Drug Treatments for Tuberculosis Flashcards
What is RIPE
Rifampin/ Rifadin
Isoniazid (INH) / Nitrazid
Pyrazinamide/ Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol/ Myambutol
What drug class is Isoniazid
anti-biotic
What is the MOA of isoniazid
Isoniazid is a pro-drug and must be activated by bacterial catalase. The activated form of INH inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acid in the mycobacterial cell wall
If using RIPE treatment, what lab tests must be done
LFT should be done every month
what are side effects of isoniazid
Rash, abnormal liver function tests, hepatitis, sideroblastic anemia, peripheral neuropathy and CNS effects (pain without cause)
What must be included with a isoniazid prescription
pyridoxine (B6) must be given concomitantly because isoniazid depletes it
What are the indications of rifampin
Tuberculosis, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and prophylactic therapy against meningococcal infection from Neisseria meningitidis
What is the MOA of rifampin
Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in bacterial cells thus preventing transcription of messenger RNA and subsequent translation to protein production
What are side effects of rifampin
Fever, upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, rash. Hepatotoxicity with liver damage and jaundice can occur. Liver function tests must be followed
What is pyrazinamide
nicotinamide analog with an unknown mechanism of action in the treatment of Mycobacterium
What is ethambutol
inhibits mycolic acid synthesis in the mycobacterial cell wall
Why is RIPE or another multi-drug treatment done for tuberculosis
To address drug resistant TB
What is done for drug resistant TB
The 7 drugs that make up SHREZS MC are Streptomycin + Hydrazine + Rifampin + Ethambutol + pyraZinamide + Moxifloxacin (a fluoroquinolone) and Cycloserine (a broad spectrum antibiotic)
