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SDCEP Guidance Documents > Drug Prescribing > Flashcards

Drug Prescribing Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the medical emergency drug and dose for anaphylaxis

A

adrenaline 1ml ampoules injected IM

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2
Q

what is the medical emergency drug for myocardial infarction/stroke

A

aspirin 300mg dispersible tablets

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3
Q

what is the medical emergency drug for hypoglycaemia

A

glucagon 1mg IM
oral glucose

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4
Q

what is the medical emergency drug for angina

A

GTN 400mcg spray

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5
Q

what is the medical emergency drug for seizures

A

midazolam 5mg/ml oromucosal buccal administration

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6
Q

what is the medical emergency drug for asthma attacks

A

salbutamol 100mcg inhaler

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7
Q

what type of antihistamines might dental practices stock just in case of allergies

A

cetirizine
chlorphenamine
loratadine

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8
Q

what are the key signs of anaphylaxis

A

marked upper airway oedema and bronchospasm causing stridor and wheezing
tachycardia

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9
Q

what are the symptoms of anaphylaxis

A

abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea and sense of impending doom
flushing
mild allergy symptoms

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10
Q

what is the priority for patients with anaphylaxis

A

transfer the patient to hospital

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11
Q

what should you do if someone has anaphylaxis in your practice

A

administer 100% oxygen and adrenaline

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12
Q

what are the key signs of mild allergy

A

urticaria and rash on chest and hands
rhinitis
conjunctivitis
mild bronchospasm

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13
Q

what is the dose for cetirizine

A

10mg tablet

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14
Q

what is the dose for chlorphenamine

A

4mg tablet

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15
Q

what is the dose for loratadine

A

10mg tablet

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16
Q

what should you do if someone displays signs of mild bronchospasm

A

administer salbutamol inhaler 4 puffs (100mcg)

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17
Q

what are the key signs of life threatening asthma

A

cyanosis or respiratory rate <8 per minute
bradycardia
exhaustion, confusion

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18
Q

what are the key signs of severe asthma

A

inability to complete sentences in one breath
respiratory rate >25 per minute
tachycardia

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19
Q

what do you do if the patient has an asthma attack

A

administer 100% O2
administer patients own bronchodilator or salbutamol

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20
Q

what do you do if the patient has angina or MI

A

administer 100% O2
give GTN 2 puffs
give aspirin 300mg

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21
Q

what is the key sign of acute coronary syndromes

A

progressive onset of severe, crushing pain in the centre and across the front of the chest which can radiate to shoulders and down arms

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22
Q

what do the symptoms of acute coronary syndromes include

A

shortness of breath
increased respiratory rate
pale and clammy skin
nausea and vomiting
pulse weak and BP fall

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23
Q

what are the key signs of cardiac arrest

A

loss of consciousness
absence of normal breathing
loss of pulse
dilation of pupils

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24
Q

what do you do if a patient is having a cardiac arrest

A

BLS

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25
what are the key signs of epilepsy
sudden loss of consciousness jerking movements of limbs
26
what are the symptoms of an epileptic seizure
brief warning or aura frothing from mouth and urinary incontinence
27
what do you do if a patient has a seizure
do not restrain convulsive movements ensure they are not at risk from injury secure the patients airway administer 100% O2 administer midazolam
28
what are the key signs of a faint
patient feels faint slow pulse rate loss of consciousness
29
what are the symptoms of a faint
pallor and sweating nausea and vomiting
30
what do you do if a patient faints
lay flat and raise legs administer O2
31
what are the key signs of hypoglycaemia
aggression and confusion sweating tachycardia
32
what are the symptoms of hypoglycaemia
shaking and trembling difficulty concentrating slurring of speech headache fitting unconsciousness
33
what is the management of hypoglycaemia
administer O2 administer oral glucose administer glucagon 1mg
34
what are the key signs of stroke
facial weakness arm weakness communication problems
35
what do you do if a patient is having a stroke
administer patient send to hospital
36
what are the signs and symptoms of aspiration/choking
cough and splutter breathing difficulty stridor paradoxical chest or abdominal movements cyanosed and lose consciousness
37
how do you manage aspiration
administer 100% O2 administer a salbutamol inhaler 4 puffs
38
what drug is used for anxiety and what is the dose
diazepam 5mg 1 tablet 2 hours before procedure
39
what is the issue with diazepam
it is addictive
40
when is antibiotic use appropriate
spreading infection systemic involvement NUG pericoronitis sinusitis
41
if you are giving the patient antibiotics what should you also do
measure temperature
42
if pus is present in a dental abscess what do you do
drain by extraction of the tooth or through the root canals
43
if pus is present in a soft tissue what do you do
drain by incision
44
what is the antibiotic and dose for dental abscesses if local measures do not work or if there is systemic involvement
amoxicillin 500mg 1 capsule three times a day for 5 days phenoxymethylpenicillin 250mg 2 tablets four times daily for 5 days
45
if a patient needs an antibiotic for a bacterial infection but is allergic to penicillin what antibiotic is given and what is the dose
metronidazole 400mg 1 tablet three times a day for 5 days
46
what are the second line antibiotics for dental abscesses
clindamycin co-amoxiclav clarithromycin
47
what is the dose of clindamycin for dental infection
clindamycin 150mg 1 capsule four times daily swallowed with water
48
what is the local measure for NUG
remove supra-gingival and sub-gingival deposits and provide oral hygiene advice
49
what is the local measure for pericoronitis
irrigate and debride
50
what is the antibiotic dose for NUG/pericoronitis
metronidazole 400mg 1 tablet 3 times a day for 3 days
51
what should the local measure be for sinusitis
steam inhalation
52
if drug treatment is required for sinusitis what is given first
ephedrine nasal drops 0.5% 1 drop each nostril up to 3x daily when required
53
if an antibiotic is required for sinusitis what is given
phenoxymethylpenicillin tablets 250mg 2 tablets four times daily
54
what is the fluconazole dose for candida infections
fluconazole capsules 50mg 1 capsule daily for 7 days
55
what is the miconazole dose for candida infections
miconazole oromucosal gel 20mg/g apply pea sized amount after food four times daily
56
what are the contraindications to using azoles
warfarin and statins
57
if a patient cannot use azoles for a fungal infection what is used and what is the dose
nystatin oral suspension 100,000 units/ml 1ml after food four times daily for 7 days. hold near lesion for 5 minutes
58
if a patient has denture stomatitis what would be a good recommendation for taking miconazole
apply to the denture fitting surface
59
if a patient has angular cheilitis what is given
miconazole cream 2% apply to angles of mouth twice daily
60
in unresponsive cases of angular cheilitis what can be given
miconazole 2% and hydrocortisone 1% cream/ointment apply to angles of mouth twice daily
61
what mouthwash could a patient use for intra-oral herpes simplex infections
chlorhexidine mouthwash 0.2% rinse mouth for 1 minute with 10ml twice daily
62
what antiviral can be used for infections in immunocompromised patients/severe infections in non-immunocompromised patients
aciclovir tablets 200mg 1 tablet 5 times daily for 5 days
63
what antiviral cream can be given to treat herpes labialis
aciclovir cream 5% apply every 4 hours for 5 days
64
what is the drug and dose for varicella zoster infections
aciclovir tablets 800mg 1 tablet five times daily for 7 days
65
what do systemic antiviral agents do for patients with herpes zoster
reduce pain reduce incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia and viral shedding
66
what is the paracetamol dose for odontogenic pain
paracetamol tablets 500mg 2 tablets four times daily
67
what is the ibuprofen dose for odontogenic pain
ibuprofen tablets 400mg 1 tablet four times daily
68
in patients who have history of peptic ulcer disease and need an NSAID what do we also give them
lansoprazole or omeprazole
69
what drug is given for trigeminal neuralgia
carbamazepine tablets 100mg 1 tablet twice daily
70
what should the local measures be if you want to make a simple mouthwash
rinse with salt solution of half a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water
71
if the patient needs an antimicrobial mouthwash what can be given
chlorhexidine mouthwash 0.2% rinse mouth for 1 minute with 10ml twice daily hydrogen peroxide mouthwash 6% rinse mouth for 2mins with 15ml diluted in half a glass of warm water three times daily
72
what analgesics can be given for oral lesions
benzydamine mouthwash 0.15% rinse or gargle using 15ml every 1.5 hours benzydamine oromucosal spray 0.15% 4 sprays onto affected area every 1.5hrs lidocaine ointment 5% lidocaine spray 10%
73
what is the dose of beclomethasone for oral lesions
clenil 50mcg MDI 1-2puffs twice daily
74
what is the dose of betamethasone for oral lesions
betamethasone 500mcg tablets 1 tablet dissolved in 10ml water 4x daily
75
what is the dose of hydrocortisone oromucosal tablets for oral lesions
hydrocortisone oromucosal tablets 2.5mg 1 tablet dissolved next to lesion 4x daily
76
what saliva substitutes can be given for dry mouth
artificial saliva gel artificial saliva oral spray artificial saliva pastilles saliva orthana
77
what sodium fluoride preparations can be given
sodium fluoride toothpaste 0.619% sodium fluoride toothpaste 1.1% sodium fluoride mouthwash 0.05%
78
who cannot take penicillin
allergies to penicillin
79
who cannot take metronidazole
hypersensitivity warfarin
80

SDCEP Guidance Documents (11 decks)

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