Drug Delivery & Formulation - focus: influence on PK/ADME

Question 1

What are the three types of administration route?

Answer 1

Parenteral (IV, IM, SC), oral or directly at target/organ (vaginal, ocular, buccal…)

Question 2

How can changing delivery route influence absorption?

Answer 2

Parenteral/direct target delivery avoids first-pass metabolism/bioavailability barriers

Question 3

How can changing delivery route influence distribution?

Answer 3

Oral delivery maintains narrower circulating concentrations. Direct target delivery avoids off-target circulation

Question 4

How can changing delivery route influence metabolism?

Answer 4

Direct target delivery can avoid systemic metabolism. Parenteral delivery is subject to systemic metabolism

Question 5

How can change delivery route influence elimination?

Answer 5

Parenteral delivery is eliminated most rapidly while direct target delivery must distribute out the organ to be eliminated (or it can be eliminated in an organ-specific manner - ocular tear film)

Question 6

What are some considerations for moving between in-vitro and in-vivo experiments?

Answer 6

In-vitro experiments can’t model physiological PK, drug PD may impact their PK, pathophysiology might influence PK