Drug List Flashcards
(34 cards)
Norepinephrine
Therapeutic Use: Hypotension, shock, pressor agent
-alpha/beta1, 3 (beta 2) neuronal, non-circulating,
I: MAOI (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors), TCA (Tricyclic antidepressants)
Epinephrine
Use: allergic reactions, chock, CPR
-alpha/beta1 beta 2 (beta 3) adrenal medulla, circulate;
I: MAOI, TCA
Dopamine
Use: shock (renal vasodilatation,)
-alpha 1/beta 1/D receptors, precursor to NE,
I: MAOI
Pramiprexole
- associated with dopamine?
- uses: parkingsons D, Restless Leg syndrome (RLS)
- D-agonists, Prami
- SE: drowsiness
-Fenoldopam
-associated with dopamine (dopamine agonist)
-use: acute hypertension (it lowers BP), renal failure
-D receptor agonist, no action on alpha1 or Beta receptors
SE: increased HR, decrease in potassium
-normally dopamine (and similar agents increase BP, but this one is different and acts on a different receptor)
Isoproterenol
Use: asthma, cardiac stimulant
-beta, synthetic, not endogenous; BP (decrease or stay the same) increase HR
phenylephrine
Use: nasal decongestant, hypotension
-not commonly used for hypotension; S: CV, reflex bradycardia
Methoxamine
Use: Hypotension, pressor agent
related to phenylephrine:
-not commonly used for hypotension; S: CV, reflex bradycardia
*Clonidine
Use: Hypertension, opioid withdrawal
-selective alpha 2 agonist, decrease sympathetic outflow, inhibit NE release, SE: rebound HT (mostly if the patient just stops taking the drug, decrease dose gradually), dry mouth, sedation, impotence.
alpha-methyl-dopa
- use: hypertension (especially in pregnancy)
- selective alpha2 agonist
- it is metabolized to alpha-methyl-NE (alpha-2 agonist, positive Coombs test)
- related to clonidine
- it’s a “pro-drug”
dexmedetomidine
- use: sedation/analgesia (during surgery)
- alpha 2 agonist, no respiratory depression
- related to clonidine
- CNS action, iv for sedation/analgesia in surgery, less respiratory depression (bc one of the side effects of the alpha 2 agonists is sedation, they developed it specifically for this side effect, it’s not for BP regulation like the others)
- CAUTION: hypovolemic patient
Tizanidine
- use: decrease muscle spasticity (like in cases of wip-lash), Multiple sclerosis
- alpha 2-agonist, short-acting, inhibitors
- related to clonidine
Dobutamine
- use: Congestive Heart Failure, cardiac stimulant (minimal change in HR)
- Beta 1, iv infusion, increased CO, tolerance, desensitization
Albuterol
Use: asthma, COPD-bronchodilator
-beta2 selective
ritodrine
use: premature labor
beta2 selective
salmeterol
- asthma, COPD (LABAs-long acting)
- beta2 selective, 12 hr duration, increase adverse risk/death
L-Dopa
use: parkinson’s disease
- precursor to DA, cross into CNS –>DA
Ephedrine
- nasal decongestant, red eyes
- alpha/beta, also indirect to release NE; I: MAOI, TCA
Amphetamine
thera use: Narcolepsy, hyperactivity, (obesity)
-displaces NE, CNS stimulant, requires uptake 1, can cause tolerance, tachyphylaxis, ABC
Methylphenidate
use: Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- displaces NE, CNS stimulant, requires uptake 1, can cause tolerance, tachyphylaxis, ABC
- related to amphetamine
Tyramine
- use: none, (high) in red wine and cheese
- interaction with MAO inhibitors, –> hypertension
- not really a drug, just an amino acid with similar actions as amphetamines
Pheoxybenzamine
- use: Pheochromocytoma, actue, chronic Hypertension (HT)
- alpha 1, irreversible covalent bond, S: PHT, reflex increase HR
Phentolamine
-
prazosin
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