Drill session

Question 1

which areas of the brain are most vulnerable to hypoxia

Answer 1

watershed areas the hippocampus neocortex and cerebellum

Question 2

what are the two risk

factors for neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage

Answer 2

prematurity and lbw

Question 3

What is the predominant type of glial cell in the white matter

Answer 3

Oligodendrocytes

Question 4

Where are the raffini corpuscles located

Answer 4

In the fingertips and joints

Question 5

Which cranial nerves are located in the pons

Answer 5

5, 6, 7, 8

Question 6

Lesions to which side of the cerebellum (medial or lateral) affects voluntary movement of the extremities

Answer 6

Lateral

Question 7

Chorea , characterised by sudden jerking purposeless movements, is indicative of a lesion in which structre

Answer 7

Basal ganglia

Question 8

Palsy of which cranial nerve is assiciated with epidural hematoma

Answer 8

CN 3

Question 9

The posterior 1/3 of the tongue taste and sensation come from which cranial nerve

Answer 9

9

Question 10

Describe the type of sensory neuron fibers of the raffini corpuscles

Answer 10

They are dendritic endings with a capsule and are slow to adapt

Question 11

Anterior 2/3 of the tongue sensation comes from which cranial nerve

Answer 11

V3

Question 12

Where do charcoal bouchard microaneurysms most often occur

Answer 12

Putamen of the basal ganglia via the lenticulostriate vessels as well as the thalamus, pons and cerebellar

Question 13

What is the most common childhood supratentorial tumor

Answer 13

Cranial pharyngioma

Question 14

Which 4 parts of the spinal cord are affected in friedrich ataxia

Answer 14

Lateral corticospinal
Spinal cerebellar tract
Dorsal columns
Dorsal root ganglia

Question 15

Which cranial nerves pass through the cavernous sinus

Answer 15

3, 4, v1, v2 and 6

Question 16

Where is the first synapse for the lateral corticospinal tract

Answer 16

Cell body of the anterior horn in the SC

Question 17

Which type of cells are destroyed in guillian barre syndrome

Answer 17

Schwann cells

Question 18

Diplopia associated with idopatic intracranial HTN is usually the result of a palsy of which cranial nerve.

Answer 18

6

Question 19

Once the dorsal column decussates in the medulla does is ascend ipsilaterally or contralaterally

Answer 19

Contralaterally

Question 20

Increased activity of which dopaminergic pathway results in positive symptoms

Answer 20

mesolimbic

Question 21

In which cranial nerve distributions is the port wine stain of sturge weber seen

Answer 21

V1 and V2

Question 22

What is the inheritance pattern of neurofibromatosis 1

Answer 22

autosomal dominant

Question 23

Which genetic syndrome is associated with the hemangioblastoma when found with retinal angiomas

Answer 23

Von hippel lindau syndrome

Question 24

The achilles reflex is mediated by which segments

Answer 24

S1 and s2

Question 25

Describe the optic disc when a patient has papilloedema due to increased ICP

Answer 25

Elevated and has blurred margins

Question 26

Which cranial nerves pass through the superior orbital fissue

Answer 26

CN 3, 4, v1, 6

Question 27

In which area does the start of a neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage originate

Answer 27

Germinal matrix

Question 28

Agnosia of the contralateral side of the world is a consequence of a lesion to which part of the brain

Answer 28

The non dominant parietal cortex

Question 29

Which findings will indicate that a case of conjunctivitis that is allergic in nature

Answer 29

Red itchy and bilateral

Question 30

In dry macular degeneration, extracellular material is deposited between which 2 structures

Answer 30

Brooch membrane and retinal pigment epithelium

Question 31

Which type of aphasia is characterised by speech patterns that are constantly started and stopped

Answer 31

transcortical motor aphasia

Question 32

destruction of which hypothalamic structure | results in damage to the hunger center

Answer 32

the lateral nucleus transcortical

Question 33

sensory aphasia affects which lobe around wernicke's area

Answer 33

temporal

Question 34

progressive loss of vision in which fields is characteristic of glaucoma

Answer 34

Peripheral

Question 35

which muscles of ocular movement are | innervated by cranial nerve 3.

Answer 35

superior, inferior and medial rectus | Inferior oblique

Question 36

alteration of which protein increases someone's risk of the sporadic form of alzheimer disease

Answer 36

apoe4

Question 37

what is the most common site of the development of a berry aneurysm

Answer 37

junction of the anterior communicating in anterior cerebral arteries

Question 38

which vagal nucleus functions in visceral sensory information

Answer 38

nucleus tract is solitarius

Question 39

which syndrome results from an infarct of the paramedian branches of the anterior spinal artery and or vertebral arteries

Answer 39

median medullary syndrome

Question 40

the v3 branch of cranial nerve 5 passes through which foramen

Answer 40

ovale

Question 41

the striatum consists of which structures

Answer 41

the putamen and caudate

Question 42

how do the cholinolemics increase the outflow of aqueous humor

Answer 42

by contracting the ciliary muscle and opening the trabecular meshwork

Question 43

which hypothalamic nuclei synthesize adh | and oxytocin

Answer 43

supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

Question 44

what happens to dopamine gaba and ach in huntington disease

Answer 44

dopamine increases while gaba and ach are decreased

Question 45

cortical border zones | which are watershed zones in the brain occur between which vessels

Answer 45

between anterior and middle cerebral arteries and posterior and middle cerebral arteries

Question 46

what are some of the prophylactic medications used against a migraine headache

Answer 46

beta blockers amitriptyline topiramate valproic acid botulinum toxin and anti-cgrp monoclonal antibodies

Question 47

at which point does hypoxemia have the | ability to increase cerebral perfusion pressure

Answer 47

if po2 drops below 50 millimeters of mercury

Question 48

which cranial nerves make up the | afferent and efferent pathways of the gag reflex

Answer 48

afferent is cranial nerve nine efferent is cranial nerve ten

Question 49

what is the inheritance pattern of neurofibromatosis one

Answer 49

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