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Drugs Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Adrenaline Contraindications

A

Hypovolaemic shock without adequate fluid replacement

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2
Q

Adrenaline Precautions

A

Elderly/frail pts
pts with cvd
pts on monoamine oxidase inhibitors
higher doses may be required for pts on beta blockers

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3
Q

Adrenaline Side Effects

A 
Sinus Tachy
Supraventricular arrhythmias \
ventricular arrhythmias
hypertension
pupil dilation
increase size of MI
feeling of anxiety/palpitation in the conscious pt
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4
Q

Adrenaline Presentations

A

1mg in 1ml

1mg in 10ml

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5
Q

Fentanyl Presentations

A

100mcg in 2ml
200mcg in 1ml (IN USE ONLY)
600mcg in 2ml(IN USE ONLY)

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6
Q

Fentanyl Contraindications

A

Known hypersensitivity

Second stage labour

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7
Q

Fentanyl Precautions

A 
Elderly/frail patients
Impaired renal/hepatic function
Resp Depression
Current asthma
pts on monoamine oxidase inhibitors
addiction to opioids
rhinitis, rhinorrhea or facial trauma
oral amiodarone
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8
Q

Fentanyl Side Effects

A

Resp Depression
Apnoea
Rigidity of diaphragm and intercoastal muscles
bradycardia

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9
Q

Midazolam Contraindications

A

known hypersensitivity to benzos

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10
Q

Midazolam Precautions

A

reduced doses for elderly, pts with chronic renal failure, CCF and shock
pts with myasthenia gravis
can cause severe resp distress in pts with COPD
Increase effects of benzos enhanced in the presence of narcotics and the other tranquilizers including alcohol

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11
Q

Midazolam Side Effects

A

depressed level of consciousness
resp depression
loss of airway control
hypotension

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12
Q

Morphine Presentation

A

10mg in 1ml

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13
Q

Morphine Contraindications

A

known hypersensitivity

late second stage of labor

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14
Q

Morphine Precautions

A 
elderly/frail pts
hypotension
resp depression
current asthma
resp tract burns
addiction to opioids
acute alcoholism
pts on monoamine oxidase inhibitors
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15
Q

Morphine Side Effects

A 
Drowsiness
Resp depression
Euphoria
Naus + Vom
Addiction
Pin-point pupils
hypotension
bradycardia
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16
Q

Normal Saline Presentations

A

10ml polyamp

500ml and 1000ml infusion pacls

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17
Q

Normal Saline Contraindications

A

nil

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18
Q

Normal Saline Precautions

A

consider modifying factors when administering for hypovolemia

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19
Q

methoxyflurane contraindications

A

pre existing renal disease or impairment
cocurrent use of tetracycline antibiotics
exceeding 6mls in 24 hrs
muscular dystrophy
family/personal history of malignant hyperthermia

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20
Q

methoxyflurane precautions

A

pre-eclampsia
cocurrent use with oxytocin may cause hypotension
hand held

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21
Q

Methoxyflurane Side effects

Study These Flashcards
A

drowsiness
decrease in bp
bradycardia
exceeding max dose may lead to renal toxicity

22
Q

dextrose 10% presentation

23
Q

glucagon side effect

Study These Flashcards
A

nausea and vomiting

24
Q

glucagon presentation

Study These Flashcards
A

1mg IU 1ml Hypo kit

25
ipatropiam bromide presentation
250mcg in 1ml
26
ipatropium bromide contra
known hypersensitivity to atropine or its derivatives
27
ipatropium bromide precaution
glaucoma | avoid contact with eyes
28
ipatropium bromide side effects
``` headache nausea dry mouth skin rash tachy palpitations acute angle glaucoma secondary to direct eye contact ```
29
naloxone precautions
neonates | combative pt after administration
30
naloxone side effects
sweating goose flesh tremor nausea and vom agitation dilation of pupils excessive lacrimation convulsions
31
naloxone presentation
0.4mg in 1ml | 2mg in 5ml
32
salbutamol presentation
5mg in 2.5ml
33
salbutamol side effects
muscle tremor and tachy
34
What does adrenaline do in anaphylaxis
has alpha and beta effects beta 2 adrenergic effects to counteract vasodilation, mucosal oedema, broncospasm triggers increase in cyclic AMP inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils
35
Asprin contras
300mg tablet - hypersensitivity - actively bleeding peptic ulcers - bleeding disorders - suspected dissecting aortic aneurysm - chest pain assoc with psychostimulant OD SBP>160
36
Asprin precautions
peptic ulcer asthma pt on anticoagulants
37
Action of Asprin in ACS
to minimise platelet aggregation and thrombus formation in order to stop the progression of a coronary artery thrombosis inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins
38
Asprin SE (high n)
``` heartburn nausea and vom GI bleeding increased bleeding time hypersensitivity reaction ```
39
GTN affect in ACS
- smooth muscle relaxant - reduces preload via venou dilation decreasing venous return - reduces afterload by decreasing resistance and arterial pressure - decreases myocardial o2 demand - decreasing BP while maintaining perfusion pressure - dilation can improve blood supply to ischaemic areas
40
GTN contras
- hypersensitivity - BP150 - HR
41
GTN precautions
no prev admin elderly pt recent MI concurrent use with other tocolytics
42
GTN side effects
``` tachycardia hypotension headache skin flushing bradycardia occasionally ```
43
Ondanestron Contras
Known hypersensitivity Concurrent Apomorphine use Known Long Q-T syndrome Hyperkalemia/hypomagnesia
44
Ondanestron precautions
concurrent tramadol use pregnancy shoudnt be given to pts with Phenylketonuria care with pts on diruetics pts with liver disease should not get more than 8mg per day
45
Ondanestron SE
``` q-t prolongation widened QRS tachyarrhythmias extrapyramidal reactions seizures visual disturbances constipation headache fever dizziness rise in liver enzymes ```
46
Paracetamol Contras
``` hypersensitivity children <1 month administered within past 4 hours total dose exceeding 4g and 60mg/kg in 24 hours chest pain in ACS ```
47
Paracetamol precautions
eldery malnourished impaired hepatic function/liver disease
48
Stemetil contras
``` CNS depression children circulatory collapse pregnancy hypersensitivity ```
49
Stemetil precautions
hypot epilepsy pts affected by alcohol/ antidepressants
50
Stemetil SE
``` drowsiness blurred vision hypot sinus tach skin rash extrapyramidal reactions ```
51
Misoprostol contras
allergy to prostaglandins | exclude multiple pregnancy before admin

Clinical prac (6 decks)

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