Drug List for Exam 4

Question 1

What is albumin?

Answer 1

• Albumin is a protein made by your liver.

Question 2

What does albumin do?

Answer 2

• Albumin helps keep fluid in your bloodstream, so it doesn’t leak into other tissues

Question 3

What do low albumin levels indicate?

Answer 3

• A problem with your liver or kidneys.

Question 4

What is albumin used to treat?

Answer 4

• Used to treat or prevent shock following serious injury, bleeding, surgery, or burns by increasing the volume of blood plasma by drawing it from the interstitial space into the intravascular
• This medicine can also replace low blood protein

Question 5

Daunorubicin is an anthracycline chemo (anticancer) drug that can cause

Answer 5

• Cardiotoxicity

Question 6

Daunorubicin (chemo drug) class?

Answer 6

• Antineoplastic agent

* Anthracycline (chemo drug)

Question 7

Daunorubicin (Chemo drug) sfx?

Answer 7

• Cardiotoxicity
• Extravasation
• Myelosuppression
• Alopecia
• Diarrhea
• Loss of appetite
• N/V

Question 8

Ferrous sulphate: Class and dosage info.

Answer 8

• Class: Iron supplement

* Dosage: 150-200mg 2/3 x’s daily

Question 9

What are the sfx of ferrous sulphate?

Answer 9

• Constipation/diarrhea
• Black stools
• Nausea
• Heartburn, abdominal/epigastric pain

Question 10

How is ferrous sulphate best absorbed?

Answer 10

• When take with orange juice

Question 11

When should ferrous sulphate be taken in relation to meals?

Answer 11

• Should be taken 1hr before meals

Question 12

Many individuals who need supplemental iron cannot tolerate ferrous sulphate because of the effects of the sulphate base. What is an acceptable substitute?

Answer 12

• ferrous gluconate

Question 13

Gabapentin (Neurontin) class?

Answer 13

• Anticonvulsant

* Neuropathic Pain Agent

Question 14

Gabapentin (Neurontin) use?

Answer 14

• To help manage certain epileptic seizures and

* Relieve neuropathic pain for some conditions, such as shingles

Question 15

Gabapentin (Neurontin) patient edu?

Answer 15

• Do not discontinue medication quickly after long-term use, withdrawal-precipitated seizures may occur
• Do not double dose; if dose is missed, take if 2 hr or more before next dose

Question 16

Heparin: Class?

Answer 16

• Anticoag

Question 17

Heparin: Method of Action

Answer 17

• Prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin and prothrombin to thrombin

Question 18

Heparin: Use

Answer 18

• Prevention of MI
• DIC
• A-Fib
• Dialysis
• Maintain patency of indwelling venipuncture devices

Question 19

Heparin: Adverse effect

Answer 19

• Anything bleeding and anticlotting

Question 20

Heparin: Contraindications

Answer 20

• Allergy to corn or pork

Question 21

Heparin: Antidote?

Answer 21

• Protamine sulfate

Question 22

Heparin: What clotting measurement is used?

Answer 22

• PTT

Question 23

Leucovorin: Class?

Answer 23

• Methotrexate rescue

Question 24

What is Leucovorin?

Answer 24

• A reduced folic acid

Question 25

Leucovorin: Use?

Answer 25

* in combination with other chemotherapy drugs to enhance effectiveness * Megaloblastic or macrocytic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency * Overdose of folic acid antagonist * Methotrexate toxicity

Question 26

Luteinizing Hormone: What does it do to males?

Answer 26

• Causes the testicles to make testosterone, which is important for producing sperm.

Question 27

How do we want to affect Luteinizing Hormone w/ prostate cancer?

Answer 27

• Lower it w/ drugs that prohibit its receptors

Question 28

What is the effect of LH hormonal therapy for prostate cancer?

Answer 28

• Lowers LH and testosterone

Question 29

Side effects of LH hormonal therapy for prostate cancer?

Answer 29

* Hot flashes, * Gynecomastia * Loss of libido * ED

Question 30

What drugs interfere with the absorption of folic acid?

Answer 30

* Methotrexate (antineoplastic agent used to treat leukemia and other cancers) * Antiseizure drugs (phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin))

Question 31

Methotrexate: Class

Answer 31

* Antineoplastic | * Folic acid antagonist

Question 32

Methotrexate: Action

Answer 32

* Inhibits an enzyme that reduces folic acid | * Immunosuppressive

Question 33

Methotrexate: Use

Answer 33

* It can treat cancer of the blood, bone, lung, breast, head, and neck. * It can also treat rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.

Question 34

How do you reverse methotrexate toxicity?

Answer 34

• Leucovorin rescue must be started within 24 to 48 hours of methotrexate initiation, or within 24 hours of completion

Question 35

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is what type of drug and how does it treat breast cancer?

Answer 35

* It is an anti-estrogen | * By blocking estrogen, it starves the tumor of it and the tumor shrinks

Question 36

Tamoxifen: Class?

Answer 36

* Antineoplastic | * Antiestrogen

Question 37

Tamoxifen: Action

Answer 37

• Inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 38

Tamoxifen: Therapeutic Outcome

Answer 38

• Prevention of rapidly growing malignant cells

Question 39

Tamoxifen: Contraindication

Answer 39

• Pregnancy, breastfeeding

Question 40

Tamoxifen: hematological sfx?

Answer 40

* Thrombocytopenia * Leukopenia * Deep vein thrombosis

Question 41

When starting Tamoxifen, what nursing assessments should be done?

Answer 41

* Assess for tumor flare: increase in bone, tumor pain during beginning treatment; give analgesics as ordered to decrease pain * Severe allergic reactions: Rash, pruritus, urticaria, purpuric skin lesions, itching, flushing

Question 42

What is vitamin K the antidote for?

Answer 42

• Warfarin

Question 43

Vitamin K is a

Answer 43

• Clotting factor

Question 44

Warfarin: Class

Answer 44

• Anticoag

Question 45

Does Warfarin affect PT or PTT?

Answer 45

• PT/INR

Question 46

Warfarin: Action

Answer 46

* Interferes with blood clotting by indirect means | * Depresses hepatic synthesis of vit K–dependent coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X)

Question 47

Warfarin: Therapeutic outcome

Answer 47

• Prevention of clotting or pulmonary embolism

Question 48

Warfarin: Contraindications

Answer 48

• Pregnancy, any condition that promotes bleeding