Drug development

Question 1

Stages of drug testing

Answer 1

Stage 1 - preclinical on human cells and tissues+ but this doesn’t show how the drug will effect an organ system
Stage 2 - Preclinical on live animals such as rabbits and mice to test for toxicity and dosage
and this is done because they are also mammals.This stage may raise ethical issues for animal testing
Stage 3 - clinical testing on humans as part of multiple stages in stage 3

Question 2

Stages of stage 3 (clinical testing on humans)

Answer 2

1. given to healthy volunteers to see any side effects to test for toxicity
2. Given to healthy volunteers to see max dosage without side effects
3. Given to people with the illness to test its efficiacy