Drugs

Question 1

What is the presentation of Midazolam?

Answer 1

5mg/1mL

Question 2

What is the onset of Midazolam?

Answer 2

IM - 5-15min, IV 1-3min

Question 3

What is the adult dose of Midazolam?

Answer 3

NAS/IM - >70yr 2.5mg. Rpt 10min. Total max 10mg

<70 - 5mg. Rpt 10min. Total max 20mg.

Question 4

What is the paediatric dose of Midazolam?

Answer 4

NAS/IM - 200microg/kg. Single dose not to exceed 5mg. Rpt half the initial dose (max 2.5mg) at 10min intervals. Total max dose 10mg

Question 5

What are the indications of Fentanyl?

Answer 5

Significant pain
Sedation (maintenance of established ETT)
Autonomic dysreflexia (SBP >160mmHg)

Question 6

Contraindications for Fentanyl

Answer 6

KSAR or hypersensitivity

Question 7

Precautions for Fentanyl

Answer 7

Elderly
Hypotensive
Respiratory tract burns
Respiratory depression and/or failure
Known narcotic addiction
Current MAOI therapy

Question 8

Side effects for Fentanyl

Answer 8

Bradycardia
Dizziness
Hypotension
Nausea
Pin point pupils
Respiratory depression
Muscular regidity

Question 9

Presentation of Fentanyl

Answer 9

100microg/2mL

Question 10

What are the adult doses for Fentanyl?

Answer 10

IM - >70yrs 25-50microg. Rpt up to 50 every 10min. Total max dose 100microg.
<70yrs 25-100microg. Rpt up to 50 every 10min. Total max dose 200microg.

IV - >70yrs 25 microg. Rpt up to 25 every 5min. Total max 100microg.
<70yrs 25-50microg. Rpt up to 50 every 5min. Total max dose 200micorg.

Question 11

What are the paediatric doses for Fentanyl?

Answer 11

NAS - >1yr 1.5microg/kg. Rpt once at 1microg/kg at 10min. Total max dose 100microg.
IM - >1yr 1-2microg/kg. Single max dose 50microg. Total max 2mcg/kg
IV - >1yr - 1microg/kg. Single max 25microg. Rpt at 0.5mcg/kg (max 25) at 5min intervals. Total max 2microg/kg.

Question 12

What are the contraindications for Morphine?

Answer 12

KSAR or hypersensitivity

Renal failure

Question 13

Precautions of Morphine

Answer 13

Elderly
Hypotensive
Respiratory tract burns
Respiratory depression and/or failure
Known addiction to narcotics
Current MAOI therapy
Cardiac chest pain

Question 14

Presentation of Morphine

Answer 14

10mg/1mL

Question 15

Adult doses of Morphine

Answer 15

IM - >70yrs 2.5-5mg. Rpt up to 5mg every 10min. Total max dose 10mg.
<70yrs 2.5-10mg. Rpt up to 5mg every 10min. Total max dose 20mg.

IV - >70yrs 2.5. Rpt up to 2.5mg every 5min. Total max 10mg.
<70yrs 2.5-5mg. Rpt up to 5 every 5min. Total max 20mg

Question 16

Paediatric doses of Morphine

Answer 16

IM - >1yr 100-200microg/kg. Single max dose 5mg. Total max dose 200microg/kg

IV - >1yr 100microg/kg. Single max dose 2.5mg. Rpt at 50microg/kg (max 2.5mg) at 5min intervals. Total max 200microg/kg

Question 17

Contraindications for Ondansetron

Answer 17

KSAR to Ondans or other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.
Congenital long QT syndrome.
Current apomorphine therapy.
Pt <3yrs

Question 18

Precautions for Ondansetron

Answer 18

Hepatic impairment
Intestinal obstruction
Pt with risk factors for QT interval prolongation.

Question 19

Side effects for Ondansetron

Answer 19

Headache
Constipation
Sensation of warmth or flushing
Dysrhythmias

Question 20

Presentation of Ondansetron

Answer 20

4mg/2mL

Question 21

Adult dose of Ondansetron

Answer 21

IM/IV 4-8mg. total max dose 8mg

Question 22

Paediatric dose of Ondansetron

Answer 22

IM >5yrs 4mg. single dose only
>3yrs 100mcg/kg. Single dose only. Not to exceed 4mg.
IV >3yrs 100mcg/kg. Slow push over 3-5min. Single dose only, not to exceed 4mg.

Question 23

Indications for Adrenlaine

Answer 23

Anaphylaxis OR severe allergic reaction
Severe life-threatening bronchospasm OR silent chest
Bradycardia with poor perfusion
Cardiac arrest
Croup (with stridor)
Shock unresponsive to adequate fluid resus (excluding haemorrhagic cause)

Question 24

Precautions and Side effects for Adrenaline

Answer 24

P - hypertension, hypovolaemic shock, current MAOI therapy

S/E - Anxiety, hypertension, palpitations/tachycardia, pupil dilation, tremor

Question 25

Adrenaline presentation

Answer 25

1mg/1ml (1:1000) | 1mg/10mL (1:10,000)

Question 26

Adult doses Adrenaline

Answer 26

IM 300microg. Rpt 5min intervals. No max dose. | Cardiac arrest IV - 1mg. Rpt 3-5min. No max

Question 27

Paediatric doses of Adrenaline

Answer 27

IM >6yrs - 300microg. Rpt 5min interval. No max. <6yrs 150microg. Rpt 5 min intervals. No max Cardiac arrest IV - >1yr 10microg/kg. Rpt 3-5min. No max <1yr 100microg. Rpt 3-5min. No max dose.

Question 28

Indications of Paracetamol

Answer 28

Minor pain | Fever

Question 29

Contraindications for Paracetamol

Answer 29

KSAR or hypersensitivity. | Pt <1mnth old

Question 30

Paracetamol precautions and side effects

Answer 30

P - Hepatic or renal dysfunction & pts taking anticoagulant medications. S/E - Nausea

Question 31

Paracetamol presentation

Answer 31

Tablet 500mg

Question 32

Paracetamol adult dose

Answer 32

>16yrs - 0.5-1g. Rpt every 4hrs. Total max 4g in 24hrs.

Question 33

Paracetamol paediatric dose

Answer 33

>1month 15mg/kg. Single dose only

Question 34

Paediatric glucose 10% dose?

Answer 34

2.5mL/kg, rpt at 1mL/kg every 5min until BGL >4mmol/L

Question 35

What is the presentation of glucose 10%?

Answer 35

250ml (25g)

Question 36

What is the cheat calculation for fentanyl?

Answer 36

Dose x 2. Move decimal point 2 to left

Question 37

What is the cheat calculation for midazolam

Answer 37

Dose x 2. Move decimal place 1 to left

Question 38

What is the cheat calculation for ondansetron?

Answer 38

Dose divided by 2

Question 39

What is the cheat drug calc for Naloxone?

Answer 39

dose move decimal point <2, divide by 2, divide by 2