Drosophila

Question 1

Insect with nymph stages before adult stage

Answer 1

Hemimetabolous insect

Question 2

Storage for sperm within the female Dm’s body

Answer 2

Seminal receptacle and paired spermathecae

Question 3

Characteristics of Dm eggs

Answer 3

One half mm in length
White
Oval shaped
Slightly flattened

Question 4

Inner thin membrane surrounding the ovum

Answer 4

Vitelline envelope

Question 5

Outer, tough extracellular coat surrounding the ovum

Answer 5

Chorion

Question 6

Surface of Dm from which the respiratory filaments emerge

Answer 6

Dorsal surface

Question 7

Extensions of the chorion found at the anterior end of the Dm egg, functions in gas exchange

Answer 7

Respiratory filaments

Question 8

Optimal temperature for Dm egg hatching

Answer 8

25 degC

Question 9

Largest of all larval forms

Answer 9

Third instar larva

Question 10

Name for adult fly

Answer 10

Imago

Question 11

Undifferentiated, mitotic cells within the Dm larva

Answer 11

Imaginal discs and histoblasts

Question 12

Cells that will form epidermal structures of the adult Dm

Answer 12

Imaginal discs

Question 13

Stage wherein imaginal discs evert and differentiate into adult structures

Answer 13

Pupal stage

Question 14

Cells in larva that form the abdominal epidermis and internal organs of adult

Answer 14

Histoblasts

Question 15

Recognized within larva as clumps of small cells

Answer 15

Histoblasts

Question 16

Teardrop shaped epithelial cells in larva

Answer 16

Imaginal discs

Question 17

Process of emerging as an adult from the pupa or as a larva from the egg

Answer 17

Eclosion

Question 18

Time of day wherein females produce the greatest number of eggs

Answer 18

Late afternoon, evening

Question 19

Differences between male and female Dm

Answer 19

Males have black pigmentation on the posterior abdominal segment; shorter abdomen (six segments), have a sex comb

Females don’t have black pigmentation; have eight abdominal segments; don’t have a sex comb

Question 20

Bristles found on the end of the first segment of the front legs of male Dm

Answer 20

Sex comb

Question 21

What comprises an acceptance signal from a female Dm during mating?

Answer 21

Slowing down, extrusion of ovipositor, spreading of wings

Question 22

What comprises a rejection from a female Dm during mating?

Answer 22

Kicking with hind legs, fending with middle legs, flicking of wings, buzzing sound, rapid movement, extrusion of genitalia

Question 23

Organs through which female Dms perceive the love song

Answer 23

Antennae

Question 24

Process by which male Dms generate their love song

Answer 24

Vibration of one wing

Question 25

Feathery extensions of antennae that augment vibrations

Answer 25

Aristae

Question 26

Segment of antennae that senses vibrations during mating

Answer 26

Johnston's organ

Question 27

Segment wherein Johnston's organ is found

Answer 27

Second segment of antennae

Question 28

Organ male Dms extend to touch female Dm genitalia

Answer 28

Proboscis

Question 29

Process by which egg emerges from female Dm ovipositor

Answer 29

Oviposition

Question 30

Way eggs emerge from the female Dm ovipositor

Answer 30

Posterior end first

Question 31

Mold inhibitor used in culturing Dm

Answer 31

Propionic acid

Question 32

Function of propionic acid

Answer 32

Mold inhibitor

Question 33

Balanced salt solution which allows continued development of egg until hatching

Answer 33

Ringer's solution

Question 34

What composes insect Ringer's solution?

Answer 34

NaCl, KCl, CaCl2

Question 35

Extensions of the chorion

Answer 35

Respiratory filaments and micropyle

Question 36

Channel through which sperm travels towards the ovum

Answer 36

Micropyle

Question 37

Substitute for insect Ringer's solution

Answer 37

PBS

Question 38

Dye used to visualize Dm ornamental markings

Answer 38

Toluidine blue

Question 39

Leaves impressions on the chorion prior to ovulation

Answer 39

Ovarial follicle cells

Question 40

Impressions left by ovarian follicle cells on Dm egg chorion

Answer 40

Ornamental markings

Question 41

Advantages of respiratory filaments as respiratory organs of Dm

Answer 41

Minimal water loss, maximized gas exchange

Question 42

A film of gas surrounding the respiratory filaments when submerged

Answer 42

Plastron

Question 43

Allows respiratory filaments to function even when submerged

Answer 43

Plastron

Question 44

Maintains plastron

Answer 44

Water-repellent surface network of respiratory filaments

Question 45

Type of egg wherein yolk is concentrated centrally and cytoplasm is pushed to the periphery

Answer 45

Centrolecithal egg

Question 46

Nuclear division

Answer 46

Karyokinesis

Question 47

Cleavage of cytoplasm

Answer 47

Cytokinesis

Question 48

Usual process of cleavage (not like the formation of a multinucleate cell in early Drosophila development)

Answer 48

Karyokinesis then cytokinesis

Question 49

Stage of Dm embryo wherein many nuclei are lined up in the peripheral cytoplasm

Answer 49

Syncytial blastoderm

Question 50

Multinucleate tissue in which cell membranes don't completely separate the nuclei

Answer 50

Syncytium

Question 51

Stage of Dm embryo wherein cell membranes grow inward between peripheral nuclei, separating off individual cells from inner yolky cytoplasm

Answer 51

Cellular blastoderm

Question 52

Pattern of cleavage in Dm embryo

Answer 52

Superficial or peripheral cleavage

Question 53

First cells that form during cellularization

Answer 53

Pole cells

Question 54

End of embryo where pole cells form

Answer 54

Posterior end

Question 55

Origin of primordial germ cells

Answer 55

Pole cells

Question 56

Fate of pole cells

Answer 56

Primordial germ cells

Question 57

Fate of primordial germ cells

Answer 57

Gametes

Question 58

Process following cleavage

Answer 58

Gastrulation

Question 59

Insect with larval and pupal stage prior to adult stage

Answer 59

Holometabolous insect

Question 60

Larval organs that are preserved

Answer 60

Malpighian tubules, fat bodies, gonads, nervous system

Question 61

What regions comprise the head? (3)

Answer 61

mandibular, maxillary, labial

Question 62

How many thoracic segments?

Answer 62

3

Question 63

How many abdominal segments?

Answer 63

8

Question 64

Segments that form the telson

Answer 64

Abdominal segments 9 and 10

Question 65

Brings food to the mouth

Answer 65

mouth hooks

Question 66

Does the larva have eyes?

Answer 66

No

Question 67

hardened outer covering of flies, made of chitin with protein called sclerotin

Answer 67

cuticle

Question 68

What is distributed over the cuticle?

Answer 68

sensory bristles

Question 69

long white sheets running the length of the body

Answer 69

Fat bodies

Question 70

Lateral to the esophagus

Answer 70

salivary glands

Question 71

Sequence of compartments of GI tract

Answer 71

Pharynx --> Esophagus --> Proventriculus --> Gastric area --> midgut --> hindgut

Question 72

Proventriculus empties into what?

Answer 72

gastric area

Question 73

Excretory organs that carry urinary waste from the body

Answer 73

Malpighian tubules

Question 74

Type of circulatory system?

Answer 74

Open

Question 75

Bathes the internal organs

Answer 75

Hemolymph

Question 76

Nine pairs of discs + 1 disc

Answer 76

labial, clypeolabrum, humerus, antenna, wing, haltere, 3 pairs of leg discs. genital disc

Question 77

Chromosomes that replicate without separating

Answer 77

polytene chromosomes

Question 78

What layer transforms into the puparium?

Answer 78

cuticle

Question 79

Marks the end of pupation and beginning of adult life

Answer 79

Eclosion

Question 80

White puparium

Answer 80

P1

Question 81

Brown puparium

Answer 81

P2

Question 82

Bubble prepupa

Answer 82

P3

Question 83

Buoyant/moving bubble

Answer 83

P4

Question 84

Malpighian tubules white

Answer 84

P5

Question 85

Green Malpighian tubules

Answer 85

P6

Question 86

Yellow body

Answer 86

P7

Question 87

Yellow eyed

Answer 87

P8

Question 88

Amber eyed

Answer 88

P9

Question 89

Red eyed

Answer 89

P10

Question 90

Head and thoracic bristles

Answer 90

P11

Question 91

Wings grey

Answer 91

P12

Question 92

Wings black

Answer 92

P13

Question 93

Green patch

Answer 93

Meconium

Question 94

Waste products of pupal metabolism

Answer 94

Meconium

Question 95

Eclosion

Answer 95

P15

Question 96

Appearance of green patch

Answer 96

P14

Question 97

Layer of cells formed in embryo during cleavage

Answer 97

blastoderm

Question 98

A furrow in the head region

Answer 98

cephalic furrow

Question 99

Principal component of cuticle

Answer 99

chitin

Question 100

Removal of the chorion

Answer 100

Dechorionation

Question 101

Row of small hooks that help larva move by gripping substrate

Answer 101

denticle belt

Question 102

Another word for molting

Answer 102

ecdysis

Question 103

Simple eye containing a single light-perceivng element covered by a lens

Answer 103

Ocellus

Question 104

Light-sensitive elements of the compound eye

Answer 104

ommatidium

Question 105

Where larva exits

Answer 105

operculum

Question 106

What stages are considered to be prepupa?

Answer 106

P1-P4

Question 107

What stages are considered to be pupal?

Answer 107

P5-P15

Question 108

Mouth parts of adult fly

Answer 108

proboscis

Question 109

helps male pull himself up onto the female's back during mating

Answer 109

sex combs

Question 110

Color of the filter you will use to increase contrast of orange?

Answer 110

Blue

Question 111

Germ layer that gives rise to epidermis/ectoderm

Answer 111

ectoderm

Question 112

3 main functions of the condenser

Answer 112

control concentrate collect

Question 113

The process of turning inside out

Answer 113

eversion

Question 114

Footprints of ovarian follicle cells on the embryo

Answer 114

ornamental markings

Question 115

number of eggs a femal Dm lays in one day

Answer 115

50-70

Question 116

Prevents growth of molds/other bacteria

Answer 116

propionic acid

Question 117

fertilization with more the one sperm cell

Answer 117

polyspermy

Question 118

Process of turning inside out

Answer 118

Eversion

Question 119

Embryological tool for fin manipulation and dissection of embryos

Answer 119

microneedle

Question 120

Number of spiracles in a first instar larva

Answer 120

2

Question 121

Considered the Mercedes of all lenses

Answer 121

Planapochromat

Question 122

Rotate polarized lightd

Answer 122

birefringence

Question 123

sac on the fly head which becomes filled with blood to break open the operculum

Answer 123

ptilinium

Question 124

term used to describe Dm embroy before cleavage

Answer 124

syncytial blastoderm

Question 125

second indication that larva enters pupation

Answer 125

stops moving

Question 126

Process of egg laying in Dm

Answer 126

oviposition