min DOA = 4-8h E1/2t = 3-4h PB 70 U/O 5 | * 4-8mg over 2-5min – SLOW
83
Droperidol
* O = 30min DOA = 12 hr E1/2t = 2 hr PB high U/O 5 | * 0.625-2.5mg for N/V
84
Bupivicaine
* PKA 8.1 NI 17 PB 95 O = M DOA = L (4-8h) E1/2t = 3.5 hr | * Max dose 2.5mg/kg; Spinal Max dose 15-20mg
85
Levobupivicaine
* PKA 8.1 NI 17 PB 95 O = M DOA = L (4-8h) E1/2t = 2.5 hr | * Max dose 2.5mg/kg; Spinal Max dose 15-20mg
86
Cocaine
* O = 1 min DOA = 30 min E1/2t = 75 min U/O less than 10 | * 3mg/kg
87
Ropivicaine
* PKA 8.1 NI 17 PB 95 O = M DOA = L (4-8h) E1/2t = 2 hr * Max dose 3mg/kg or 3.5mg/kg with Epi; Spinal Max dose 15-20mg * Differential block, 2 active metabolites, less cardiotoxic * S(levo) enantiomer of homolog of bupivacaine with propyl tail on piperdine ring
88
Etidocaine
* PKA 7.7 NI 33 PB 95 O = F DOA = L | * Max dose 4mg/kg
89
Lidocaine
* PKA 7.9 NI 24 PB 70 O = F DOA = M (1-2h) E1/2t = 1.5h (1-8h for antiarrhythmic) * Max dose 4mg/kg or 7mg/kg with Epi; Spinal Max dose 30-100mg
90
Mepivicaine
* PKA 7.6 NI 39 PB 75 O = F DOA = M (1.5-3h) E1/2t = 2h * Max dose 4mg/kg or 7mg/kg with Epi; Spinal Max dose 40-80mg * Less VD, structurally similar to bupivacaine but actions more similar to lidocaine
91
Chloroprocaine
* PKA 8.7 NI 2 PB 7 O = F DOA = S (30-60min) * Max dose 12mg/kg * Fast onset, short duration, minimal fetal demise, good for OB, hydrolyzed by plasma esterases
92
Prilocaine
* NI 24 DOA = M (1-2h) * Can cause methemoglobinemia with hurricaine spray if >600mg * Toxic metabolite: ortho-tulidine, never used in OB, pulm first pass effect
93
Neostigmine
* O = 3min Peak 7-10min DOA = 1 hr E1/2t = 70 min U/O 50 plasma/liver esterases 50 VD 1 * 0.05-0.07mg/kg (with glyco 0.01mg/kg)
94
Edrophonium
* O = rapid Peak 1-2min DOA = 1 hr (moves from receptor to receptor) E1/2t = 2h U/O 75 VD 1 * 0.5-1mg/kg (with atropine 0.01mg/kg)
95
*Physostigmine
* O = 5min DOA = 1-5 hr E1/2t = 30 min VD 1 * anticholinergic syndrome (atropine/scop OD): 15-60mcg/kg * crosses BBB, not for reversal
96
*Pyridostigmine
* O = 10 Peak = 12min DOA = 1-2 hr E1/2t = 2 hr (6 in RF) U/O 75 * 0.14-0.25mg/kg
97
Midazolam
* O = 30-60sec Effect Site 0.9-5.6min DOA = 15-80min hr E1/2t = 1-6.5h hr PB 98 VD 1-1.5 * Anxyiolysis 0.5-2.5mg (max 5mg) PO 50mcg/kg (max 20mg) Induction 0.1-0.2mg/kg over 30-60 sec
98
*Diazepam
* O = Rapid DOA = 3 hr E1/2t = 21-37h (desmethyldiazepam 48-92h) PB 98 VD 1 PH 6.6-6.9 * Anxiolysis 0.2mg/kg PO 10-15mg Induction 0.5-1mg/kg anticonvulsant 0.1mg/kg
99
Lorazepam
* Onset = slow Peak 20-30min DOA = 6-10 hr E1/2t = 10-20h PB 80 U/O 80 VD 1 * Anxiolysis = 1-4mg PO 50mg/kg
100
Flumazenil
* Peak 2-10min DOA = 30-60min E1/2t = 1h PB 50 * 0.2mg wait 2 min to peak then 0.1mg q min (max 3mg); Infusion 0.1-0.4mg/hr * redosing may be necessary d/t short DOA
101
*Thiopental
* O = Rapid DOA = 2-4min E1/2t = 11.6hr PB 70 VD 2.5 | * 3-5mg/kg
102
Methohexitol
* O = Rapid DOA = 10min E1/2t = 4h PB 70 VD 2 | * 1-2mg/kg
103
*Propofol
• O = Rapid DOA = 5-15min E1/2t = 0.5-1.5h PB 90 VD 4 U/O
104
Dexmedatomidine
* O = 5min DOA = 6min E1/2t = 2-3h PB 90 VD 3 context sensitive half time 250 * 1mcg/kg over 15min --> 0.2-1mcg/kg/hr
105
*Etomidate
* O = 30-60sec DOA = 5-15min E1/2t = 3-5hr PB 75 VD 3 Hepatic 80 U/O 2 Bile 1-13 * 0.3mg/kg for induction
106
*Ketamine
* O = 30-60sec DOA = 5-15min E1/2t = 2-3h PB 12 VD 3 | * 0.5-2mg/kg
107
*Succinylcholine
* O = 30-60sec DOA = 5-10min E1/2t = 2-4min VD 0.2 | * Laryngospasm: 20-40mg; Induction 1-1.5mg/kg; gtt: 2.5mg/min
108
*Rocuronium
• O = 1-2min DOA =
109
Mivacurium
• O = 1-2min DOA =
110
Atracurium
* O = 2-3min DOA = 30-60 (intermediate) E1/2t = 20min PB 80 VD 0.2 Ester hydrolysis 2/3 Hoffman Elimination 1/3 laudanisine: 70 Liver 30 Renal * Induction: 0.5mg/kg maintenance: 0.08-0.1mg/kg
111
Cisatracurium
* O = 2-3min DOA = 30-60 (intermediate) E1/2t = 30min VD 0.2 Hoffman Elimination 80 * Induction: 0.2mg/kg Maintenance: 0.02mg/kg
112
Vecuronium
* O = 2-3min DOA = 30-60 (intermediate) E1/2t = 1h PB 80 VD 0.2 Biliary 50 Renal 30 * Induction: 0.1mg/kg Defasciculating: 0.01mg/kg Maintenance: 0.01-0.02mg/kg
113
Pancuronium
* O = 3-5min DOA = 60-120 min (long) E1/2t = 2h VD 0.2 U/O 80 Liver 10-20 * Induction: 0.1mg/kg Maintenance: 0.01-0.02mg/kg

***Pharm Oral Doses*** (1 decks)

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