Drugs Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the adverse effects of Ciprofloxacin?
- Tendinopathy
- Reduced seizure threshold
Which clotting factors are affected by Warfarin?
1972:
- Factor 10
- Factor 9
- Factor 7
- Factor 2
What is the time period between administration of contrast and onset of contrast-induced nephropathy?
2-5 days
What is the mechanism of action of Rifampicin?
Inhibits RNA synthesis
Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase preventing transcription of DNA into mRNA
What is a common side effect of Ethambutol?
Optic neuritis
Visual acuity to be monitored before and during treatment
What is a recognized pulmonary complication of Nitrofurantoin?
Pulmonary fibrosis
What is a contraindication to triptan therapy?
History of ischaemic heart disease
What are the side effects of Ciclosporin?
- Excessive hair growth
- Hyperkalaemia
- Hypertension
- Hyperplasia of gums
- Tremor
Everything is increased - Hair, K+, BP, gums, movement
What is the mechanism of action of Cisplatin?
Causes cross-linking in DNA
What is the effect of Isoniazid on the cytochrome P450 enzyme system?
Inhibits
Isoniazid Inhibits
What is the mechanism of action of Ondansetron?
5-HT3 receptor antagonist
What is the mechanism and site of action of Empaglifozin/glifozins?
Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor
Acts in early proximal convoluted tubule
What is an adverse effect of Phenytoin?
Peripheral neuropathy
What is the mechanism of action of Erythromycin?
Inhibits 50s subunit of ribosomes
Which cytotoxic agent is most commonly associated with peripheral neuropathy?
Vincristine
What is the most appropriate time to take blood for monitoring of Phenytoin levels?
Immediately before next dose
What is the most appropriate time to take blood for monitoring of Lithium levels?
12 hours post-dose
What is the most appropriate time to take blood for monitoring of Ciclosporin levels?
Trough levels immediately before next dose
What is the most appropriate time to take blood for monitoring of Digoxin?
At least 6 hours post-dose
What are some common side effects of Pyrazinamide?
Hyperuricaemia causing gout
Hepatitis
Arthralgia/myalgia
What is the effect of Rifampicin on the Cytochrome P450 enzyme system?
Rifampicin induces CYP450 levels causing increased metabolism of drugs eg Warfarin
What are the side effects of Rifampicin?
Orange secretions
Hepatitis
Flu-like symptoms
What is the mechanism of action of Isoniazid?
Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
What are the side effects of Isoniazid?
- Peripheral neuropathy (prevented with pyridoxine/vitamin B6)
- Agranulocytosis
- Hepatitis
