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AP psychology > dreams > Flashcards

dreams Flashcards

1
Q

What are the effects for sleep deprivation?

A

-Weakened immune system; get sick faster
-heightened emotions
-less effective memory
-REM rebound; more REM next night, more susceptible to nightmares

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2
Q

Biological clock

A

Circadian cycles: sequence of behaviors and alertness during 24 hr period (dips and ups in alertness) works regardless of light and dark

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3
Q

How does the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) relate?

A

Changes in light causes the SCN to signal the production or suppression of melatonin which makes you sleepy

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4
Q

The 90 minute sleep cycle

A

4-6 cycles each night

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5
Q

Stage 1 NREM

A

Still awake
-relaxed and begin to fall asleep

Time: lasts 5-20 min

-Drifting off-uneven heart rate, hallucinations, jerk and wake up

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6
Q

Stage 2 NREM

A

Theta waves
-Light sleeping

-where you spend most of your night

-Sleepspindles (random bursts of brain activity)
-sleep talking (can be in any stage)

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7
Q

Stage 3 NREM

A

Delta waves

-restorative period, how you get good sleep
-harder to wake up

Time: Lasts 30 mins

-Deepest stage of sleep
-night terrors, no memory of it
-release of growth hormones

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8
Q

REM

A

BETA waves

-similar to awake but body is paralyzed

Time: 15 min at the beginning, 45 min at end of cycle (so increase as night goes on)

-Rapid eye movement
-heart rate goes up
-breathing is irregular
-where you dream
-nightmares
-25 percent of average sleep

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9
Q

Insomnia

A

1 in 10 adults

Persistent problems in falling or staying asleep

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10
Q

Narcolepsy

A

1 in 2000; less common

Sudden attacks of overwhelming sleepiness regardless of how much you slept, usually lasts less than 5 mins

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11
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

1 in 20

Intermittently stop breathing during sleep- then waking up enough to snort in air for a few seconds, preventing slow-wave sleep (stage 3) not snoring

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12
Q

Night terrors

A

Primarily in children

Occurs during first few hours of sleep

Kids get up talk, scream and appear terrified- don’t remember it

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13
Q

Sleep paralysis

A

Body is paralyzed to prevent acting out the dream

Body does not realize you are awake and you stay paralyzed

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14
Q

REM Behavior disorder

A

lack of paralysis during REM stage. Causes people to act out their dream
-Not aware of surroundings, can fall out bed

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15
Q

Parasomnia

A

Skip stages and tries to go back to wake up
-involves unusual and undesirable physical events or experiences that disrupt your sleep
happens during stage 3

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16
Q

Freud’s Wish-Fulfillment Theory

A

Dreams are the fulfillment of wishes
-Do things you cannot do here in your dreams
-Dreams have hidden meaning from symbols that show up

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17
Q

Information-Processing

A

Dreams help us sort of the day’s event and consolidate recent memories
-Decides what info to store and toss, strengthens memories

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18
Q

Physiological Function

A

-Helps preserve neural pathways
-What you do in a dream strengthens those actions for use when awake

(If you run in your dream, you will run better in irl)

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19
Q

Activation-Synthesis

A

Random images that our brain makes into stories

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20
Q

Cognitive Development

A

Brain gives us problems to solve and figure out
-Dreams makes us better problem solves

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21
Q

What category is LSD in?

A

Hallucinogen

22
Q

What category is Cocaine in?

A

Stimulant

23
Q

What category is Alcohol in?

A

Depressant

24
Q

What category is opiates in?

A

Depressant

25
Q

What category is Nicotine in?

A

Stimulant

26
Q

What category is amphetamines in?

A

Stimulant

27
Q

What category is Barbiturates in?

A

Depressant

28
Q

What category is Marijuana in?

A

Hallucinogen

29
Q

What category is Caffeine in?

A

Stimulant

30
Q

What category is Ecstasy in?

A

Stimulant and Hallucinogen

31
Q

Cocaine

A

provides 15-30 minute high followed by severe crash, depletes dopamine over time

32
Q

Opiates

A

Affects bodies supply of endorphins

33
Q

Ecstasy

A

Side effects include dehydration, can permanently damage serotonin production

produces euphoria and social intimacy

34
Q

THC

A

Active ingredient in marijuana

35
Q

LSD

A

Causes a variety of unpredictable responses from euphoria to detachment to panic

hallucinogen drug

36
Q

Nicotine

A

Arousal and Relaxation simultaneously

37
Q

Barbiturates

A

tranquilizers, reduces anxiety, impaired memory and judgement

38
Q

Amphetamines

A

Accelerates body functions and associated energy + mood changes

39
Q

Near-death experience

A

Altered state of consciousness after near death experience

40
Q

Hallucinogens

A

Distort perceptions and evoke sensory images

41
Q

Withdrawal

A

Effects of the drug wears off

42
Q

Tolerance

A

Needing larger amounts of the drug to feel the effects

43
Q

Psychological dependence

A

Relieve stress or negative emotions

44
Q

Physical dependence

A

Adaptation to the drug that leads to pain and cravings

45
Q

Psychoactive Drugs

A

Chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood

46
Q

The stage that is referred to Paradoxical Sleep is

A

REM

47
Q

Slow wave sleep is what stage?

A

Stage 3

48
Q

Circadian Rhythms are controlled, in part, by:

A

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

49
Q

Which theory focuses on biological maturation and physical processes in dreams?

A

Physiological Functioning

50
Q

Freud believed that dreams have hidden meanings, he called the hidden meanings:

A

Latent Content

51
Q

Most withdrawal symptoms are indicative of:

A

Physical Dependence

52
Q

According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream

A

Manifest Content

AP psychology (15 decks)

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