Drug quiz 4

Question 1

Lidocaine (1B)

Answer 1

class 1 antiarrythmic- sodium channel blocker

• IV treatment for ventricular arrhythmias (for acute myocardial infarction, digoxin poisoning, cardioversion, or cardiac catheterization) if amiodarone is not available or contraindicated.
• also a local anaesthetic

Question 2

Atenolol

Answer 2

unclassified antiarrythmic: Beta adrenoceptor blockers (B blocker)

• angina
• treatment after MI
• with or without antihypertensives

Question 3

Salbutamol

Answer 3

short acting B2 agonist: β adrenoceptor agonists

• symptomatic relief for asthamtics (may be used prior to exercise)

Question 4

Cyclizine

Answer 4

Drugs for Nausea and Vomiting: H₁ antagonists

Question 5

Rotigotine

Answer 5

Drugs used in Parkinson’s disease:Dopamine Receptor Agonists

• parkinsons
• restless leg syndrome

Question 6

Paclitaxel

Answer 6

antimetabolite: Taxane

(Microtubule depolymerisation inhibitor)

• ovarian and breast cancer

Question 7

Methotrexate

Answer 7

• cancer ( Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor)
• RA (indirect suppression of adhesion molecules on T-cells and neutrophils?)

Question 8

Diclofenac

Answer 8

NSAID: Cyclooxygenase inhibitors – differing selectivity for COX-1 and COX-2

• pain and inflammation
  
  • ​RA
  • POST OP pain

Question 9

Gliclazide

Answer 9

Sulfonylureas: ATP sensitive potassium channel blocker

• DM

Question 10

Canagliflozin

Answer 10

flozin LSodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors

• DM

Question 11

Naproxen

Answer 11

NSAIDL Cyclooxygenase inhibitors – differing selectivity for COX-1 and COX-2

• OA/RA

Question 12

Infliximab

Answer 12

TNF-**α inhibitors

• Crohns
• RA

Question 13

Cyclophosphamide

Answer 13

Antiproliferative immunosuppressants

• RA

Question 14

Nitrofurantoin

Answer 14

UTI antibiotic

Question 15

Lansoprazole

Answer 15

Proton pump inhibitors

• Gastirtis
• GORD
• H.pylori eradication

Question 16

Verapamil

Answer 16

Class IV Antiarrythmic: calcium channel blocker

• supraventricular arrhythmias
• angina
• hypertension

Question 17

Propranolol

Answer 17

Beta adrenoceptor blockers

• arrythmia
• hypertension
• essential tremor
• MI
• angina
  *

Question 18

Glycerol suppository

Answer 18

stimulant laxatives

Enhance gut motility and increase water and electrolyte transfer into the lower gut

Question 19

Loperamide

Answer 19

anti-motility drug: intestinal u-receptor agonist

• diarrhea
• faecal incontinence

Question 20

Sotalol

Answer 20

class III antiarrythmic: potassium

• ventricular tachyarrythmias

Question 22

Furosemide

Answer 22

loop diuretic: Inhibition of Na/K/2Cl co-transporter in the loop of Henle

• oedema e.g. nephrotic syndrome
• resistant hypertension

Question 23

Doxazosin

Answer 23

Alpha adrenoceptor blockers

• hypertension
• BPH

Question 24

Lisinopril

Answer 24

ACE inhibitors (ACEi): Inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme

• essential hypertension
• HF

Question 25

Fondaparinux

Answer 25

Synthetic (heparin) pentasaccharide: *Inhibition of active clotting factor Xa* * *prophylaxis for VTE e.g. before surgery, immbolisation* * treatment for DVT and PE

Question 26

Dipyridamole

Answer 26

antiplatelet: *Phosphodiesterase inhibitor and inhibition of adenosine reuptake in platelets* * *secondary prevention of ischaemic stroke (not associated with AF)*

Question 27

Fenofibrate

Answer 27

antiplatelet agent: fibrate: PPAR-α activator * Adjunct to diet and other appropriate measures in mixed hyperlipidaemia if statin contraindicated or not tolerated,

Question 28

Tranexamic acid

Answer 28

Antifibrinolytics: *Inhibit the activation of plasminogen from plasmin* * Menorrhagia * Local fibrinolysis * Epistaxis * Prevention and treatment of significant haemorrhage following trauma

Question 29

Tiotropium bromide

Answer 29

long action anti-muscarinic * prevent wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness in patients with **chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,** such as chronic bronchitis (swelling of the air passages that lead to the lungs) and emphysema

Question 30

Midazolam

Answer 30

**Anxiolytics:** *Increase GABA activity (inhibitory neurotransmitter)* * seizure * conscious sedation for procedures * premedication * palliative care