Dr. Z

Question 1

individual nutrient requirements vary based on what things?

Answer 1

age
sex
disease state
clinical condition
size (height and weight)
nutritional status
level of physical activity

Question 2

diabetes macronutrient?

Answer 2

carbohydrates (sugar)

Question 3

diabetes is the body being unable to properly store?

Answer 3

sugars

Question 4

a healthy plates consists of what 3 things?

Answer 4

1. drinking water, coffee, or tea (limit sugars)
2. limit milk/diary (1-2 servings/day) and juice (1 small glass/day)
3. avoiding sugary drinks

Question 5

a nutritional label consists of what macronutrients?

Answer 5

proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

Question 6

a nutritional labels consists of what micronutrients?

Answer 6

electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements

Question 7

what are 3 important things about portion size?

Answer 7

1. important to quantify how much you eat
2. most accurately by using measuring tools
3. a clinched fist is roughly one cup or a double serving of ice cream

Question 8

describe simple or “fast” carbs

Answer 8

high glycemic index
quickly absorbed causing a quick rise in blood glucose

Question 9

what are examples of simple of “fast” carbs?

Answer 9

sugars, bread, cereals, fruits, and starchy vegetables

Question 10

describe complex or “slow” carbs

Answer 10

low glycemic index
slower energy full of fiber

Question 11

what are examples of complex or “slow” carbs?

Answer 11

whole grains, seeds, nuts, peas, beans, legumes, non-starchy vegetables

Question 12

what are the 3 different kinds of fats?

Answer 12

saturated fats
unsaturated fats
trans fats

Question 13

what do trans fats do to LDL’s and HDL’s?

Answer 13

increase LDL
decrease HDL

Question 14

what type of fats are mostly synthetically created?

Answer 14

trans

Question 15

which fats are cheaper and have a longer shelf life?

Answer 15

trans

Question 16

which fats are always considered “bad” fats?

Answer 16

trans

Question 17

what are examples of trans fats?

Answer 17

shortening, margarine, non-dairy creamer, fried foods, cake/pastries, ready to bake bread products (frozen dough, pizzas, biscuits)

Question 18

what do saturated fats do to LDL’s and HDL’s?

Answer 18

increase both

Question 19

which fats may increase the risk of diabetes?

Answer 19

saturated

Question 20

which fats are considered “bad” fats most of the time?

Answer 20

saturated

Question 21

which fats are important for immune cell function, so small portions of plant-based products are considered benefical?

Answer 21

saturated

Question 22

what are examples of saturated fats?

Answer 22

meat-fat, lard, cheese, butter, cream, coconut oil, palm oil, cocoa butter

Question 23

what are the types of unsaturated fats?

Answer 23

polyunsaturated and monounsaturated

Question 24

what do polyunsaturated fats do to our LDL’s?

Answer 24

decrease

Question 25

which fats reduce the risk of heart diseases and diabtes?

Answer 25

polyunsaturated

Question 26

which fats are considered the "good" fats?

Answer 26

polyunsaturated and monounsaturated

Question 27

what are examples of polyunsaturated fats?

Answer 27

corn, soybean, sunflower oils, pumpkin and sesame seeds, and cold-water fish

Question 28

what do monounsaturated fats do to our LDL's?

Answer 28

reduce levels

Question 29

which fats are "complete" with saturated fats, therefore improving heart health?

Answer 29

monounsaturated

Question 30

what are examples of monounsaturated fats?

Answer 30

olive, peanut, and canola oils, avocados, almonds, hazelnuts, and pecans

Question 31

all vitamins excepts what 3 must come from dietary sources?

Answer 31

vitamins D, K and biotin (B7)

Question 32

what are our fat-soluble vitamins?

Answer 32

A,D,E, and K

Question 33

what are out water-soluble vitamins?

Answer 33

B and C

Question 34

what is the chemical composition of vitamins?

Answer 34

complicated, organic substances

Question 35

what is the chemical composition of minerals?

Answer 35

simple, inorganic substances

Question 36

what is the source of vitamins?

Answer 36

plants and animals

Question 37

what is the source of minerals?

Answer 37

soil and rock

Question 38

describe the vulnerability of vitamins

Answer 38

destroyed easily by cooking with heat or chemical reagents

Question 39

describe the vulnerability of minerals

Answer 39

not vulnerable to heat, sunlight, or chemical reactions

Question 40

describe the nutritional requirements of vitamins

Answer 40

all vitamins are necessary for the body to function properly

Question 41

describe the nutritional requirements of minerals

Answer 41

not all minerals are required for nutrition

Question 42

other name for vitamin E?

Answer 42

tocopherol

Question 43

what is the drug interaction with vitamin E?

Answer 43

antagonizes vitamin K, watch clotting with patients on warfarin

Question 44

other name for vitamin K?

Answer 44

phytonadione

Question 45

what are natural sources of vitamin K?

Answer 45

green leafy vegetables, avocado, kiwi, parsley

Question 46

a deficiency in vitamin K can cause what?

Answer 46

bleeding

Question 47

B1

Answer 47

thiamine

Question 48

B2

Answer 48

riboflavin

Question 49

B3

Answer 49

niacin

Question 50

B5

Answer 50

pantothenic acid

Question 51

B6

Answer 51

pyridoxine

Question 52

B7

Answer 52

biotin

Question 53

B9

Answer 53

folate

Question 54

B12

Answer 54

cyanocobalamin

Question 55

we must correct hypomagnesemia to correct what?

Answer 55

hypokalemia and hypocalcemia

Question 56

calcium carbonate (caltrate) is what percent of elemental calcium?

Answer 56

40%

Question 57

calcium citrate (citracal) is what percent of elemental calcium?

Answer 57

21%

Question 58

ferrous sulfate (feosol) is what percent of elemental iron?

Answer 58

20%

Question 59

ferrous gluconate (fergon) is what percent of elemental iron?

Answer 59

11.6%

Question 60

ferrous fumarate (ferrosequels, femrion) is what percent of elemental iron?

Answer 60

33%

Question 61

multivitamins should be recommended for who?

Answer 61

vegans, lactose intolerance