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NPLEX II Pharm Elective > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

5-FU

A

thymidine analog - blocks DNA
topical and IV
SE: mucositis

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2
Q

Amantadine

A

not first line for anything.

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia

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3
Q

Albendazole

A

worms
SE: immune supression and liver dysfxn
Labs: order CBC to follow marrow and LFT
Int: Cimetidine increasea levels of this drug

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4
Q

Alprostadil

A

IV for babies with Ht defects. also used for penile injection for ED
PGE-1 vasodilator

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5
Q

Atomoxetine

A

NE reuptake inhib for ADHD

SE: drops seizure threshhold

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6
Q

Benzonatate

A 
non-narcotic antitussive, local analgesic
ester anasthetic (allergy warning)
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7
Q

Benzatropine

A

PD, dystonia, reduce antipsychotic ADR

SE: drops seizure threshhold, psychosis

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8
Q

Bethanechol

A

Oral or SubQ
antidote of atropine OD
don’t give until bladder obstruction is ruled out

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9
Q

Bicalutamide

A

used with GnRH analog in Met prostate CA

CI: Liver Dz, pregnancy

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10
Q

Botulinum Tox

A

SE: arrhythmias, MI, seizure, death from OD

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11
Q

Budesonide

A

oral steroid for IBD

Intxn: echinacea diminishes, grapefruit increases

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12
Q

Buprenorphine

A

opioid to treat addiction

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13
Q

Canagliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor for DM2
makes you pee out more sugar
SE: inc thirst, dehydration, UTI, fungal UTI
Intxn: diuretics –> excessive diuresis

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14
Q

Cannabis

A

anxiety, pain, glaucoma, CA?
THC: mostly CB1 R agonist –> CNS
CBD: mostly CB2-R agonist –> immune cells

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15
Q

Ceftriaxone (3rd)

Cefuroxime (2nd)

A

CEphalosporins, B-lactam - inhibit cell wall synth

Cross-react with penicillin (allergies)

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16
Q

Cholera vaccine

A

oral - attenuated virus

Safe in Pregnany and imunodef

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17
Q

Cisplatin

A

DNA replication inhib, antimetabolite
metastatic testicular, ovarium tumors and adv. bladder cancer
SE: bone marrow suppression, hearing and KD damage
Pregnancy X

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18
Q

Clobetasol proprionate

A

atopy, corticosteriod topical

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19
Q

Clomiphene

A

SERM - female infertility ovulatory stimulant, PCOS, post-OCP amenorrhea
SE: ovarian hyperstimulation, seizures, vision changes
CI: Pregnancy X

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20
Q

Colesevalam

A

SE: bowel obstruction

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21
Q

Cyclophosphophamide

A

alkylating agent used in oncology; antimetaboite
Nephrotic syndrome in low doses, KD damage in high doses
SE: bone marrow suppression, mucositis

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22
Q

Dabigatran

A

anticoag, inc stomach acid

Interxn: quinidine, verapamil, amiodarone - inc plasma levels of dabigatran

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23
Q

Denosumab

A

tx bones by preventing development of osteoclasts
MUST have sufficient Vit D and Ca before starting
SE: osteonecrosis of jaw, femur fractures

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24
Q

Diclofenac Gel

A

NSAID with low systemic absorption of 1.5% gel

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25
Doxazosin
alpha 1 blocker - HTN, urinary retention, off-label PTSD nightmares SE: hypotension *if these pts drink too much alcohol, they can pass out from hypoTN
26
Drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol
OCP combo pill SE: thromboembolism x 7 fold Labs: check CMP after 2 weeks to monitor potassium
27
Enoxaparin
low molecular weight heparin | antidote: protamine sulf or heparin
28
BBW enoxaparin
do not take if having spinal catheter placed
29
Etanercept
TNF-a blocker | SE: sepsis, CA, latent TB, Hep B
30
Ezetimibe
directly blocks cholesterol absorption in sm intestine 2nd line to statins CI: severe LV dz - collaborative use with statins Interxn: cyclosporine and fibrates
31
Fingolimod
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator - sequesters lymphocytes in LN Used in MS SE: serious infxn, CA, URI, HA, fatigue
32
Flecainide
SE: Cardiac and pulm toxicity Intrxn: ALCOHOL, -amiodarone, quinidine, and cimetidine incr flecainide - flecainide inc digitalis levels, as well as paroxetine
33
Fludrocortisone
``` mineralcorticoid drug (aldosterone mimetic) SE: HTN, edema, HF, Inc Na, Dec K, immune depression ```
34
Fluocinonide nasal spray
topical corticosteroid | SE: inc local infxn, cataracts
35
Gemfibrozil
TG modulator SE: Muscle pain, gallstones, low K and Ca, inc risk of rhabdo with concurrent statin use Interxn: Inc warfarin potency, statin
36
Glatiramer Acetate
Inj Sub Q in MS myelin basic protein mimetic SE: flu-like sxs, lipoatrophy if injected into same location
37
Glucagon
BB OD, CCB OD, anaphylaxis when epi doesn't work, hypoglycemia CI: pheochromocytoma and insulinoma Interxn: anticoagulants - inc bleeding
38
Haemophilus Influenza vaccine
Hib major cause of epiglottitis
39
HAV vaccine
before travel to endemic area
40
HBV vaccine
1st dose rec within 24 hrs of birth
41
HPV quad
6 & 11= warts, 16-18 = CA | SE: thromboembolic phenomena and urticarial rxn common
42
HCG
off label for weight loss. Stimulate fertility, spermatogenesis SE: inc risk of ectopic preg, stimulate androgen dependent tumors
43
Hydralazine
antimetabolite; used off-label in CA but usu for HTN and CHF | SE: drug induced lupus, cardiac issues
44
Imiquimod
topical for genital warts, BCC, AK SE: flu like sxs, local inflamm CI: Anti-rejection drugs for transplant
45
Indomethacin
NSAID used in AI, often topically which does not have SE SE internal: renal tox, marrow failure Interxn: inc lithium levels, incr hyperKalemia of K-sparing drugs
46
Infliximab
TNF blocker | SE: sepsis, CA, latent TB and Hep B, Marrow failure
47
Influenza Vaccine
Against A and B
48
Isosorbide mononitrate
antiangina, prophylactic nitrate SE: HA CI: PDE-5 drugs sildenafil potentiate--> death
49
Ivermectin
oral or topical - invertibrate chloride channel agonist SE: itching, burning topically Interxn: GABA drugs (CNS depressants), HIV protease inhib, CCBs, glucocorticoids, lidocaine, benzos
50
Ketamine
amnesiatic anetsthetic; NMDA antagonist
51
Leuprolide
downregulates LH and FSH secretion --> dec T and E | injectable
52
Liraglutide
GLP-1 agonist for DM2 insulin secretagogue SE: hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, thyroid CA
53
Meclizine
Rx or OTC for anti-emetic; H1 antagonist SE: sedation Int: other H1 antagonists, CNS depressants --> sedation
54
Megestrol acetate
syntehtic progestin that blocks E | SE: inc appetite, wt gain, thromboembolism, PE
55
Mesalazine
rectal, oral for IBD - aminosalicylate SE: renal failure, DRUG-INDUCED LUPUS, SJS, marrow failure, myocarditis *less SE rectally Interxn: nephrotoxic drugs
56
Methimazole
Blocks TPO SE: agranulocytosis (if sore throat, order CBC!) Int: warfarin, digoxin, all hypoglycemic meds
57
Meomycin/Polymixin B/hydrocortisone
swimmers ear | CI neomycin allergy - skin rash
58
Nepafenac
NSAID eye drop used to prep cataract surgery | SE: inc IOP
59
Norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol PATCH
same as all OCP | Thromboembolism
60
Norethindrone
progestin only pill safe in nursing, BUT least efficacious SE thromboembolism
61
Octreotide
``` somatostatic mimetic (inh GH, glucagon, and insulin) SE: hypothyroidism, cardiac changes, gall stones, anaphylazis ++ Int: may need less insulin; *inc bromocriptine levels (acromegaly) --> Inc DOPA ```
62
Olopatadine opthalmic
antihistamine for the eyes
63
Oseltamivir
duration shorter for influenza A and B, but you must take within 1st 48 hours SE: V/D, HA, difficulty sleeping, psychiatric Sx, seizures
64
oxybutynin
urge incontinence and kidney stones (anticholinergic) SE: anti-sludge CI: glaucoma
65
Pentoxyfylline
xanthine derivative tx PAD, reduces blood viscosity SE: lots of GI SEs, aseptic meningitis CI recent hemorrhagic dz
66
Phenelzine
non-selective and irreversible MOA-I Lots of SE, drug-drug interxns CI: poor LV fxn, hepatitis, alcoholism, > 65 yo, ARF, SSRIs, tryptophan, gen and local anesthetics *B6 deficiency is very common -- supplement with pyridoxine
67
Potassium Chloride
oral and IV | Death with IV ---> too much K can cz Ht block
68
Pregnenolone
atopy, allergies, TBI
69
quetiapine
Schizo, MDD, BP atypical antipsychotic that affects lots of receptors SE: POTS, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, suicide CI: elderly (death), pregnancy - 3rd tri cz mvmt d/o in newborn
70
Ramipril
HTN and renal protective agent | SE: hyperkalemia, dry cough
71
Rifaximin
SIBO, traveler's diarrhea, C. Diff, hepatic encephalopathy, RNA polymerase inhib SE: GI upset, fungal overgrowth
72
Rivaroxaban
anticagulant (Xa) - non-vavular Afib; less SE than warfarin SE: GI bleed (more than warfarin) BBW: D/C Cz incr risk of stroke
73
Scopolamine
SE: Belladonna ADR | caution with analgesics, EtOH, zolpidem, thiazide diuretics, buprenorphone, all anticholinergics
74
Selenium disulfide topical
pityriasis versicolor, sebborheic derm, antifungal
75
Sitagliptin
DPP-4 inhib - add on to DM2 care | SE: nausea, flu like Sxs, pancreatitis
76
Solifenacin
antimuscarinic tx frequency/urgency CI glaucoma SE: prolong QT interval with other prolonging drugs
77
Somatropin
human growht hormone injection *FELONY to use off label* SE: inc risk of DM hodgkin lymphoma, carpal tunnel
78
Sulfasalazine
AI dz metabolizes into mesalazine --. inhib cysteine-glutamate antiporter to inc glutamate in the CNS SE: neuroinflamm, psychiatric agitation/mania; bone marrow suppr, LV/KD damage, hemolysis in G6PD def Antidote: NAC CI: aspirin or sulfonamide allergy
79
Tetanus Vaccine
in pregnancy, use only Td DTap - kiddos TDaP - adulties
80
Terazosin
aplha-1 inhib (sm muscle relaxer) BPH and HTN do not use in hypotensive pts
81
Thalidomide
1st line treatment of multiple myeloma (often in combo with dexamethasone or prednisone) Also erythema nodosum dt leprosy, TB, graft vs host dz SE: infants born without limbs! also, SJS, tumor lysis syndrome, sexual dysfxn, LV and hematologic probs Int: lowers efficacy of OCP, inc risk of VTE, additive sedation
82
Tizanidine
muscle relaxer, alpha-2 adrenergic agonist SE: CNS sxs Int: Amiodarone, verapamil, acyclovir, OCP, fluoroquinolones, CNS depressants
83
Tofacitinib
JAK inhib for AI dz BBW: serious infxn, lymphoma, malignancies Labs: monitoring recommended: CBCs, LFT, lipids, azole drugs
84
Tolterodine
antimuscarinis for urinary incontinence | CI: glaucoma, belladonna ADR
85
Topiramate
antiepileptic, blocks wt gain of other psych drugs Lots of SEs! Int: dec efficacy of OCP CI: Pregnancy -- CAN CZ CLEFT PALATE
86
Trastuzumab
HER-2 + BrCA injectable BBW: HF, allergy, Lung Dz, Teratogen, infxn
87
Ursodeoxycholic Acid
Bile Acid | used in cholelithiasis pts who can't undergo surgery
88
Varinecline
smoking cessation | SE: nausea, HA, nightmares, suicide, GI and cardiac sxs
89
Varicella and Zoster Vaccine
short term risk of zoster infxn post vaccine NOT recommended is: seriously ill, Pg, on high dose steroid, in CA tx, transfusion in last 6 mos CI: allergy to gelatin or neomycin
90
Vitamin K1
oral or subQ antidote to warfarin hematologic dz of the newborn
91
Oral osmotics
osmotic effect stimulates streth receptors to inc motility | SE: Lax abuse, long term use --> pancreatitis and RF

NPLEX II Pharm Elective (1 decks)

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