Drug Indications

Question 1

What does carbimazole treat and at what dose?

Answer 1

Overactive thyroid: 15-40mg daily until patient becomes euthyroid then reduce to 5-15mg daily.

Question 2

What does montelukast treat and at what dose?

Answer 2

Asthma:

• 4mg-10mg once daily for children, depending on age
  10mg OD for adults, in the evening

Question 3

What does azathioprine treat and what doses?

Answer 3

It suppresses the immune system, and therefore treats conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s

Arthritis: Up to 2.5mg/kg daily in divided doses
Crohn’s: 2-2.5mg/kg daily

Question 4

What does circadin (melatonin) treat and at what dose?

Answer 4

Short-term insomnia- 2mg OD for up to 13 weeks, 1-2 hours before bedtime

Question 5

What does zopiclone treat and at what dose?

Answer 5

Insomnia (short-term)-
Adults: 7.5mg OD for up to 4 weeks at bedtime
Elderly: 3.75mg OD for up to 4 weeks at bedtime, up to 7.5mg if necessary

Question 6

What does sulfasalazine treat and at what dose?

Answer 6

Ulcerative colitis and crohn’s, also rheumatoid arthritis sometimes

Active Crohn’s: 1-2g QDS until remission, orally
Maintenance of Crohn’s remission: 500mg QDS orally

Question 7

What does methotrexate treat?

Answer 7

Rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, ectopic pregnancy

Question 8

What does olanzapine treat and at what dose?

Answer 8

Psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia

Schizophrenia/bipolar: 10mg daily, adjusted to 5-20mg according to response

Question 9

What does carbocisteine treat and at what dose?

Answer 9

COPD, it reduces sputum viscosity
- Initially 2.25g daily in divided doses, then reduced to 1.5g daily in divided doses as condition improves

Question 10

What does bumetanide treat and at what dose?

Answer 10

Fluid retention:
- Adult: 1mg in the morning then 1mg after 6-8 hours if required
-Elderly: 500mcg daily

Question 11

What does mycophenolate treat?

Answer 11

Organ rejection mostly

Question 12

What does doxazosin treat and at what dose?

Answer 12

Benign prostatic hyperplasia, hypertension (less preferred for high BP)

BPH and hypertension- immediate release initially 1mg OD, can be doubled at intervals of 1-2 weeks. Usually 2-4mg maintenance.
- Modified release 4mg OD, can be up to 8mg daily.

Question 13

What does hyoscine butylbromide treat and at what dose?

Answer 13

Stomach cramps and IBS

-IBS: 10mg TDS, increased if needed to 20mg QDS

Question 14

What do methylphenidate (Mediknet, concerta etc) tablets treat?

Answer 14

ADHD and, to a lesser extent, narcolepsy

Question 15

What does dosulepin treat and at what dose?

Answer 15

TCA that treats depression, especially where sedation is required

• 75mg daily in divided doses taken at bedtime, increased if necessary to 75-150mg.

Question 16

What does domperidone treat?

Answer 16

Nausea and vomiting

Question 17

What does trazodone treat?

Answer 17

Depression

Question 18

What can steroids be used to treat?

Answer 18

Allergies, certain types of cancers, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders

Question 19

What does tolterodine treat?

Answer 19

Frequent urination and urinary incontinence.

Question 20

What does tamsulosin treat?

Answer 20

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 21

What are glycerol suppositories used for?

Answer 21

To remove stool from the back passage

Question 22

What does colchicine treat?

Answer 22

Inflammation/pain- flare-ups of gout

Question 23

What is desmopressin used for?

Answer 23

Diabetes insipidus (water diabetes) and noctural enuresis (bedwetting)

Question 24

What is quinine sulfate used for?

Answer 24

Leg cramps/restless legs, and also malaria

Question 25

What is Abacavir used for?

Answer 25

HIV infection in combination with other antiretroviral drugs 600mg daily in 1-2 divided doses

Question 26

Aspirin Overview -CVD secondary prevention: 75mg OD -Analgesia: 300-900mg 4-6hourly -Pre-eclampsia prevention: 75-150mg OD from 12 weeks gestation -STEMI/NSTEMI: 300mg chewed or dispersed

Answer 26

.

Question 27

What is the difference between Primary prevention and Secondary prevention?

Answer 27

Primary= actions taken by an individual, e.g. losing weight, healthy diet etc. Can also include preventative medicines, such as low dose of statins to reduce cholesterol. Secondary= using medication to reduce the risk in high-risk individuals, such as those with known CVD or with previous events such as TIA, MI etc.

Question 28

What is ropinirole used for?

Answer 28

Parkinsons

Question 29

What are some infections that macrolide antibiotics (eg. erythromycin) treat?

Answer 29

Respiratory infections (pneumonia, whooping cough, chlamydia and mycoplasma infection) Skin infections

Question 30

What is pizotifen used for?

Answer 30

Preventing migraines

Question 31

Besides being an antidepressant, what else can duloxetine be used for?

Answer 31

-To manage stress urinary incontinence in women -Nerve pain

Question 32

What is acamprosate used for?

Answer 32

Indicated for therapy to maintain abstinence in alcohol dependent patients by reducing cravings

Question 33

What is amantadine used for, and why is it cautioned in congestive heart failure?

Answer 33

Used in Parkinsons, and can exacerbate oedema

Question 34

What is Selegiline used for?

Answer 34

Used to manage Parkinson's- it can cause hair loss as a side effect. Early treatment with this drug can delay the need for levodopa therapy

Question 35

What is vigabatrin used for?

Answer 35

Epilepsy- it can cause visual defects

Question 36

Fludrocortisone is indicated for treating postural hypotension. True or False?

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What is dapoxetine indicated for?

Answer 37

Managing premature ejaculation

Question 38

What is oxytocin indicated for?

Answer 38

The induction of labour

Question 39

Which electrolyte imbalance can pamidronate be used to correct?

Answer 39

Hypercalcaemia