Drug Names Flashcards by Jodie Morrison

Disopyramide and lidocaine

Class 1, na channel blocker. Bind to open and refractory state to abort premature beat.
Vent arrhythmia

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Atenolol, propranolol, timolol, metoprolol

Class 2 beta adrenoceptors blocker, > refractory period through AV.
for antiarrhythmias following MI, tachyarrhythmias and HTN

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Sotalol

Class 3 k rectifier blocker, prolong repolarisation and > refractory period.
Arrythmias

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Verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine

Class 4 ca channel blocker. < rate depolarisation and force contraction.
PSVT, AF and HTN

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Digoxin

Cardiac glycoside, inhibit Na/k pump which will > ca > force contraction.
Heart failure

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Gtn, isosorbide mononitrate, dinitrate

Organic nitrate. NO to cGMP to block ca to vasodilation.

Angina, HF

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Aspirin

Antiplatelet drug. Inhibit cox 1 to < syn of TXA2 to inhib platelet aggregation.
Angina

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Captopril, enalapril, forsinopril

ACE inhibitor for HTN. Prevent angiotensin 1 to 2 causing vasodilation.

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Candesartan, losartan, eprosartan

Angiotensin 2 antagonist inhibit vasoconstriction and aldosterone release for HTN

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Doxazosin

Alpha 1 antagonist. Block alpha 1 receptor leading to vasodilation.
HTN

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Bendroflumethiazide

Thiazide diuretic for HTN

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Simvastatin, pravastatin, atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Reversibly inhibit 3hmgcoa reductase to < synth of cholesterol to < cholesterol, > LDL receptors and increase clearance.
hypercholesterol.

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Heparin, warfarin, fondaparinux, bivalirudin, rivaroxaban

Anticoagulant
Heparin bind to natural inhib of clotting process antithrombin III
Warfrin similar to vit k, competitive inhib of vit k reductase inhib several blood clotting factors.

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Salbutamol and terbutaline

Beta 2 adrenoceptors agonist, > cAMP < ca to ms relax and bronchodilation.
Short acting reliever

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Salmeterol and eformoterol

Beta 2 adrenoceptor agonist, long acting controller

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Ipratropium and tiotropium

Muscarinic antagonist for severe asthma and copd

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Methylaxanthines and theophylline (aminophylline)

Phosphodiestease inhibitors (PDI) inhibitor.PDI break down cAMP therefore inhibit leads to > cAMP to bronchodilation.
Mod to severe asthma and copd

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Beclomethasone and budesonide

Glucocorticoid. < eosinophils! histamine release and IgE.

preventer, asthma

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Cromoglycate and nedocromil

Mast cell stabiliser, prevent release of inflam mediators

preventer asthma

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Montelukast

Leukotriene receptor antagonist, decrease smooth ms contraction n mucus prod
Preventer, asthma

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Promethazine, loratadine, fexofenadine

Antihistamine. Inhibit histamine induced vasodilation by blocking h1 receptor which will decrease capillary permeability.
Hay fever

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Xylometazoline, pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

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Sympathomimetic decongestant. Reduce oedema and congestion by alpha 1 adrenergic receptor agonist causing local vasoconstriction
Congestion

Metformin

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Biguanides. Increase glucose uptake, decrease hepatic glucose prod, reduce VLDL and increase insulin sensitivity.
Type 2

glibenclamide and glipizide

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Sulfonylureas. Inhib atp sensitive k channels lead to depo of B cells leading to insulin release.
Increase no insulin receptor on target cells
Type 2

Frusemide

Loop diuretic, ascending limb loop henle. Block co transporters of Na n electrolytes to increase loss of water APO, HF, HTN

Bendroflumethiazide and hydrochlorothiazide

Thiazide diuretic, distal tubules. Block co transporters carriers for NA and other electrolytes. Uncomplicated HTN

Spironolactone and amiloride

Potassium sparing diuretic in collecting tubules Compete with aldosterone for Na/K exchanger leading to inhibit Na retention and k secretion. Used with loop or Thiazide to prevent k loss

Buspirone

Serotonin agonist. Stimulate 5-HT 1 receptor. | anxiety and sleep disorders

Phenobarbitone

Barbiturates. Effect GABBA receptor and open up Cl channels | For general anaesthetic

Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine

H2 receptor antagonist lead to decrease histamine, gastric and ACh Gastric and duodenal ulcer

Omeprazole and lansoprazole

PPI. Irreversibly inhibit H/K ATPase in parietal cells lead to < gastric acid secretion Gastric and duodenal ulcers and severe gords

Pirenzepine

Muscarinic antagonist. Inhibit M1 receptor on parietal cell lead to < gastric acid secretion. Gastric and duodenal ulcers

Aluminium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate

Antacids. Weak base neutralise HCI, slim bicarbonate prod and reduce H. Pyloric Peptic ulcer and reflux

Misoprostal

Prostaglandins. Inhibit gastric acid and gastric production, stim mucus and bicarbonate secretion Prevent ulcers induced by NSAIDs

Sucralfute

Aluminium sucrose sulfate, thick paste, mechanical protection. Heal duodenal ulcers

Cyclizine

H1 receptor antagonist | Nausea and vomiting

Hyoscine

Muscarinic antagonist | Motion sickness

Phenothiazine and metoclopramide

Dopamine antagonist. Block dopamine D2 receptor in CTZ | Vomiting from chemo

Ondansetron and granisetron

5 HT 3 receptor antagonist in CTZ | Vomiting

Lactulose and magnesium sulphate

Osmotic laxative. > osmotic pressure and pull back water in lumen. Constipation onset 1-3 hrs

Senna and disacodyl

Stimulant laxative. Stim enteric nerve to > peristaltic movement. Constipation onset 6-12 hrs

Levodopa

Dopamine precursor, Parkinson disease

Pramipexole

Dopamine agonist. Parkinson's disease

Beta interferons, glatiramer

Damp down excessive immune response for MS

Fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine, sertraline and fluvoxamine

SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhib. Block reuptake of 5-HT , serotonin stays in synaptic cleft longer. depression

Amitriptyline, imipramine, trimipramine, desipramine

TCA, tricyclic antidepressant drug. Block reuptake of noradrenaline. Depression. But low therapeutic des so dangerous in OD.

Phenelzine, tranylcypromine, moclobemide

MAOIs, monoamine oxidase inhib. Block MAO enzyme that breaks down noradrenaline, serotonin and dopamine. Depression

Diazepam (Valium), lorazepam, alpazolam

Benzodiazepine, anxiety n insomnia, seizures, ms spasms and panic disorders

Carbochol, pilocarpine

Muscarinic receptor agonist for glaucoma. Constrict ciliary muscles

Donepezil, gulantamine | Neostigimine

Both reversible inactivate cholinesterase leading to decrease in ach degranulation prolonging ach effect on muscarinic and nicotonic receptors. Anticholinisterase drug for Alzheimer's by increasing effect of ach Myasthenia gravies

Dobutamine, isoprenaline

Beta 1 adrenoceptor agonist. Circulatory shock, ca straight into heart, hypotension

selegiline

Monoamine oxidase b inhibitor, Parkinson's disease. Inhibits enzyme that breaks down dopamine

scopolamine, atropine, ipratropium bromide

All muscarinic antagonists, (parasympatholyrics) because they reduce PNS activity.

Pethidine

Narcotic analgesic. Use in labour, mod to severe pain. Less potent than morph

Drug Names Flashcards

(54 cards)