DRARR - Module 2: Risk Factors Underlying Disasters Flashcards
(45 cards)
Disaster risk has three important elements
Exposure
Vulnerability
Hazard
the “elements at risk from a natural or man-made hazard event”
exposure
a potentially dangerous physical occurrence, phenomenon or human activity that may result in loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation
hazard
the condition determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of hazard
vulnerability
How can you reduce the level of vulnerability and exposure?
by keeping people and property as distant as possible from hazards
are processes or conditions, often developmental-related, that influence the level of disaster risk by increasing levels of exposure and vulnerability or reducing capacity
risk factors
what are the 4 risk factors underlying disasters?
- severity of exposure
- gender and family
- age
- economic status of country
measures those who experience disaster first-hand which has the highest risk of developing future mental problems, followed by those in contact with the victims such as rescue workers and health care practitioners and the lowest risk are those most distant like those who have awareness of the disaster only through news
severity of exposure
the female gender suffers more adverse effects. This worsens when children are present at home. Marital relationships are placed under strain
gender and family
adults in the age range of 40-60 are more stressed after disasters but in general, children exhibit more stress after disasters than adults do
age
evidence indicates that severe mental problems resulting from disasters are more prevalent in developing countries like the Philippines. Furthermore, it has been observed that natural disasters tend to have more adverse effects in developing countries than do man-caused disasters in developing countries
economic status of country
what are the 7 factors which underlie disasters
- climate change
- environmental degradation
- globalized economic development
- poverty and inequality
- poorly planned and managed urban development
-weak governance - geographical location
this means alteration of the world’s climate that we humans are causing such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation and other practices that increase the carbon footprint and concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
climate change
what is the full name of UNFCCC
united nation framework convention on climate change
what is climate changed according to UNFCCC?
it can be directly or indirectly to human activity that alter the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods
this refers to the changes of the environment that can influence the frequency and intensity of hazards, as well as our exposure and vulnerability to these hazards
environmental degradation
what causes to these following factors?
1. deforestation of slopes
2. removal of mangroves
- landslides
- storm surges
it is both a driver and consequence of disasters, reducing the capacity of the environment to meet social and ecological needs
environmental degradation
provides an opportunity to build resilience if effectively managed
globalized economic development
these type of people are more likely to live in hazard-exposed areas and are less able to invest in risk-reducing measures
impoverished people
it is both the cause and the consequence of disaster risk
poverty
what type of disaster are mostly likely associated with poverty?
drought
who tend to suffer worst from disasters?
the poor
the growing rate of urbanization and the increase in population density can lead to creation of risk, especially when urbanization is rapid, poorly planned and occurring in a context of widespread poverty
poorly planned and managed urban development
