Drainage Basin Systems

Question 1

9 factors that affect the speed of flow between stores

Answer 1

Temperature
Wind
Gradient
Soil saturation
Type of rainfall
Vegetation interception
Bedrock
Soil permeability
Urban areas

Question 2

5 factors affecting infiltration capacity

Answer 2

Soil texture
Soil moisture
Soil temperature
Water table
Root networks

Question 3

What affects the size of the interception store?

Answer 3

Deforestation
Time of year
Stem flow
Type of vegetation
Dense canopy

Question 4

Boscastle 2004

Answer 4

Convection storm
Hard ground = surface runoff
2 ravines
Urban drainage
Flashflood through bottleneck bridges

INFILTRATION EXCESS OVERLAND FLOW

Question 5

Carlisle 2005

Answer 5

Long-term rain (weeks) caused very high water table
Peak discharge was very high (almost 10 times its normal measurement)
25% of flooding caused by overflowing drains
Saturated soil caused surface runoff

SATURATION EXCESS OVERFLOW FLOW

Question 6

Orographic rainfall

Answer 6

Precipitation produced when moist air is lifted as it moves over a mountain range

Question 7

Convectional rainfall

Answer 7

Ground is warmed by sun
Warm air rises
Condensation
Cloud

Question 8

Frontal rainfall

Answer 8

Warm air rises, so when it bumps into the cold front, it rises above it