Drug Design Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is pharmaceutics?
The formulation of a pure drug substance into a dosage form, involving drug design, development, and evaluation.
What does a pharmaceutical scientist do?
Characterizes drug properties, develops delivery systems, and evaluates ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion).
Define a drug
A molecular substance that alters physiology, activating or inhibiting biomolecules to provide therapeutic benefits.
What is drug design?
Finding new medications based on knowledge of biological targets like proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, or nucleic acids.
What is drug delivery?
Technologies to transport drugs to the target site, optimizing efficacy, saftey , and patient compliancy
What are the key principles in drug delivery?
Metabolism, Toxicity, Site Targeting, Administration Route, Drug Preparation
Name 2 stages in drug discovery
High-throughput screening (HTS) and hit-to-lead (H2L)
What is QSAR
Quantity Stucture Activity Relationship, predicting how molecular stucture affects activity and side effects
What is molecular docking
A computational technique predicting how molecules bind to form stable complexes
What is drug manufacturing?
Industrial scale production of pharmaceutical drugs using active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients
Define a unit solid dosage form (USDF).
Medication given in a single dose such as tablets or capsules
What is a monophasic liquid dosage form
A one phase system where solute dissolves in a solvent
How does particle size affect drug dissolution
Smaller particles dissolve quicker due to increased surface area
What is a biphasic liquid dosage form?
A two phase system like suspensions- (Solid Liquid) or emulsions-(Immiscible Liquids)
Define drug solubility
The maximum concentration of a drug that dissolves in a solvent under specific conditions
What are hydrophilic drugs?
Water soluble drugs that stay in the blood and interstitial fluid
What are lipophilic drugs?
Fat-Soluble drugs that concentrate in fatty tissues
What is drug stability
The ability of a drug to retain its properties throughout storage and use
What influences the choice of drug dosage forms
Patient age, Therapy duration, systematic vs local action and emergency needs
What are the major routes for drug administration?
Oral, Buccal, Rectal, Nasal, Inhalation, Parental, Topical
What are oral tablets
Tablets that are made by compaction, containing API , and excipients
Why are oral tablets coated
They are coated for stability, taste masking and controlled/modified release
What does the term ‘‘parental’’ mean
Administering drugs via injection through a needle to various sites, such as subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intrathecal
What are the disadvantages of the oral route?
Slow onset, Irregular Absorption, Potential drug destruction by enzymes, first pass metabolism and unsuitability for unconscious patients
