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CSB331 OSCE > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

(158 cards)

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1
Q

Indications of Paracetamol

A
  1. Minor Pain

2. Fever (causing distress)

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2
Q

Contraindications of Paracetamol

A
  1. KSAR

2. Patients < 1 month

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3
Q

Precautions of Paracetamol

A
  1. Hepatic or renal dysfunction

2. Pt taking anticoagulant medications

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4
Q

Side effects of Paracetamol

A

Nausea

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5
Q

Presentation of Paracetamol

A

Tablet, 500mg

Elixir 120mg/5ml

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6
Q

Adult dose of Paracetamol for minor pain and fever

A

PO 0.5g - 1g, repeat every 4 hours (must not admin within) total max dose 4g in 24hrs

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7
Q

Paediatric dose of Paracetamol for minor pain and fever ≥ 1 month

A

15mg/kg, single does only. Must not admin within 4 hrs of previous paracetamol admin.

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8
Q

Indications for Methoxyflurane

A

Pain

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9
Q

Contraindications for Methoxyflurane

A
  1. KSAR
  2. Pt < 1 year
  3. Hx or significant liver of renal disease
  4. Hx of malignant hyperthermia
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10
Q

Precautions for Methoxyflurane

A
  1. ALOC

2. Intoxicated or drug affected people

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11
Q

Presentation for Methoxyflurane

A

Bottle 3ml

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12
Q

Adult dose of Methoxyflurane for pain

A

INH 3ml, repeat once after 20min, max dose 6ml

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13
Q

Paediatric dosage for Methoxyflurane ≥1 yr

A

INH 3ml, single does only

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14
Q

True or false, you can leave a pt unattended who is self administering Methoxyflurane

A

False

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15
Q

What is the total weekly dose of Methoxyflurane that shouldn’t be exceed?

A

15ml, with admin on consecutive day not recommended

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16
Q

What dose should be administered per pt whilst in the ambulance

A

One dose of 3ml

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17
Q

How many doses can an ambulance officer administer in the ambulance per day?

A

2 doses

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18
Q

Indications for Salbutamol

A
  1. Bronchospasms

2. Suspected hyperkalaemia (with QRS widening AND/OR AV dissociation

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19
Q

Contraindications for Salbutamol

A
  1. KSAR

2. Pt < 2 years

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20
Q

Precautions for Salbutamol

A
  1. Acute Pulmonary Oedema

2. Ischaemic heart disease

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21
Q

Side effects of Salbutamol

A
  1. Anxiety
  2. Tachyarrhythmias
  3. Tremors
  4. hypokalaemia and metabolic acidosis
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22
Q

Presentation of Salbutamol

A

Nebule, 5mg/2.5ml

Ampoule 500microg/1ml

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23
Q

Adult dosage of Salbutamol for Bronchospasms

A

NEB 5mg, repeat PRN, no max dose.

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24
Q

Paediatric dose of salbutamol for Bronchospasm ≥ 2yrs

A

NEB 5mg, repeated PRN, no max dose.

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25
Indications for GTN
1. Suspected ACS with pain 2. Acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema 3. Autonomic dysreflexia (with sysBP ≥160mmHg) 4. Irukandji syndrome (with sysBP ≥160mmHg)
26
Contraindications for GTN
1. KSAR 2. HR< 50 OR > 150bpm 3. SysBP <100mmHg 4. Acute CVA 5. Head Trauma 6. Phosphodiasterase inhibitor medication admin (i.e. viagra, Levita) in previous 4 days
27
Side effects of GTN
1. Dizziness 2. Syncope 3. Vascular headaches 4. Hypotension 5. Reflex Tachycardia
28
Presentation of GTN
Spray (SUBLING), 400microg/dose, 200 doses. | Ampoule, 50mg/10ml
29
Adult dose of GTN for Suspected ACS
SUBLING: 400microg, repeat 5 min, no max dose
30
Adult dose of GTN for acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
SUBLING: 400microg, repeat 5 min, no max dose
31
Adult dose of GTN for Autonomic dysreflexia and irukandji syndrome (with a sysBP ≥160mmHg
SUBLING: 400microg, repeat 5 min, no max dose
32
Paediatric dose of GTN for Autonomic dysreflexia and irukandji syndrome (with a sysBP ≥160mmHg
SUBLING: Consult
33
Indications for Aspirin
1. Suspected ACS | 2. Acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
34
Contraindications for Aspirin
1. KSAR or hypersensitivity to NSAIDs 2. Chest pain associated with psychostimulant overdose 3. Bleeding OR clotting disorders (e.g. haemophilia) 4. Current GI bleeding OR peptic ulcers 5. Pts < 18yrs
35
Precautions for Aspirin
1. Possible Aortic aneurysm or any other condition that may require surgery 2. Pregnancy 3. Hx of GI bleeding or peptic ulcers 4. Concurrent anticoagulant therapy (e.g. Warfarin)
36
Side effects of Aspirin
1. N/V 2. NSAID induced bronchospasm 3. Epigastric pain/discomfort 4. GI bleeding 5. Gastritis
37
Presentation of Aspirin
Tablet 300mg
38
Adult dose of Aspirin for suspected ACS and acute cardiogenic pulomary oedema ≥18yrs
PO: 300mg, chewed followed by a small sip of water.
39
For pts who have had < 300mg aspirin in last 24hrs and present with suspected ACS or APO, what total daily dose should be admin?
300-450mg
40
True or False, Aspirin is indicated for pt with suspect ACS or APO even if pain free.
True
41
True or false,in suspected ACS or APO, aspirin should be admin following the initial dose of GTN
True
42
Indications for Droperidol
Acute Behavioural Disturbances (with a SAT Score of >/= 2)
43
Contraindications for Droperidol
1. KSAR or hypersensitivity to droperidol 2. Parkinson's disease 3. Previous dystonic reaction to droperidol 4. Patient's < 16 years
44
Precautions for Droperidol
Concomitant use of CNS depressants
45
Side effects for Droperidol
Extrapyramidal effects e.g. dystonic reactions (rare)
46
Presentation of Droperidol
Vial, 10mg/2ml droperidol (DORM)
47
What is the dose for Droperidol for pts 16yo to <65yo
10mg repeated once at 15ins. Total max dose 20mg.
48
What is the dose for droperidol for >65 years.
Consult QCC
49
Indications for Adrenaline
1. Anaphylaxis or Sever allergic reaction 2. Severe life-threatening bronchospasms OR silent chest (speak in single words or haemodynamic compromise or ALOC) 3. Bradycardia with poor perfusion (Unresponsive to atropine or TCP) 4. Cardiac arrest 5. Croup (stridor at rest) 6. Shock unresponsive to adequate fluid resuscitation (excluding haemodynamic cause)
50
Contraindications for Adrenaline
Nil
51
Precautions for Adrenaline
1. Hypertension 2. Hypovolaemic shock 3. Concurrent MOAI therapy
52
Side effects of Adrenaline
1. Anxiety 2. Hypertension 3. Palpitations /Tachyarrhythmias 4. Pupil dilation 5. Tremor
53
What is the Presentation of Adrenaline
Ampoule, 1mg/1m; (1:1,000) adrenaline | Ampoule, 1mg/10ml (1:10,000) adrenaline
54
What is the adult dose of IM adrenaline for Anaphylaxis or severe allergic reaction?
300mcg, repeated at 5 min intervals, no max dose
55
What is the adult dose of NEB adrenaline for Anaphylaxis or sever allergic reaction?
5mg, Single dose only.
56
What is the adult dose of IM Adrenaline for Severe Life-threatening bronchospasm or silent chest?
300mcg, repeated at 5 min intervals, no maximum dose.
57
What is the adult dose if IV Adrenaline for Cardiac arrest
1mg, repeated at 3-5min intervals, no max dose.
58
What is the > 6 yo Paed dose of IM Adrenaline for Anaphylaxis OR Severe allergic reaction
300mcg, at 5 min intervals, no max dose
59
What is the < 6 yo Paed dose of IM Adrenaline for Anaphylaxis OR Severe allergic reaction
150mcg, at 5 min intervals, no max dose
60
What is the Paed dose of NEB adrenaline for Anaphylaxis OR Severe allergic reaction.
5mg, Single dose only
61
What is the > 6 yo Paed dose of IM Adrenaline for Severe Life threatening bronchospasm OR Silent Chest
300 mcg, at 5 min intervals, no max dose
62
What is the >10kg ( > 1 yo) Paed dose of IV adrenaline for Cardiac Arrest
10mcg/kg, repeat at 3-5 min intervals, no max dose
63
What is the <10kg ( < 1 yo) Paed dose of IV adrenaline for Cardiac Arrest
100mcg, repeat at 3-5 min intervals, no max dose
64
What is the Paed dose of NEB adrenaline for Croup (with stridor at rest)
5mg, Single dose only
65
Indications of Fentanyl
1. Significant Pain 2. Sedation (for the maintenance of an established ETT) 3. Autonomic dysreflexia (with sysBP > 160mmHg)
66
Contraindications of Fentanyl
KSAR or hypersensitivity to fenanyl
67
Precautions of Fentanyl
1. Elderly patients 2. Hypotension 3. Respiratory tract burns 4. Respiratory depression and/or failure 5. Known addiction to narcotics 6. Current MAOI therapy
68
Side affects of Fentanyl
1. Bradycardia 2. Drowsiness 3. Hypotension 4. Nausea and/ or vomiting 5. Pin point pupils 6. Respiratory depression 7. Muscular rigidity (particularly muscles of Respiration)
69
What is the presentation of Fentanyl
Ampoule, 100mcg/2ml Fentanyl
70
What is the >70yo IM dose of Fentanyl for significant pain.
25 - 50mcg, repeated up to 50mcg every 10mins, total max dose 100mcg.
71
What is the <70yo IM dose of Fentanyl for significant pain.
25 - 100mcg, repeated up to 50mcg every 10 mins, total max dose 200mcg.
72
What is the >70yo IV dose of Fentanyl for significant pain
25 mcg, repeated at up to 25mcg every 5min, total max dose 100mcg
73
What is the <70yo IV dose of Fentanyl for significant pain
25-50mcg repeated up to 50mcg every 5 mins total max dose 200mcg.
74
What is the > 1 yo Paed dose of NAS Fentanyl for significant pain
1.5mcg/kg, repeat once at 1mcg/kg at 10 mins, total max dose 100mcg.
75
What is the < 1 yo Paed dose of NAS Fentanyl for significant pain
Need to contact the QCC advise line in all situations
76
What is the Paed dose of SUCUT Fentanyl for significant pain
Need to contact the QCC advise line in all situations
77
What is the > 1 yo Paed dose of IM Fentanyl for significant pain
1-2 mcg/kg, single max dose 50mcg, total max dose 2mcg/kg
78
What is the < 1 yo Paed dose of IM Fentanyl for significant pain
Need to contact the QCC advise line in all situations
79
What is the > 1 yo Paed dose of IV Fentanyl for significant pain
1 mcg/kg, single Max dose 25mcg. Repeated at 0.5mcg/kg (max 25mcg) at 10 min intervals. Total max dose 2mcg/kg.
80
What is the < 1 yo Paed dose of IV Fentanyl for significant pain
Need to contact the QCC advise line in all situations
81
Indications of Glucagon
1. Symptomatic hypoglycaemia (with the inability to self-administer oral glucose)
82
Contraindications of Glucagon
1. KSAR or hypersensitivity to glucagon.
83
Precautions of Glucagon
1. Nil
84
Side effects of Glucagon
1. Nil
85
What is the presentation of Glucagon
Vials (powder and solvent), 1 mg glucagon
86
What is the adult dose of IM Glucagon for Symptomatic hypoglycaemia
1mg, single dose, Reconstitue 1mg of glucagon with 1 ml of water for injection in a 3ml syringe. (1mg/1ml)
87
What is the > 25kg Paed dose of IM Glucagon for Symptomatic Hypoglycaemia
1 mg single dose only
88
What is the < 25kg Paed dose of IM Glucagon for Symptomatic Hypoglycaemia
0.5mg single dose only
89
Indications of Glucose gel
1. Symptomatic hypoglycaemia (with the ability to self-administer oral glucose)
90
Contraindications of glucose gel
1. Unconscious 2. pts with difficulty swallowing. 3. Pts < 2 years
91
Precautions of glucose gel
Nil
92
Side effects of glucose Gel
1. Nausea and/ or vomiting | 2. Diarrhoea
93
Presentation of glucose gel
Tube, 15g glucose
94
What is the adult and Paediatric dose of PO oral glucose
15g, repeated once at 15mins if BGL <4.0 mmol/L. total max dose 30g.
95
Indications for Glucose 10%
Symptomatic hypoglycaemia (with inability to self-administer oral glucose)
96
Contraindications for glucose 10%
Nil
97
Precautions for glucose 10%
1. Hyperglycaemia
98
Side effects for glucose 10%
Nil
99
What is the presentation of 10% Glucose
Viaflex Plastic container, 250ml glucose 10% (25g)
100
What is the adult dose of IV INF 10% Glucose for symptomatic hypoglycaemia
15g (150ml) repeated at 100ml (10g) boluses ever 5 mins until BGL > 4.0mmol/L.
101
What is the Paed dose of IV INF 10% Glucose for Symptomatic Hypoglycaemia
0.25g/kg (2.5ml/kg), repeated at 1ml/kg (0.1g/kg) boluses every 5 minutes until BGL > 4.0mmol/L
102
Indications of Midazolam
1. Generalised Seizure / focal seizure (GSC = 12) | 2. Sedation
103
Contraindications of Midazolam
1. KSAR or hypersensitivity to Midazolam
104
Precautions of Midazolam
1. Reduced dosages should be used in elderly pts, pts with chronic renal failure, congestive cardiac failure, or shock. 2. Can cause sever respiratory depression 3. Myasthenia gravis 4. Multiple sclerosis
105
Side effects of Midazolam
1. Hypotension | 2. Respiratory depression particularly when associated with other CNS depressants including alcohol and narcotics.
106
What is presentation for Midazolam
Ampoule 5mg/1ml, Midazolam
107
What is >70yo adult dose of IM/NAS Midazolam for generalised/focal seizures
2.5mg repeated every 10mins, total max dose 10mg.
108
What is <70yo adult dose of IM/NAS Midazolam for generalised/focal seizures
5.0 mg repeated every 10mins, total max dose 20mg.
109
What is the Paed dose of IM/NAS Midazolam for Generalise/focal seizures
200mcg/kg, single dose not to exceed 5mg. repeat at half initial does (max 2.5mg) at 10min intervals. Total max dose 10mg.
110
Indications of morphine
1. Significant pain 2. Autonomic dysreflexia (with sys BP >160mmHg) 3. Sedation for the maintenance of an established LMA/ETT
111
Contraindications of Morphine
1. KSAR or hypersensitivity to morphine | 2. Renal failure
112
Precautions of Morphine
1. Elderly pts 2. Hypotension 3. Respiratory tract burns 4. Respiratory depression and/or failure 5. Known addition to narcotics 6. Concurrent MOAI therapy 7. Cardiac chest pain
113
Side effects of Morphine
1. Bradycardia 2. Drowsiness 3. Hypotension 4. Nausea and/or vomiting 5. Pin point pupils 4. Respiratory depression
114
What is the presentation of Morphine
Ampoule, 10mg/1mL Morphine
115
What is the >70yo Adult dose of IM morphine for Significant pain
2.5-5mg repeated at up to 5 mg every 10mins, total max dose 10mg.
116
What is the <70yo Adult dose of IM morphine for Significant pain
2.5-10mg, repeated at up to 5mg every 10mins. Total max dose 20mg.
117
What is the >70yo Adult dose of IV morphine for Significant pain
2.5mg, repeated at up to 2.5mg every 5 mins, total max dose 10mg
118
What is the <70yo Adult dose of IV morphine for Significant pain
2.5 - 5mg, repeated at up to 2.5mg every 5 mins, total max dose 20mg
119
What is the >1 yo Paed dose of IM Morphine for Significant Pain or Autonomic Dysreflexia (with a significant BP >160mmHg)
100-200mcg/kg, single max dose 5mg. Total max dose 200mcg/kg.
120
What is the < 1 yo Paed dose of IM Morphine for Significant Pain or Autonomic Dysreflexia (with a significant BP >160mmHg)
Need to contact the QCC advise line in all situations
121
What is the >1 yo Paed dose of IV Morphine for Significant Pain or Autonomic Dysreflexia (with a significant BP >160mmHg)
100mcg/kg, single max dose 2.5mg, repeat at 50mcg/kg (max 2.5mg) at 5 min intervals. Total max dose 200mcg/kg.
122
What is the < 1 yo Paed dose of IV Morphine for Significant Pain or Autonomic Dysreflexia (with a significant BP >160mmHg)
Need to contact the QCC advise line in all situations
123
Indications for Naloxone
1. Respiratory Depression (Secondary to the administration of narcotic drugs)
124
Contraindications for Naloxone
1. KSAR or hypersensitivity to naloxone
125
Precautions for Naloxone
1. Use with caution on pts with pre-existing cardiac disease
126
Side effects for Naloxone
1. Narcotic reversal can cause combativeness, vomiting, sweating, tachycardia and hypertension 2. May produce acute withdrawal convulsions in the chronic narcotic user 3. Pulmonary oedema
127
What is the presentation of Naloxone
400mcg/1ml, Naloxone
128
What is the adult dose of IM Naloxone for respiratory depression
1.6mg single dose only
129
What is the Paed dose of IM Naloxone for respiratory depression
20mcg/kg, single dose only, not to exceed 800mcg
130
Indications for Ondansetron
1. Nausea and/OR vomiting | 2. Prophylactic administration for pt presenting with ACS
131
Contraindications for Ondansetron
1. KSAR to ondansetron or other 5-HT3 receptor Antagonists 2. Congenital long QT syndrome. 3. Concurrent apomorphine (apamine agonist use in the treatment of parkinsonism) therpay. 4. Pts < 3 years.
132
Precautions of Ondansetron
1. Hepatic impairment 2. Intestinal obstruction Pts with risk factors for QT interval prolongation or cardiac arrhythmias.
133
Side effects of Ondansetron
1. Headache 2. Constipation 3. Sensation of warmth or flushing 4. Dysrhythmias
134
What is the presentation of Ondansetron
Ampoule, 4mg/2ml Ondansetron
135
What is the adult dose of IM/IV Ondansetron for Nausea or Vomiting
4-8mg, total max dose 8mg
136
What is the > 3 years Paed dose of IM/IV Ondansetron for Nausea and/or vomiting
100mcg/kg Single dose only, not to exceed 4mg (slow push over 2-3 mins for IV)
137
Indications for Ipratropium bromide
1. Moderate or Severe Bronchospasm
138
Contraindications for Ipratropium bromide
1. KSAR or hypersensitivity to Anticholinergics | 2. Pts < 2 years
139
Precautions for Ipratropium bromide
1. Glaucoma
140
Side effects for Ipratropium bromide
1. Dilated pupils 2. Dry mouth 3. Palpitations
141
What is the presentation of Ipratropium brominde?
Nebule, 250mcg/1mL
142
What is the adult dose of NEB Ipratropium bromide for Moderate or Severe bronchospams
500mcg, single dose only
143
What is the > 2 yo dose of NEB Ipratropium bromide
250mcg, single dose only.
144
Indications for Ceftriaxone
1. Suspected meningococcal septicaemia (with a non-blanching petechial and/or purpuric rash)
145
Contraindications for Ceftriaxone
1. KSAR or hypersensitivity to cephalosporin drugs 2. Known Anaphylaxix or sever allergic reaction to penicillin based drugs (isolated minor drug rash attributed to penicillin dose not contraindicate the use of ceftriaxone)
146
Precautions for Ceftriaxone
1. Nil.
147
Side effects for Ceftriaxone
1. Nausea and/or vomiting | 2. pain at the IM administration site.
148
What is the presentation of Ceftriaxone?
Vile 1g ceftriaxone
149
What is the adult dose of IM/IV Ceftriaxone for Suspected meningococcal septicaemia
1g, single dose only
150
What is the IM preparation of Ceftriaxone?
Reconstitute 1g of Ceftriaxone with 3.6ml of water for injectino in a 10ml syringe. (250mg/1ml)
151
What is the IV preparation of Ceftriaxone?
Reconstitute 1g or ceftriaxone with 9.6ml of water for injection in a 10ml syringe (100mg/1ml)
152
What is the Paed dose of IM/IV Ceftriaxone?
50mg/kg rounded up to the nearest 5kg)
153
Indications for Oxytocin
1. Active management fo the thirds stage of labour (following confirmed deliver of all foetuses) 2. Prevention and/or treatment of primary postpartum haemorrhage
154
Contraindications for Oxytocin
1. KSAR 2. Pre-eclampsia 3. Cord Prolapse 4. Undelivered foetuses
155
Precautions for Oxytoncin
1. Myocardial ischemia | 2. May potentiate hypotension when administered with analgesia
156
Side effects for Oxytoncin
1. Nausea and/or vomiting 2. Headache 3. Bradycardia 4. Tachycardia
157
Presentation of Oxytocin
Ampoule, 10 international units (IU)/1ml
158
What is the adult dose of IM Oxytocin
10 IU, single dose only.

CSB331 OSCE (3 decks)

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