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Paramedic > Drug Cards > Flashcards

Drug Cards Flashcards

1
Q

Narcan Drug Class

BLS

A

Opioid Antagonist

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2
Q

Narcan Action

BLS

A

Binds the opioid receptor and blocks the effects of a narcotic

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3
Q

Narcan Side Effects

BLS

A

N/V, restlessness, diaphoresis, tachycardia, hypertension, tremors, seizures, cardiac arrest, narcotic withdrawal.

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4
Q

Narcan Contraindications

BLS

A

Use with caution with patients with SVT, or cardiac Dx, head trauma, or a brain tumor

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5
Q

Narcan Dose

BLS

A

Adult: 0.4mg to 2 mg IV, IM, IN, or SQ. Higher doses are required with synthetic medications

Peds: 0.1 mg/kg

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6
Q

Oral Glucose Indications

BLS

A
  • Patient must have an open airway
  • BGL must be lower than 60
  • 1 Tube per patient
  • BGL before and after administration
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7
Q

EPI Drug Class

BLS

A

Adrenergic agent, intropic

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8
Q

EPI Indications

BLS

A

Bronchospasm, allergic and anaphylactic reactions, cardiac arrest, bradycardia when pacing is not available.

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9
Q

EPI Side Effects

BLS

A

Anxiety, headache, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, nervousness, tremors, chest pain, N/V

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10
Q

EPI Dose

BLS

A

1 mg of 1:10,000 solution IV,IO every 3-5 mins for a cardiac arrest up to a max of 5mgs/doses per patient. (EPI is a vasoconstrictor and restricts blood flow in the brain)

0.3-0.5 mg IM or SQ for allergic reactions and may repeat every 10-15 minutes

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11
Q

Oxygen Drug Class

BLS

A

Elemental gas

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12
Q

Oxygen Action

BLS

A

Increases cellular energy metabolism

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13
Q

Oxygen

BLS

A

High concentrations can cause decreased level of consciousness and respiratory depression in patients with COPD. Oxygen causes systemic vasoconstriction, use with caution on ischemic strokes.

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14
Q

Oxygen Dose

BLS

A

NC 2-6 LPM
NRBM 15 LPM
BVM 25 LPM

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15
Q

Albuterol Drug Class
(BLS)
(Asthma/COPD)

A

Bronchodilator, beta agonist

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16
Q

Albuterol Actions
(BLS)
(Asthma/COPD)

A

Binds and stimulates beta 2 receptors resulting in relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle

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17
Q

Albuterol Indications
(BLS)
(Asthma/COPD)

A

-Asthma, bronchitis with spasms, and COPD. (Crush injury)
- Albuterol helps push potassium in the cells during
a crush injury
-Use with caution on patients nursing, and patients with a cardiac history

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18
Q

Albuterol Dose
(BLS)
(Asthma/COPD)

A

Adult and Ped dose: 2.5 mgs in 3 ml of NS. May repeat as needed

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19
Q

Nitroglycerin Drug Class
(BLS)
(CHF)

A

Antianginal agent

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20
Q

Nitroglycerin Action
(BLS)
(CHF)

A
  • Relaxes vascular smooth muscle, thereby dilating the arteries and veins.
  • Nitro decrease the preload and afterload of the heart and must be used with caution in inferior MI’s
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21
Q

Nitroglycerin indications
(BLS)
(CHF)

A

Angina or chest pain of a cardiac origin

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22
Q

Nitroglycerin Side Effects
(BLS)
(CHF)

A

Headache, hypotension, bradycardia, flushing

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23
Q

Nitroglycerin Contraindications
(BLS)
(CHF)

A

Hypotension (90 systolic), severe bradycardia, increased ICP, patients taking sexually enhanced medications

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24
Q

Nitroglycerin Dose
(BLS)
(CHF)

A

0.4 mg tab or spray to a max of 3 doses

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25
Q

Activated Charcoal Drug Class

BLS

A

Antidote, adsorbent

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26
Q

Activated Charcoal Indications

BLS

A

Toxic ingestion

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27
Q

Activated Charcoal Contraindications

BLS

A

Ingestion of acids, alkalis, ethanol, acid, bleach, cyanide, iron salts, lithium, patient in a coma, GI obstruction

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28
Q

Activated Charcoal Dose

BLS

A

50-100 g per dose

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29
Q

ASA Drug Class

BLS

A

Antiplatelet, nonnarcotic analgesic, antipyretic

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30
Q

ASA Action

BLS

A

Prevents the formation of a chemical know as thromboxane A2, which causes platelets to bind together

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31
Q

ASA Indications

BLS

A

Fever, inflammation, angina, AMI, and patients complaining of pain, pressure, squeezing, or crushing in the chest that might be cardiac

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32
Q

ASA Contraindications

BLS

A

Active GI bleed, hemorrhagic stroke, bleeding disorder, children with chickenpox and a fever

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33
Q

Normal Saline Drug Class

A

Electrolyte replacement

- NS is an isotonic solution

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34
Q

Normal Saline Dose

A

20 ml/kg while checking lung sounds every 250 ml

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35
Q

Normal Saline Indications

A

Septic patients, hypovolemic (dehydrated) Patients, and cardiogenic shock

36
Q

Lactated Ringers Drug Class

A

Electrolyte replacement

- LRS is an isotonic solution

37
Q

Lactated Ringers Dose

A

20 ml/kg while checking lung sounds every 250 ml

38
Q

Lactated Ringers Indications

A

septic patients, hypovolemic patients, burn patients, and cardiogenic shock

39
Q

Hypertonic Solutions

A

Solution that has a greater concentration of solutes on the outside of a cell when compared with the inside of a cell

40
Q

Hypotonic Solution

A

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution. In biology, a solution outside of a cell is called hypotonic if it has a lower concentration of solutes relative to the cytosol. Due to osmotic pressure, water diffuses into the cell, and the cell often appears turgid, or bloated.

41
Q

Isotonic Solution

A

An isotonic solution is one that has the same osmolarity, or solute concentration, as another solution. If these 2 solutions are separated by semipermeable membrane, water will flow in equal parts out of each solution and into the other.

42
Q

Lasix Drug Class

CHF

A

Loop diuretic

43
Q

Lasix Action

CHF

A

Inhibits the absorption of the sodium and chloride ions and water in the loop of Henle, as well as the convoluted tubule of the nephron

44
Q

Lasix Indications

CHF

A

Pulmonary edema, CHF, hypertensive emergency

45
Q

Lasix Adverse effects

CHF

A

vertigo, dizziness, weakness, and orthostatic hypotension

46
Q

Lasix Contraindications

CHF

A

Known sensitivity to sulfonamides and lasix

47
Q

Lasix Dose

CHF

A

20-40 mgs IVP

48
Q

Morphine Drug Class

CHF

A

Opiate agonist

49
Q

Morphine Action

CHF

A

Binds with opioid receptors. Morphine is capable of inducing hypotension by depressing the vasomotor of the brain as well as a release of the chemical histamine. With chest pain such as angina. Morphine reduces stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, which lowers heart rate and anxiety and this reduces oxygen demand.

50
Q

Morphine Indications

CHF

A

Moderate to severe pain, including chest pain associated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), CHF, Pulmonary edema

51
Q

Morphine Side Effects

CHF

A

Respiratory depression, hypotension, N/V, bradycardia

52
Q

Morphine Contraindication

CHF

A

Respiratory depression, shock, head trauma

53
Q

Morphine Dose

CHF

A

2-4 mgs slow IVP over a 1-5 min period

54
Q

Digoxin Drug Class

CHF

A

Cardiac glycoside

55
Q

Digoxin Indications

CHF

A

CHF, to control ventricle rate in chronic A-Fib

56
Q

Lopressor Drug Class

CHF

A

Beta adrenergic antagonist

57
Q

Lopressor Indications

CHF

A

ACS, hypertension, SVT, A-Flutter, A-Fib

58
Q

Atrovent Drug Class

Asthma/COPD

A

Bronchodilator, anticholinergic

59
Q

Atrovent Action

Asthma/COPD

A

Antagonizes the acetylcholine receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, producing bronchodilation

60
Q

Atrovent Indications

Asthma/COPD

A

Asthma, bronchospasm associated with COPD

61
Q

Atrovent Adverse affects

Asthma/COPD

A

Paradoxical acute bronchospasm, cough, throat irritation, headache, dizziness, dry mouth, palpitations

62
Q

Atrovent Contraindications

Asthma/COPD

A

Closed angle glaucoma, known sensitivity including peanuts or soybeans and atropine or atropine derivatives

63
Q

Atrovent Dose

Asthma/COPD

A

Nebulized: Adult 0.5 mg every 20 mins with 2.5 mgs of albuterol

64
Q

Duoneb

Asthma/COPD

A
  • Albuterol 2.5 mg in 3 ml NS with Atrovent 0.5 mg in 2.5 ml of NS
  • 2nd line treatment if bronchodilator is ineffective or severe cases of Asthma or COPD exacerbations
65
Q

Decadron (AKA: Dexamethasone) Drug Class

Asthma/COPD

A

Corticosteroid

66
Q

Decadron (Dexamethasone) Action

Asthma/COPD

A

Reduces inflammation by multiple mechanisms

67
Q

Decadron (Dexamethasone) Indications

Asthma/COPD

A

Anti-inflammatory agent for a wide variety of medical conditions, including asthma, airway edema, acute mountain sickness, cerebral edema, etc.

68
Q

Decadron (Dexamethasone) Adverse effects

Asthma/COPD

A

Depression, euphoria, headaches, restlessness, hypertension, bradycardia, N/V, swelling, diarrhea, weakness, and fluid retention

69
Q

Decadron (Dexamethasone) Contraindications

Asthma/COPD

A

Fungal infection, known sensitivity (including sulfites) use with caution in active infections, renal disease, and penetrating spinal cord injuries

70
Q

Decadron (Dexamethasone) Dose

Asthma/COPD

A

Most common is 10 mg slow IVP

71
Q

Solu-medrol Drug Class

Asthma/COPD

A

Corticosteroid

72
Q

Solu-medrol Action

Asthma/COPD

A

Reduces inflammation by multiple mechanisms

73
Q

Solu-medrol Indications

Asthma/COPD

A

Anaphylaxis, asthma, and COPD

74
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Drug Class

Asthma/COPD

A

Electrolyte, mineral

75
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Action

Asthma/COPD

A

Required for normal physiologic functioning. Mag sulfate is a cofactor neurochemical transmission and muscular excitability. Mag controls seizures by blocking peripheral neuromuscular transmission. Mag is also a peripheral vasodilator and an inhibitor of platelet function.

76
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Indications

Asthma/COPD

A

Torsade’s de pointes, cardiac arrhythmias associated with hypomagnesemia, eclampsia, and seizure prophylaxis in preeclampsia, status asthmaticus

77
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Side effects

Asthma/COPD

A

Mag toxicity (signs of flushing, diaphoresis), hypotension, muscle paralysis, weakness, hypothermia, and cardiac, CNS, or resp depression

78
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Contraindications

Asthma/COPD

A

AV blocks, GI obstruction, renal impairments

79
Q

Magnesium Sulfate Dose

Asthma/COPD

A

Asthma: Adult: 1-2 g slow IV/IO over 20 mins
Peds: 25-50 mg/kg diluted in D5W of 10-20
mins

80
Q

Racemic EPI Drug Class

Asthma/COPD

A

Bronchodilator

81
Q

Racemic EPI Action

Asthma/COPD

A

Stimulates both alpha and beta receptors, causing vasoconstriction, reduced mucosal edema, and bronchodilation

82
Q

Racemic EPI Indications

Asthma/COPD

A

Bronchial asthma, croup

83
Q

Racemic EPI Side Effects

Asthma/COPD

A

Anxiety, dizziness, headache, tremors, palpitations, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, N/V

84
Q

Racemic EPI Contraindications

Asthma/COPD

A

Glaucoma, elderly, cardiac Dx, hypertension, thyroid disorder, diabetes

85
Q

Racemic EPI Dose

Asthma/COPD

A

Adult: 0.3 mg in 0.5 ml to nebulizer for handheld neb,
administer 1-3 inhalations
Or 2.25% solution; 0.05-0.1 ml/kg max dose 0.5 ml

Paramedic (4 decks)

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