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Water Treatment > Drinking Water Regulations > Flashcards

Drinking Water Regulations Flashcards

1
Q

5 Primary contaminants of public health importance

A 
Inorganic
Organic
Turbidity
Microbial
Radiological
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2
Q

Inorganic contaminant examples

A

Lead

Mercury

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3
Q

Organic contaminant examples

A

Pesticides, herbicides, trihalomethanes, solvents, synthetic organic compounds

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4
Q

What is turbidity

A

Small particles suspended in water that interfere with light penetration and disinfection

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5
Q

Microbial contaminant examples

A

Bacteria
Viruses
Protozoa

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6
Q

Radiological contaminant examples

A

Natural and man made radiation sources

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7
Q

What is a MCLG

A

Maximum contaminant level goal

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8
Q

What is an MCL

A

Maximum contaminant level

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9
Q

EPA must demonstrate what in order to regulate a substance

A
  1. It has an adverse health effect
  2. Is known/high chance to occur is PWS
  3. Meaningful opportunity for health risk reductions for people served by PWSs
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10
Q

What does NPDWR mean

A

National Primary Drinking Water Regulations

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11
Q

What are Inorganic Chemicals

A

Metals, Salts, other chemical compounds that don’t contain carbon

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12
Q

Benefits of a CCR

A
  1. Increased consumer knowledge
  2. Increased awareness to potential health risk
  3. Increased communication
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13
Q

What is a CCR?

A

Consumer confidence report

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14
Q

What are inorganic chemicals

A

Inorganic chemicals are metals, salts, and other chemical compounds that do not contain carbon

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the consumer confidence report rule

A

To improve public health protection by providing educational material to allow consumers to make educated decisions regarding any potential health risks of their water supply.

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16
Q

Why is Benzene regulated

A

To prevent Anemia

17
Q

Common uses for Trichloroethylene (TCE)

A

Household products, dry cleaning agents, industrial metal cleaners and polishers, refrigerants, and anesthetics

18
Q

What are organic chemicals

A

Natural or synthetic chemical compounds that contain carbon

19
Q

Why are microbial contaminants a public health concern

A

Potential public health risk of acute outbreaks of disease

20
Q

What is the purpose of the TCR (Total Coliform rule)

A

Protect public health by ensuring the integrity of the drinking water distribution system and monitoring for the presence of microbial contamination

21
Q

What is the most basic test for bacterial contamination of a water supply

A

Test for total coliform bacteria

22
Q

What does the final RTCR (Revised Total coliform rule) establish

A

It establishes MCLG and MCL for E. Coli and eliminates the MCLG and MCL for total coliform replacing them with treatment techniques that require assessment and corrective action

23
Q

Which organism is most implicated in US waterborne disease outbreaks

A

Giardia

24
Q

What is the MCL for TTHMs

A

.080mg/L

25
Q

What does MRDL stand for

A

Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level

26
Q

What is pCi/L

A

picoCurie a measure of radioactivity. One picoCurie of radioactivity is equivalent to .037 nuclear disintegrations per second

Pg. 45

27
Q

What is the purpose of the Radionuclides Rule

A

To reduce exposure to to radionuclides and reduce the risk of cancer

28
Q

How does drinking water become contaminated with radioactive elements

A

Radium, Radon, uranium occur naturally in the ground and dissolve into groundwater supplies. Other sources could be nuclear power/processing plants, and uranium mines

29
Q

What two categories are the MCLs for radiological contaminants divided into?

A

Natural Radioactivity and Manmade radioactivity

Pg. 45

30
Q

Under what conditions are secondary drinking water regulations enforceable?

A

Federally they are not enforceable. It is up to states to regulate them.

31
Q

List the secondary drinking water contaminants

A
  1. Zinc
  2. Iron
  3. Manganese
  4. Magnesium
  5. Total Dissolved Solids
  6. Silver
  7. Sulfate
  8. pH
  9. Odor
  10. Financing Agents
  11. Fluoride
  12. Corrosivity
  13. Copper
  14. Color
  15. Chloride
  16. Aluminum
32
Q

Why is chloride a secondary contaminant?

A

It has corrosion effects especially in hot water

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