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General Medicine: Unit 3 > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

Delirium Tx

A

Haloperidol/Haldol for aggression and combativeness

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2
Q

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Tx, AChE Inhibitors

A
  1. Tacrine (Cognex)
  2. Donepezil (Aricept)
    Treat cognitive impairment
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3
Q

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Tx,

NMDA Inhibitors

A
  1. Memantine (Namenda)

Regulates glutamate to improve memory, used in severe cases

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4
Q

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Tx,

Anti-psychotics

A
  1. Risperidone
  2. Olanzapine
  3. Clozapine
    Used for behavioral Problems
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5
Q

Cardiogenic TIA tx

A

Warfarin

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6
Q

TIA Prophylactic Anti plt Tx

A
  1. ASA

2. Clopridigrel (inhibits ADP receptors)

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7
Q

Hemorrhagic Stroke Tx,

anti edema med

A

Mannitol

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8
Q

Hemorrhagic Stroke Tx, anti-inflammatory

A

Corticosteroids

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9
Q

Ischemic Stroke Tx that must be given w/in 3 hrs of onset of symptoms

A
  1. Recombinant tPa
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10
Q

Ischemic Stroke (cardiac embolus) Tx

A

Anti-plt, anti coagulant meds

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11
Q

Tx for Neuropathic pain in diabetic neuropathy

A
  1. Phenyotoin (Dilantin)

2. Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

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12
Q

Tx for deep constant diabetic pain

A
  1. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
  2. Gabapentin (Neurontin)
  3. Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
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13
Q

Tx for hypotension in diabetes

A

Fludrocortisone, midrodine

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14
Q

Tx diabetic gastroparesis

A
  1. Metochloramide (Reglan)
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15
Q

Tx diabetic erectile dysfunction

A
  1. Viagra, Cialis, Levitra
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16
Q

Guillain-Barre Syndrome Tx

A

a. Plasmaphoresis: reduces recovery time and neurologic damage
b. IV IgG

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17
Q

Tx for Myasthenia Gravis, AChE inhibitor

A
  1. Neostigmine

2. Pyridostigmine

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18
Q

Surgical Tx for Myasthenia Gravis

A
  1. Thymectomy
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19
Q

Anti-inflammatory Tx for MG

A
  1. Corticosteroids
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20
Q

Misc. Tx for MG

A
  1. IV IgG
  2. Immunosuppressents
  3. Plasmapheresis
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21
Q

Bell’s Palsy Tx

A
  1. Corticosteroids, given within 5 days of symptoms

2. Eye lubrication, eye patch

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22
Q

Bacterial Meningitis Tx for Neonates

A

i. Ampicillin: Group B strep

ii. Gentamicin: E. coli

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23
Q

Bacterial Meningitis Tx for Infants under 3 months

A

i. Ampicillin: Group B Strep

ii. High dose Gentamicin: Resistant Group B strep, N. meningiditis

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24
Q

Bacterial meningitis Tx for children and adolescents

A

i. Ampicillin: group B strep

ii. 3rd Generation cephalosporin: N. meningiditis

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25
Bacterial meningitis Tx for Adults
i. Vancomycin: Strep pneumo and N. meningiditis | ii. Ceftriaxone: Strep pneumo and N. meningiditis
26
Bacterial meningitis Tx for Elderly >50
i. Vancomycin: Strep pneumo and N. meningiditis ii. Ampicillin: Listeria monocytogenes, gram negative bacilli iii. 3rd Generation Cephalosporin: N. meningiditis
27
Bacterial meningitis Tx for post-surgical or traumatic cases
i. Vancomycin: gram neg bacilli | ii. Cefedipine: Staph aureus
28
Bacterial meningitis Tx for household contacts
i. Rifampin | ii. Fluroquinolones
29
Tx for Viral Meningitis/encephalitis
a. Acyclovir: HSV infection b. Acetaminophen: prn HA c. Anti-convulsants: Seizures
30
Tx for Brain Abscess
a. IV ceftriaxone b. IV Metronidazole c. IV Vancomycin
31
Mild Acute Migraine Tx: MSAIDs
i. ASA, ii. Naproxen, iii. Ibuprofen
32
Mild Acute migraine Tx: combinations
1. Excedrine Migraine (ASA, APAP, and caffeine) | 2. Bayer Migraine
33
Tx for Moderate-Severe Acute migraines: NSAIDs
1. Ketoraloc (Toradol)
34
Tx for Moderate-Severe Acute migraines: Combinations
ii. Fioricet, Esgic: APAP w/ caffeine | iii. Fiorinal: ASA w/ caffeine
35
Tx for Moderate-Severe Acute migraines: Triptans
iv. Imitrex, Zomig, Maxalt
36
Tx for Moderate-Severe Acute migraines: Narcotics
Morphine, Diaudid, Demerol, Stadol
37
Antiemetics given with narcotics for migraines
1. Metoclopramide 2. Odansteron 3. Prochlorperazine 4. Hydroxyzine
38
Prophylactic Tx for migraines: anti seizure meds
1. Topiramate (Topamax) | 2. Valproate (Depakote)
39
Prophylactic Tx for migraines: Beta blockers
1. Propanolol (inderal)
40
Prophylactic Tx for migraines: TCA
1. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
41
Prophylactic Tx for migraines: Calcium Channel blockers
1. Verapamil
42
Acute Tx for CLuster HA: Anti-inflammatory
Corticosteroids
43
Acute Tx for CLuster HA: First line
1. High flow oxygen 5-15L/min, NRB
44
Acute Tx for CLuster HA: Vasoconstrictors
Triptans
45
Prophylactic Tx for CLuster HA: Calcium channel blocker
Verapamil (Calan)
46
Prophylactic Tx for CLuster HA: Anti-convulsants
1. Divalproex (Depakote) | 2. Topiramax
47
Prophylactic Tx for CLuster HA: mood stabilizer
Lithium
48
Acute Tension HA Tx
OTC Analgesic
49
Prophylactic Tension HA Tx
Amitriptyline: Tricyclic Anti-depressant
50
Huntington's disease Tx: depression
SSRIs
51
Huntington's disease Tx: MAO inhibitor
Tetrabenazine (Xenazine), treats dyskinesias
52
Huntington's disease Tx: Antipsychotic
Haloperidol (Haldol) | Phenothiazines (Thorazine, chlorpromazine)
53
Parkinson's Disease Tx: AChE inhibitors
a. Donepezil, Benztropin, Trihexyphenidyl
54
Parkinson's Disease Tx: dopamine agonists/precursors
1. Levadopa 2. Carbadopa 3. Sinemet 4. Bromocriptine 5. Pramipexole
55
Parkinson's Disease Tx: drug with unknown MOA
Amantadine
56
Parkinson's Disease Tx: COMT inhibitors
1. Entacapone | 2. Tolcapone
57
Parkinson's Disease Tx: atypical anti-psychotics
1. Clozapine, treats confusion and psychotics sxs
58
Parkinson's Disease Tx: MAO type B inhibitors
Irreversibly inhibits dopamine degradation by MAO, treats tremor
59
Tx for Cerebral palsy
a. Muscle relaxants | b. Anti- Seizure Meds
60
Essential Tremor Tx
a. Propanolol (Inderal): Beta Blocker, B1 and B2 | b. Alprazolam (Xanax): use cautiously due to addictive potential
61
Restless Leg syndrome Tx
a. Benzodiazepines b. Gabapentin c. Lyrica d. Senemet
62
Absence Seizure Tx
1. Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
63
Tx for Tonic Clonic Sz
a. Lamotrigine (Lamictal) b. Topiramate (Topamax) c. Valproic Acid/ Depakote d. Second line: Carbamazepine
64
Tx for Status Epilepticus
a. IV Diazepam (Valium) or Lorazepam (Ativan) until seizure cessation b. Loading dose of Phenytoin (Dilantin): prevent recurrence of status epilepticus. Takes 10-30 mins c. Phenobarbital
65
Tx for Simple partial sz
a. Carbamazepine (Tegretol) b. Gabapentin (Neurontin) c. Lamotrigine (Lamictal) d. Phenytoin (Dilantin) e. Topiramate (Topamax) f. Valproic Acid/ Depakote
66
Tx for Complex partial sz
a. Carbamazepine (Tegretol) b. Gabapentin (Neurontin) c. Lamotrigine (Lamictal) d. Phenytoin (Dilantin) e. Topiramate (Topamax) f. Valproic Acid/ Depakote
67
Tx for Insomnia
a. Lorazepam (Ativan), Temazepam(Restoril ): Benzodiazepines b. Eszopiclone(Lunesta): GABA benzodiazepine receptor agonist c. Zolpidem (Ambien): Hypnotics, May lead to amnesic episodes d. Trazadone (Desyrel) : Serotonin Modulator e. Ramelteon(Rozerem): Melatonin receptor agonist
68
Tx for Narcolepsy
a. Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrin): CNS stimulant b. Modafinil (Provigil): CNS stimulant c. Amodafinil (Nuvigil): CNS Stimulant
69
Tx for Sleep Apnea
a. Weight reduction, CPAP, BiPAP, UPPP
70
Tx for Tourette's Syndrome
a. Haloperidal/Haldol: drug of choice that blocks dopamine receptors, adverse side effects: extrapyramidal sxs b. Clonazepam/Klonopin: Benzodiazepine c. Clonidine/Catapres: central acting alpha agonist
71
Tx for MS
a. Corticosteroids: anti-inflammatory, treat exacerbations b. Immunosuppressants/immunomodulators: agents used to slow or stop progression: • Avonex IM or Rebif SQ (interferon beta 1a) • Copaxone SQ (glatiramer) • Gilenya PO (fingolimod) • Tysabri IV (natalizamub) • Tecfidera PO (dimethyl fumarate) c. Symptomatic Tx: Spasticity – Baclofen or tizanidine (Zanaflex) 1. Pain – gabapentin (Neurontin) or amitriptyline (Elavil) 2. Fatigue – good sleep hygiene 3. Weakness/Ataxia – PT for strengthening & balance 4. Depression – SSRI, support group for patient and family 5. Bladder dysfunction : Self-catheterization, Dietary changes, Avoid caffeine, alcohol and OJ, Antispasmodics

General Medicine: Unit 3 (4 decks)

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