Dr. Harlander

Question 1

What is the difference in cats

Answer 1

Indoor cats: viewed more regularly, problems reported later
Outdoor cats: viewed infrequently, problems addressed right away
These cats have the same welfare the only difference is on human care.

Question 2

The 3 elements of animal welfare debate?

Answer 2

1. Science: the effects of humans on the animal from the animal’s perspective
2. Ethics: the humans action towards the animal
3. Laws (or Codes of Practice): result of science and ethics dictating how humans must treat animals

Question 3

What is the difference between a conventional and an enriched cage?

Answer 3

An enriched cage has enrichment, entertainment fro the animal. Ball, chains, hay to nest with, etc…

Question 4

What is the difference between free run and free range?

Answer 4

Free run: larger space but no access to outside

Free range: access to the outside

Question 5

Where are chicken ancestors from?

Answer 5

Jungle in Asia

Question 6

What are the 3 criteria for animal welfare?

Answer 6

1. Physical
2. Mental
3. Natural

Question 7

What areas were included in the Family Pen System for Pig Production?

Answer 7

• Manure area
• Rooting area
• Activity area
• Nesting area
• Individual sow feeding stalls

Question 8

How do gestation stalls affect welfare?

Answer 8

Natural: no room for oral or social behavior
Physical: no room to move, ulcers, bar biting injuries
Mental: Little control over environment, frustration, pain, apathy

Question 9

Physical as a criteria for animal welfare includes

Answer 9

ensure good physical health, condition, and functioning of animals

Question 10

Mental as a criteria for animal welfare includes

Answer 10

minimize unpleasant “affective states” (pain, fear, ect…) and allow animals normal pleasures

Question 11

Natural as a criteria for animal welfare includes

Answer 11

species-specific behavior and behavior that they are motivated to perform

Question 12

What are the 5 freedoms?

Answer 12

1. Freedom from HUNGER AND THIRST
2. Freedom from DISCOMFORT
3. Freedom from PAIN, INJURY AND DISEASE
4. Freedom from FEAR AND DISTRESS
5. Freedom to EXPRESS NORMAL BEHAVIOR

Question 13

Affective State

Answer 13

In pain or distress

Question 14

Emotions

Answer 14

a natural instinctive state of mind deriving from one’s circumstances, mood, or relationships with others

Question 15

Sensory pleasure

Answer 15

Pleasures that apply to the senses; eating, petting, ect

Question 16

Pleasure

Answer 16

a feeling of happy satisfaction and enjoyment

Question 17

Mood

Answer 17

a temporary state of mind or feeling

Question 18

Suffering

Answer 18

the state of undergoing pain, distress, or hardship

Question 19

What is the difference between pleasure and emotion?

Answer 19

Emotions do not need a stimulus whereas pleasure requires a stimulus

Question 20

What is the welfare concern with death?

Answer 20

Death is not a welfare concern but an inhumane death IS a welfare concern

Question 21

What is the main difference between using live traps and snap traps for rats according to animal welfare?

Answer 21

How often the traps are checked

Question 22

What is critical anthropomorphism?

Answer 22

a perspective in the study of animal behavior that encompasses using the sentience of the observer to generate hypotheses in light of scientific knowledge of the species, its perceptual world, and ecological and evolutionary history.

Question 23

Self-consciousness

Answer 23

subject awareness of itself

Question 24

Phenomenal consciousness

Answer 24

• sentience

- what is it like to see a colour or hear a sound?

Question 25

What are the 3 welfare outputs?

Answer 25

1. behavior
2. physiology
3. clinical health; production

Question 26

What are the 4 areas of study fro behavior?

Answer 26

1. Function
2. Causation
3. Ontogeny
4. Evolution

Question 27

What are the 4 quantitative behavioral assessments?

Answer 27

1. Frequency
2. Duration
3. Latency
4. Number of animals showing a behavior

Question 28

What is the difference between inelastic demand and elastic demand

Answer 28

Inelastic demand: willing to sacrifice more (more motivated, ie food)
Elastic demand: not willing to sacrifice as much

Question 29

Allostasis

Answer 29

maintaining homeostasis

Question 30

What are the 3 physiological pathways?

Answer 30

1. Neural axes: stress response via neural innervation of target organs
   - sympathetic nervous system
   - parasympathetic activation
   - neuromuscular
2. Neuroendocrine: fight-or-flight response
3. Endocrine axis: most chronic aspects of the stress response, greater intensity to activate

Question 31

Glucocorticoids

Answer 31

The main glucocorticoids involved in regulation of stress responses is species specific

Question 32

What is disease?

Answer 32

any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system, of the body. Shown by symptoms.

Question 33

What are the 10 behaviors that can be exhibited when an animal is sick?

Answer 33

1. anorexia
2. adipsia
3. lethargy
4. anhedonia
5. hyperalgesia
6. social withdrawal
7. reduced grooming
8. increased slow-wave sleep
9. impaired learning/memory
10. decreased libito

Question 34

what is welfare input?

Answer 34

resource based measures

Question 35

What is welfare output?

Answer 35

outcome-based measures

Question 36

what are the 3 welfare input categories?

Answer 36

1. Management/caretaker
2. environmental, housing, food, ect
3. animal genetic, early life experience