Drafting - Wires, Cables And Connectors

Question 1

is made up of a number of individual strands of wire braided together. Like stranded wires, these wires are better conductors than solid- core wires, and they will not break easily when flexed. Braided wires are frequently used as an electromagnetic shield in noise reduction cables and also may act as a wire conductor within the cable(e.g., coaxial cable).

Answer 1

Braided Wire

Question 2

With the addition of another conductor “R”, we open up different possibilities such as supporting balanced mono signals and unbalanced stereo signals.

As seen in the “Unbalanced Mono” column above, the engineer can choose to make use of the additional conductor to carry a microphone signal instead. In this case, where the audio is unbalanced, we may also sometimes refer to this as a single-ended plug.

Answer 2

Tip, Ring and Sleeve Phone

Question 3

This cable consists of two solid wires insulated from one another by a plastic insulator. Like unbalanced coaxial cable, it too has a copper shielding to reduce noise pickup. Unlike unbalanced coaxial cable, the shielding does not act as one of the conductive paths; it only acts as a shield against external magnetic interference.

Answer 3

Balanced Coaxial

Question 4

connectors are used with a variety of unbalanced coaxial cables. They are commonly used to interconnect video components. F- type connectors are either threaded or friction- fit together.

connectors may have been named F-type because it originally carried UHF or VHF signals to a TV.

Answer 4

f-type

Question 5

These are the connectors are color- coded according to the wire size they can accommodate. They are useful as quick, friction- type connections in dc applications where connections are broken repeatedly. A crimping tool is used to fasten the wire to the connector.

Answer 5

Crimp

Question 6

This is used for connecting single wires to electrical equipment. It is frequently used with testing equipment. The plug is made from a four- leafed spring tip that snaps into the jack.

Answer 6

Spade Lug/Barrier Strip

Question 7

One connector is used to carry the audio signal while the other acts as a return path and ground.
The ground acts as a reference point for the signal but it also picks up interference noises like an antenna. The longer the cable, the higher chance the more noise will be picked up.

Answer 7

Tip and Sleeve Phone

Question 8

Consist of a multiple number of independent conductive wires. The wires within cables may be solid core, stranded, braided, or some combination in between.

Answer 8

Cables

Question 9

This cable is made from two individually insulated conductors. Often it is used in dc or low frequency ac applications. Also called Flat cord/Duplex Stranded wire

Answer 9

Paired Cable

Question 10

The uniform spacing of the wires is the key to the cable’s function as a transmission line; any abrupt changes in spacing would reflect some of the signals back toward the source. The plastic also covers and insulates the wires. This can have significantly lower signal loss than miniature flexible coaxial cable at shortwave and VHF radio frequencies.
However, this is more vulnerable to interference.

Answer 10

Twin Lead

Question 11

these connectors are used with coaxial cables. Unlike the F- type plug, these connectors use a twist- on bayonet- like locking mechanism. This feature allows for quick connections

Answer 11

BNC (Bayonet Neil-Concelman, or sometimes British Naval Connector)

Question 12

This cable typically is used to transport high frequency signals (e.g., radio frequencies). The cable’s geometry limits inductive and capacitive effects and also limits external magnetic interference.
The center wire is made of solid- core
copper or aluminum wire and acts as the hot lead. An insulative material, such as polyethylene, surrounds the center wire and acts to separate the center wire from a surrounding braided wire. The braided wire, or copper shielding, acts as the cold lead or ground lead. Characteristic impedances range from about 50 to 100 ohm.

Answer 12

Unbalanced Coaxial

Question 13

This wire is often referred to as hookup wire. It includes a tin- lead alloy to enhance solder ability and is usually insulated with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene, or Teflon. Used for hobby projects, preparing printed circuit boards, and other applications where small bare- ended wires are needed.

Answer 13

Pre Tinned Solid Bus Wire

Question 14

It follows the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association (CTIA) standards. Such a connection format is also called the CTIA TRRS jack connector format.
Common Usage: It is the most commonly adopted standard for modern smartphones and gaming consoles where the cable supports a microphone and stereo audio connection at the same time.

Answer 14

Tip, Ring, Ring and Sleeve Phone

Question 15

These connectors are used with multiple conductor wires. They are often used for interconnecting audio and computer accessories. Smaller versions of these connectors are also widely used.

Answer 15

DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) Connector

Question 16

This is a typical home appliance connector.
It comes in unpolarized and polarized forms.
Both forms may come with or without a ground wire.

Answer 16

240-Volt

Question 17

This wire is used for building coils and electromagnets or anything that requires a large number of loops, say, a tuning element in a radio receiver. It is built of solid- core wire and insulated by a varnish coating. Typical wire sizes run from 22 to 30 gauge.

Answer 17

Magnet Wire

Question 18

This type of cable is used in applications where many wires are needed. It tends to flex easily.
It is designed to handle low- level voltages and often is found in digital systems, such as computers, to transmit parallel bits of information from one digital device to another.

Answer 18

Ribbon

Question 19

These connectors accept shielded braid, but they are larger in size. They come in two- or three- element types and have a barrel that is 11⁄4 in (31.8 mm) long. They are used as connectors in microphone cables and for other low voltage, low- current applications.
3.5 mm and even 2.5 mm versions of these connectors are also commonly used.

Answer 19

Phone

Question 20

These connectors are used as test probes. The spring- loaded hook opens and closes with the push of a button. The hook can be clamped onto wires and component leads.

Answer 20

Hook Clip

Question 21

consist of two plug ends and one central jack end. They are used when a connection must be made somewhere along a coaxial cable.

Answer 21

T-connector

Question 22

This cable is composed of two interwound insulated wires. It is similar to a paired cable, but the wires are held together by a twist. The common CAT5 cable used for Ethernet, among other things, is based on a set of four. The use of two wires twisted together helps to reduce crosstalk and electromagnetic induction.

Answer 22

Twisted Pair

Question 23

connectors are used with ribbon cable. Each connector may have as many as 50 contacts.
The connection of each individual wire to each individual plug pin or jack socket is made by sliding the wire in a hollow metal collar at the backside of each connector. The wire is then soldered into place.

Answer 23

D-Connector

Question 24

This type of cable consists of a number of
individually wrapped, color- coded wires. It is used when a number of signals must be sent through one cable.

Answer 24

Multiple Conductor

Question 25

When balanced headphone connections grew in popularity, these became a go-to solution.

Unlike TRS connectors, these connectors have pins instead of tips, rings, and sleeve. However, they work the same way. These connector has 5 conductors just like a TRRRS connector.

Answer 25

Standard XLR

Question 26

This cable is a flat two- wire line, often referred to as 300-Ohm line. The line maintains an impedance of 300 ohm. It is used primarily as a transmission line between an antenna and a receiver (e.g., TV, radio). Each wire within the cable is stranded to reduce skin effects. It is a construct of two-strand copper or copper-clad steel wires held a precise distance apart by a plastic ribbon. The uniform spacing of the wires is the key to the cable’s function as a transmission line; any abrupt changes in spacing would reflect some of the signals back toward the source.

Answer 26

Twin Lead

Question 27

Insulation-displacement connectors are often found in computers.
The plug is attached to ribbon cable using V-shaped teeth that are squeezed into the cable
insulation to make a solderless contact.

Answer 27

Mini

Question 28

These are often referred to as UHF plugs. They are used with RG- 59/U coaxial cable. Such connectors may be threaded or friction- fit together.

Answer 28

PL-259

Question 29

Alligator connectors are used primarily as temporary test leads.

Answer 29

Alligator

Question 30

This cable consists of two unbalanced coaxial cables in one. It is used when two signals must be transferred independently.

Answer 30

Dual Coaxial

Question 31

This wire is useful for wiring breadboards; the solid- core ends slip easily into breadboard sockets and will not fray in the process. These wires have the tendency to snap after a number of flexes.

Answer 31

Solid Wire

Question 32

This cable is similar to paired cable, but the inner wires are surrounded by a metal- foil wrapping that’s connected to a ground wire.
The metal foil is designed to shield the inner wires from external magnetic fields—potential forces that can create noisy signals within the inner wires.

Answer 32

Shielded Twin Lead

Question 33

This wire is stranded to increase surface area for current flow. It has a high copper content for better conduction.

Answer 33

Speaker Wire

Question 34

A wire’s diameter is expressed in terms of a gauge number. True or False?

Answer 34

True

Question 35

In the gauge system, as a wire’s diameter increases, the gauge number decreases. At the same time, the resistance of the wire increases. True or False?

Answer 35

False

Question 36

This is used for connecting single wires to electrical equipment. It is frequently used with testing equipment. The plug is made from a four- leafed spring tip that snaps into the jack.

Answer 36

Banana

Question 37

The main conductor is comprised of a number of individual strands of copper. Stranded wire tends to be a better conductor than solid- core wire because the individual wires together comprise a greater surface area. Stranded wire will not break easily when flexed.

Answer 37

Stranded Wire

Question 38

connectors are often referred to as RCA (Radio Corporation of America) plugs or pin plugs. They are used primarily in audio connections.

Answer 38

Phono

Question 39

Fiberoptic cable is used in the transport of
electro magnetic signals, such as light. The conducting- core medium is made from a glass material surrounded by a fiberoptic cladding (a glass material with a higher index of refraction than the core). An electromagnetic signal propagates down the cable by multiple total internal reflections. It is used in direct transmission of images and illumination and as waveguides for modulated signals used
in telecommunications. One cable typically
consists of a number of individual fibers.

Answer 39

Fiber Optic

Question 40

These connectors are commonly used to supply
low voltage dc between 3 and 15V.

Answer 40

TIP or ST connector (Straight Tip connector)