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Trinity EMS: Advanced EMT > Drug Cards > Flashcards

Drug Cards Flashcards

Class drug cards for Trinity EMS AEMT class. Does not include individually assigned drugs. (66 cards)

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1
Q

Zofran generic name

A

Ondansetron

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2
Q

Zofran indications

A

Nausea and vomiting

often from chemotherapy, radiation and anesthesia

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3
Q

Zofran contraindications

A

Use caution in patients with hepatic impairment

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4
Q

Zofran side effects

A

CNS: dizziness, fatigue, headache, malaise, sedation
Cardio: arrhythmias, chest pain
GI: constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Other: muscular pain, chills

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5
Q

Oxygen Indications

A 
Increased oxygen demand
Hypoxia 
Chest pain related to cardiac (anything)
Respiratory insufficiency 
Neurological disease or disorder 
Hypoperfusion 
Trauma
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6
Q

Oxygen Contraindications

A

None

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7
Q

Oxygen Side Effects

A

Dry mucous membranes
Upper respiratory irritations
Possibility for very rare pulmonary edema

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8
Q

Oxygen Dosages

A 
Nasal Cannula         2 - 6 lpm
Simple facemask    6 - 10 lpm 
Nonrebreather       10 - 15 lpm
Nebulizer                  6 - 8 lpm
BVM                              15 lpm
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9
Q

Zofran Adult Dose

A

4mg in IV push over 2-5 minutes

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10
Q

Zofran Pedatric Dose

A

1 month - 12 years who weigh MORE than 40kg:
4 mg IV push, 2-5 min (same as adult)
1 month - 12 years who weigh LESS than 40kg:
0.1mg/kg IV as a single dose

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11
Q

Albuterol trade names

A

Proventil, Ventolin, Albuterol

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12
Q

Albuterol indications

A

Onset of bronchospasms in patients with reversible obstructive airway diseases (i.e.: COPD, Asthma)

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13
Q

Albuterol Contraindications

A

Known hypersensitivity
Tachycardic arrhythmias (especially caused by digitalis)
Synergistic (will combined and amplify) with other simpathomimetics (fight or flight imitators)

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14
Q

Albuterol side effects

A

CNS: restlessness, tremors, dizziness,
Cardio: palpitations, tachycardia, peripheral dilation, increased BP
GI: nausea, vomiting, hyperglycemia,
Other: paradoxical bronchospasm

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15
Q

Albuterol Adult dose

A

Nebulized: using 0.5% solution strength
0.5ml of albuterol mixed in 2.5ml normal saline
hand held nebulizer over 10-15min

MDI: 1-2 inhaler puffs (90-180micrograms)
5 minutes between MDI doses

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16
Q

Albuterol Pediatric dose

A

Nebulized:
0.05 - 0.15mg/kg mixed in 2ml of normal saline
May repeat every 20min, MAX 3 doses

MDI:
look for “spacer” in rx MDI to pediatric patient’s
Follow as prescribed, look for indications of every day inhaler vs rescue inhaler

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17
Q

Aspirin indications

A

inhibit platelet aggregation in suspected MI, new onset of chest pain suggestive of acute MI

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18
Q

Aspirin contraindications

A

asthma with nasal polyps
hypersensitivity
acute GI bleed

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19
Q

Aspirin side effects

A

nausea, heartburn, GI bleed, may prolong labor/bleeding,

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20
Q

Aspirin Adult dosage

A

160mg - 325mg by mouth, chewed if possible

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21
Q

Aspirin Pediatric dosage

A

not (generally recommended) call medical control

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22
Q

D50 indication

A 
hypoglycemia
coma of unknown origin 
seizures of unknown origin 
altered level of consciousness 
status epilepticus
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23
Q

D50 contraindications

A

hyperglycemia
known hypersensitivity
intracranial hemorrhaging

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24
Q

D50 side effects

A

tissue necrosis if anywhere outside the vein
raises glucose levels
nausea
burning/warmth

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25
D50 Adult dosage
Comes in preloaded syringe adult: 12.5 - 25g SLOW IV push * may be repeated as needed, 5 min apart*
26
D50 Pediatric dosage
0.5 - 1g/kg SLOW IV push *may be repeated as needed, 5 min apart* CALL MED CONTROL
27
Glucagon indication
Altered LOC with suspected hypoglycemia | *Can be used in beta blocker over dose to alter force or energy of muscle contractions*
28
Glucagon contraindications
hyperglycemia | hypersensitivity
29
Glucagon side effects
nausea vomiting tachycardia hypertension
30
Glucagon Adult dosage
comes in ampules (1 mg) 0.5 - 1mg IM for hypoglycemia may repeat in 7-10 min
31
Glucagon Pediatric dosage
comes in ampules (1mg) IF CHILD IS OVER 20kg 0.5 - 1mg IM for hypoglycemia CALL MEDICAL CONTROL
32
Narcan/Naloxone indications
``` opiate overdose coma of unknown origin decreased LOC narcotic agonist depression of CNS from opioids ```
33
Narcan/Naloxone contraindications
use *caution* in patient's with hepatic impairment | use *caution* in neonates of addicted mothers
34
Narcan/Naloxone side effects
``` Complete reversal of narcotic/opioid effects withdrawals in addicted patients tachycardia hypertension arrhythmias vomiting sweating ```
35
Narcan/Naloxone dosage
0.4 - 2.0mg IV May repeat in 5 min intervals MAX DOSE 10mg
36
Nitroglycerin indications
``` acute chest pain ischemic chest pain hypertension CHF pulmonary edema ```
37
Nitroglycerin contraindications
hypotension hypovolemia intracranial bleeding or head injury Erectile Dysfunction meds in last 24-36 hours
38
Nitroglycerin side effects
``` headache hypotension syncope dizziness nausea vomiting muscle twitching ```
39
Nitroglycerin dosage
pills: 0.3 - 0.4mg sublingual may repeat 3-5 min MAX 3 doses spray: 1 - 2 sprays (0.4mg) sublingual Peds: CALL MEDICAL CONTROL
40
Nitrous Oxide indications
Moderate to severe pain apprehension anxiety
41
Nitrous Oxide contraindications
``` impaired LOC head injury inability to follow commands decompression (diver) sickness undiagnosed abdominal pain COPD cyanosis chest trauma with pneumothorax ```
42
Nitrous Oxide side effects
``` nausea headaches euphoria cyanosis vomiting drowsiness ```
43
Nitrous Oxide dosages
Adult and pediatric: Hand held mask, instruct patient to take deep slow inhale. D/C when pain is controlled or patient is no longer able to hold or control mask
44
Oral glucose indications
CONSCIOUS patient with hypoglycemia
45
Oral glucose contraindications
``` unable to follow commands no control over swallowing intracrainial swelling/pressure head injury hypersensitivity nausea vomiting ```
46
Oral glucose side effects
nausea | vomiting
47
Oral glucose dosage
Adults and peds: Liquid - sipped slowly until clinical improvement Gel - fed slowly or applied between cheek and gums
48
Oxygen indications
``` Respiratory insufficiency Trauma Low SP02 Suspected carbon monoxide poisoning decreased LOC ```
49
Oxygen contraindications
Patient's with restrictive diseases (COPD etc) may not tolerate higher concentrations as well Still apply O2, monitor patient
50
Oxygen side effects
dry/irritated mucosal membranes upper respiratory irritation *Can* decrease LOC and respiratory in patients with *chronic* CO poisoning
51
Oxygen dosages
``` Nasal Cannula: 2 - 6 lpm Nebulizer 6 - 8 lpm Simple face mask 6 - 10 lpm Non Rebreather 10 - 15 lpm BVM 15 lpm ```
52
Lactated Ringers/(Hartman's Solution) Indications
Hypovolemic shock TKO/KVO IV line (To Keep Open) (Keep Vein Open)
53
LR/(Hartmans's Solution) Contraindications
renal failure patients | CHF patients
54
LR/(Hartman's Solution) side effects
rare/few | pain, warmth, swelling at IV site
55
LR/(Hartman's Solution) dosages
TKO/KVO | Hypovolemic shock: titrate to physiological response
56
D5W, Dextrose 5% indications
IV access for emergency drugs | used with IV drip drugs which need to be diluted
57
D5W contraindications
Do NOT use for fluid replacement | Do NOT use with Dilantin or Inocor
58
D5W side effects
few in therapeutic doses | warmth/burning at IV site
59
D5W dosages
Use mini drip (60 drop/mL) at KVO
60
Normal Saline/0.9% Sodium Chloride Indications
``` Hypovolemia Heat related injury/illness freshwater drowning Diabetic ketoacidosis Keep IV line open ```
61
NS/0.9% Sodium Chloride contraindications
CHF patient's as can easily induce circulatory overload | use *caution* in dialysis patients - possible overload
62
NS Dosages
Always refer to protocol for specific C/C Bolus: wide open TKO: to keep open Specific rates: example 100ml/h
63
Epinephrine (adrenaline) indications
Anaphylactic reaction allergic reaction asthma cardiac arrest
64
Epinephrine (adrenaline) side effects
Tachycardia, hypertension, palpitations, chest pain | dizziness, tremors, seizures, ventricular fibrillation (vfib)
65
Epinephrine (adrenaline) Adult dosages
1:1,00 = ampules/vials 1:10,00 = pre filled syringe EpiPen AutoInjector: 1:2,00 Allergy/asthma: 0.3 - 0.5mL of 1:1,00(vial) given SC Anaphylaxis: 1mL of 1:10,00 (syringe) IV over 5 min
66
Epinephrine(Adrenaline) Pediatric dosages
Mild allergy/asthma: 0.01mg/kg of 1:1,00 (vial) given SC | MAX of 0.3ml

Trinity EMS: Advanced EMT (4 decks)

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