Drug Slides - Week 3 (Part 2) - Exam 1 Flashcards

Drugs for Allergic Rhinitis & Common Cold: Diphenhydramine, Fluticasone, Oxymetazoline, Dextromethorphan (33 cards)

1
Q

What are the two branches of the Autonomic Nervous System?

A
  1. sympathetic branch
  2. parasympathetic branch
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2
Q

Sympathetic response in r/t allergies or cold

A

constriction of arterioles, reducing thickness of mucosal layer

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3
Q

parasympathetic response in r/t allergies or cold

A

dilation increasing thickness of mucosal layer

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4
Q

what is a sympathomimetic?

A

(of a drug) producing physiological effects characteristic of sympathetic nervous system by promoting stimulation of sympathetic nerves

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5
Q

Sympathothomimetc will therefore …

A

shrink the nasal mucosa, relieving nasal stuffiness with common cold

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6
Q

what does an H1 receptor do?

A

histamine

widely distributed through out body (smooth muscle of airway, CV, endothelial cells, and lymphocytes) are associated with allergic reactions

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7
Q

what does an H2 receptor do?

A

histamine; found in gastric mucosa, responsible for peptic ulcers

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8
Q

Diphenhydramine: therapeutic class?

A

drug to treat allergies

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9
Q

diphenhydramine: pharmacologic class?

A

H1-receptor antagonist; antihistamine

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10
Q

Diphenhydramine: trade name?

A

benadryl

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11
Q

Diphenhydramine: Actions and Uses

A

H1 receptor antagonist; treat minor allergy symptoms

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12
Q

Diphenhydramine: Adverse effects

A

significant drowsiness

paradoxical CNS stimulation

anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, tachycardia, mild hypotension

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13
Q

Diphenhydramine: contraindications

A

hypersensitity to drug; gi obstruction; asthma; hyperthyroidisim

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14
Q

Diphenhydramine: Interactions. drug to drug

A

alcohol, opioids increase sedation

hyperintensive crisis

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15
Q

Diphenhydramine: lab tests

A

discontinued 4 days prior to skin allergy test, false negative

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16
Q

Fluticasone: theraputic class?

A

drug for allergic rhinitis

17
Q

fluticasone pharmacologic class?

A

intranasal corticosteroid

18
Q

Fluticasone: actions and uses

A

treat seasonal allergic rhinitis; decrease local inflammation in nasal passages

19
Q

Fluticasone: Adverse Effects

A

rare; nasal irritation; nose bleed; headache

20
Q

Fluticasone: interactions drug to drug

A

increased nasal irritation

21
Q

Oxymetazoline therapeutic class

A

nasal dicongestant

22
Q

oxymetazoline pharmacologic class

A

sympathomimetic

23
Q

Oxymetazoline contraindicaitons

A

thyroid disorders, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease

24
Q

oxymetazoline: actions and uses

A

activates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system; nasal arterioles to constric, drying mucous membranes

25
oxymetazoline: trade name
afrin
26
oxymetazoline: adverse effects
rebound congestion; minor stinging, dryness;
27
Dextromethorphan: trade name
delsym, robitussin dm
28
dextromethorphan: therapeutic class
cough supressant
29
dextromethorphan pharmacologic class
drug for increasing cough threshold
30
dextromethorphan: actions and uses
nonopioid drug component in many otc severe cold and flu preparations rapid onset of action.
31
dextromethorphan: adverse effects
rare; dizzy; drowsy, gi upset; cns toxicity
32
dextromethorphan: interactions drug to drug
excitation, hallucinations, hyperpyrexia, sedation
33
dextromethorphan: contraindicaitons
treatment of chronic cough children under 6 years old