Drug types

Question 1

What are the types of cardiac drugs?

Answer 1

• Calcium channel blockers
• ACE inhibitors
• BETA blockers

Question 2

What are calcium channel blockers?

Answer 2

• Used to lower blood pressure
• Used in treatment of hypertension
• They stop calcium from entering the cells of the heart and arteries
• Calcium causes the heart and arteries to squeeze more strongly
• By blocking calcium, calcium channel blockers allow blood vessels to relax and open

Question 3

What are some examples of calcium channel blockers?

Answer 3

• Amlodipine
• Felodipine
• Isradipine
• Nifedipine

Question 4

What are ACE inhibitors?

Answer 4

• Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors
• Used to lower blood pressure and manage hypertension
• Used in treatment in heart failure
• ACE inhibitors prevent an enzyme in the body from making angiotensin 2, a substance that narrows blood vessels
• Angiotensin 2 also releases hormones that raise blood pressure

Question 5

What are examples of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 5

• Captopril
• Ramipril
• Perindopril
• Imidapril
• Lisinopril

Question 6

What are BETA blockers?

Answer 6

• Used to lower blood pressure in treatment of hypertension
• Used in treatment of heart failure and post MI (heart attack)
• The medicines block the effects of the hormone adrenaline
• Beta blockers cause the heart to beat more slowly and with less force. This lowers blood pressure. Beta blockers also help widen veins and arteries to improve blood flow.

Question 7

What are examples of BETA blockers?

Answer 7

• Atenolol
• Bisoprolol
• Propranolol

Question 8

What is the name of lipid lowering drugs?

Answer 8

Statins

Question 9

What are statins?

Answer 9

• Drugs that lower cholesterol
• They block a substance the body needs to make cholesterol
• Cholesterol is a risk factor of heart disease and strokes as it is a fatty substance

Question 10

What are examples of statins?

Answer 10

• Atorvastatin
• Simvastatin
• Fluvastatin

Question 11

What are examples of penicillin based antibiotics?

Answer 11

• Tazocin
• Amoxicillin
• Flucloxacillin
• Co-amoxiclav

Question 12

What are antibiotics?

Answer 12

• Antibiotics are used to treat or prevent some types of bacterial infection
• They kill bacteria or prevent them from reproducing and spreading

Question 13

What are examples of non-penicillin based antibiotics?

Answer 13

• Gentamicin
• Erythromycin
• Clarithromycin
• Vancomycin
• Meropenem
• Ertapenem
• Ceftazidime
• Cefuroxime
• Cefalexin

Question 14

What are antiemetics?

Answer 14

• Medications aimed at preventing or treating nausea and vomiting

Question 15

What are examples of antimetics?

Answer 15

• Metoclopramide
• Domperidone
• Ondansetron
• Cyclizine
• Dexamethasone
• Haloperidol

Question 16

What are steroids/corticosteroids?

Answer 16

• Corticosteroids help reduce inflammation
• This can ease symptoms of inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis, asthma and skin rashes
• Corticosteroids also suppress the immune system. This can help control conditions in which the immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues.

Question 17

What are examples of steroids?

Answer 17

• Dexamethasone
• Prednisolone
• Hydrocortisone
• Betamethasone

Question 18

What are analgesics?

Answer 18

Painkillers

Question 19

What are the two types of analgesics?

Answer 19

• NSAIDs
• Opioids

Question 20

What are NSAIDs?

Answer 20

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are members of a therapeutic drug class which reduces pain, decreases inflammation, decreases fever, and prevents blood clots.

Question 21

What are examples of NSAIDs?

Answer 21

• Aspirin
• Ibuprofen
• Naproxen
• Diclofenac

Question 22

What are opioids?

Answer 22

• Opioid medicines travel through the blood and attach to opioid receptors in brain cells
• This blocks pain messages and can boost feelings of pleasure
• At lower doses, opioids may make you feel sleepy. But higher doses can slow your breathing and heart rate, which can lead to death

Question 23

What are examples of opioids?

Answer 23

• Morphine
• Diamorphine (heroin)
• Fentanyl
• Methadone
• Oxycodone
• Tramadol
• Codeine
• Buprenorphine
• Dihydrocodeine

Question 24

What are diuretics?

Answer 24

• Medicines that help reduce fluid build-up in the body
• Most diuretics help the kidneys remove salt and water through the urine
• This lowers the amount of fluid flowing through the veins and arteries
• As a result, blood pressure goes down

Question 25

What are examples of diuretics?

Answer 25

- Furosemide - Bumetanide - Indapamide - Amiloride - Spironolactone

Question 26

What are examples of drugs for treating depression and anxiety?

Answer 26

- Lorazepam - Citalopram - Sertraline - Amitriptyline - Fluoxetine - Escitalopram - Haloperidol

Question 27

What are the examples of quick acting insulin in the treatment of diabetes?

Answer 27

- Humalog - Actrapid - Novorapid

Question 28

What are the examples of long acting insulin in the treatment of diabetes?

Answer 28

- Humulin - Lantus - Levemir

Question 29

What are the examples of oral drugs in the treatment of diabetes?

Answer 29

- Gliclazide - Metformin - Sitagliptin - Saxagliptin - Liraglutide - Exenatide

Question 30

What are antacids?

Answer 30

- An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach - Some antacids have been used in the treatment of constipation and diarrhoea

Question 31

What are examples of antacids?

Answer 31

- Omeprazole - Lansoprazole - Pantoprazole - Ranitidine - Famotidine - Gaviscon

Question 32

What are examples of drugs used for the bowels?

Answer 32

- Imodium - Senna - Sodium docusate - Lactulose - Moviprep - Laxido - Picolax

Question 33

What are the different categories of drugs?

Answer 33

- Analgesics - Antiemetics - Anaesthetics - Anticoagulants - Antacids - Antibiotics - Diuretics - Hypnotics - Cytotoxic (chemotherapy) - Cardiac drugs - Laxatives