Drugs Flashcards
(22 cards)
Lithium
1st line bipolar drug
Blocks ADH at kidney-> nephrogenic DI
Metoclopramide
Tx vomiting, gastroparesis
DA-R antagonist- exacerbate/ cause Parkinsonian sx
Ganciclovir
CMV retinitis
Blocks DNA chain elongation
Azithromycin
Bind 23s part of 50s subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes-block subunit translocation on mRNA- inhibit protein synthesis
Resistance- 23s subunit methylation
Cyclosporine
Inhibits calcineurin-> decreased IL-2 transcription
Acitretin
Psoriasis, acne, photoaging, skin neoplasms
Promote cellular differentiation, immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects
Teratogen- neuro, cardiac, thymic, and craniofacial abnormalities
Probenecid
Inhibits organic anion transporters in kidney
-> increase serum penicillin concentrations
Amitriptyline
TCA
Second line depression; neuropathic pain, migraines
SE: anticholinergic, a-blockade
Paclitaxel
Anti-neoplastic: binds b-tubulin and prevents microtubule breakdown-> arrest in M phase
-> prevent restenosis after coronary stent- prevent intimal hyperplasia
Ritonavir
navir= HIV protease inhibitor-can’t cleave gag and pol
Atazanavir, darunavir, indinavir
SE: metabolic complications- lipodystrophy, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance
CYP inhibitor
Acetaminophen, NSAIDs Abx/antifungals Amiodarone Cimetidine, Omeprazole Thyroid hormone SSRIs Cranberry juice, Ginkgo biloba, vitam
CYP inducers
Carbamazepine Phenobarbital Phenytoin Rifampin Ginseng Green vegetables Oral contraceptives St. John's wort
Raltegravir
integrase inhibitor-block HIV DNA from integrating into host chromosome-> block transcription viral genes
Cilostazol
inhibit platelet phosphodiesterase-> decreased platelet activation
arterial vasodilation
tx Peripheral arterial ds
Amiloride
K+-sparing diuretic
block ENaC channel in collecting tubule
Triamterene same mechanism
Primaquine
Eradicate hyponozoites-latent malaria
Phentolamine
a-blockade
prevent NE extravasation (necrosis from vasoconstriction at injection site)
Bortezomib
Boronic acid-containing dipeptide
Proteasome inhibitor
Tx multiple myeloma
Chlorpheniramine
1st gen antihistamine
sedating-do not use w/ benzos
Diazepam
Benzo
For GAD, panic attacks, insomnia, status epilepticus, alcohol withdrawal, UMN disorders, tetanus (muscle relaxant)
DNU w/ alcohol, barbiturates, neuroleptics, or 1st gen antihistamines
Fibrates (gemfibrozil, fenofibrate)
activate PPAR-a to decrease hepatic VLDL production and increase LPL activity (release FFA for energy or storage)
Decrease TG and increase HDL
Carbamazepine
1st line trigeminal neuralgia
Blocks Na channel recovery-> inhibits neuronal firing
SE: marrow suppression, SIADH
